CVE-2023-28771 (GCVE-0-2023-28771)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-04-25 00:00 – Updated: 2025-10-21 23:05
VLAI CISA CIRCL Shadowserver KEVIntel
Summary
Improper error message handling in Zyxel ZyWALL/USG series firmware versions 4.60 through 4.73, VPN series firmware versions 4.60 through 5.35, USG FLEX series firmware versions 4.60 through 5.35, and ATP series firmware versions 4.60 through 5.35, which could allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute some OS commands remotely by sending crafted packets to an affected device.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: active Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-78 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
CISA
Known Exploited Vulnerability - GCVE BCP-07 Compliant
KEV entry ID: b5ab8151-f2a7-43d0-a530-fb60cf334e1a

Vulnerability ID: CVE-2023-28771

Status: Confirmed

Status Updated: 2023-05-31 00:00 UTC

Exploited: Yes

Timestamps
First Seen: 2023-05-31
Asserted: 2023-05-31
Scope
Notes: KEV entry: Zyxel Multiple Firewalls OS Command Injection Vulnerability | Affected: Zyxel / Multiple Firewalls | Description: Zyxel ATP, USG FLEX, VPN, and ZyWALL/USG firewalls allow for improper error message handling which could allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute OS commands remotely by sending crafted packets to an affected device. | Required action: Apply updates per vendor instructions. | Due date: 2023-06-21 | Known ransomware campaign use (KEV): Unknown | Notes (KEV): https://www.zyxel.com/global/en/support/security-advisories/zyxel-security-advisory-for-remote-command-injection-vulnerability-of-firewalls; https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-28771
Evidence

Type: Vendor Report

Signal: Successful Exploitation

Confidence: 80%

Source: cisa-kev

Details
Cwes CWE-78
Feed CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog
Product Multiple Firewalls
Due Date 2023-06-21
Date Added 2023-05-31
Vendorproject Zyxel
Vulnerabilityname Zyxel Multiple Firewalls OS Command Injection Vulnerability
Knownransomwarecampaignuse Unknown
References
Created: 2026-02-02 12:26 UTC | Updated: 2026-02-06 07:17 UTC
CIRCL
Known Exploited Vulnerability - GCVE BCP-07 Compliant
KEV entry ID: 654a76ab-65b5-485b-a116-b3d71a795054

Vulnerability ID: CVE-2023-28771

Status: Confirmed

Status Updated: 2026-02-03 09:42 UTC

Exploited: Yes

Alternative IDs:
GCVE-0-2023-28771

Characteristics
Remote Code Execution: Yes
Authentication Required: No
Local Access Required: Remote
Severity: 100.0
Timestamps
First Seen: 2025-01-01
Last Seen: 2026-01-28
Scope
Notes: # ip | as_num | as_name | as_country | ptr | last_timestamp # -------------+--------+-----------------------------+------------+------------------------------------+------------------ 69.69.70.70 | 209 | CENTURYLINK-US-LEGACY-QWEST | US | nj-69-69-70-70.dyn.embarqhsd.net | 2026-01-28 17:45:08 70.71.69.69 | 6327 | SHAW | CA | S0106889e68483a90.vs.shawcable.net | 2026-01-28 17:45:09 98.45.67.89 | 7922 | COMCAST-7922 | US | c-98-45-67-89.hsd1.ca.comcast.net | 2026-01-28 17:45:07 95.135.54.10 | 209630 | KREDIT-AS | UA | | 2026-01-28 17:24:43
Evidence

Type: Sinkhole

Signal: In The Wild Attempts

Confidence: 100%

Source: cti-feed.circl.lu

Created: 2026-02-03 09:45 UTC | Updated: 2026-02-06 07:17 UTC
Shadowserver
Known Exploited Vulnerability - GCVE BCP-07 Compliant
KEV entry ID: d7bb84a0-13cf-450a-b125-a07a03bb2f24

Vulnerability ID: CVE-2023-28771

Status: Confirmed

Status Updated: 2026-06-30 00:00 UTC

Exploited: Yes

Characteristics
Severity: 98.0
Timestamps
First Seen: 2023-10-13
Asserted: 2023-10-13
Last Seen: 2026-06-30
Scope
Asset Exposure: ['internet-facing']
Notes: Affected: Zyxel | Severity: Critical (CVSS 9.8) | IoT: no | In CISA KEV: yes | Honeypot connections on 2026-06-30: 69
Evidence

Type: Honeypot

Signal: In The Wild Attempts

Confidence: 70%

Source: shadowserver

Details
1D 1
Iot no
Feed Shadowserver Foundation honeypot/exploited-vulnerabilities
Type ikev2-scan
Class None
7D Avg 0
Vendor Zyxel
30D Avg 0
90D Avg 0
Product
Cisa Kev yes
Connections 69
Observation Date 2026-06-30
Vulnerability Class CVSS
Vulnerability Score 9.8
Vulnerability Severity Critical
References
Created: 2026-06-30 09:24 UTC | Updated: 2026-07-02 01:01 UTC
KEVIntel
Known Exploited Vulnerability - GCVE BCP-07 Compliant
KEV entry ID: 771a4f7f-b996-4b54-991f-6806cf6f2781

Vulnerability ID: CVE-2023-28771

Status: Confirmed

Status Updated: 2023-05-31 00:00 UTC

Exploited: Yes

Timestamps
First Seen: 2023-05-31
Asserted: 2023-05-31
Scope
Notes: KEVIntel entry: Improper error message handling in Zyxel ZyWALL/USG series firmware versions 4.60 through 4.73, VPN series firmware versions 4.60 through 5.35, USG... | Affected: Zyxel / ZyWALL/USG series firmware, VPN series firmware, USG FLEX series firmware, ATP series firmware | CVSS: 9.8 (CRITICAL) | EPSS: 0.99284 | Used in malware: unknown | Not yet in CISA KEV: False
Evidence

Type: Public Report

Signal: Successful Exploitation

Confidence: 70%

Source: kevintel

Details
Feed KEVIntel (kevintel.com)
Title Improper error message handling in Zyxel ZyWALL/USG series firmware versions 4.60 through 4.73, VPN series firmware versions 4.60 through 5.35, USG...
Vendor Zyxel
Product ZyWALL/USG series firmware, VPN series firmware, USG FLEX series firmware, ATP series firmware
Added Date 2023-05-31T00:00:00.000Z
Cvss Score 9.8
Epss Score 0.99284
Cvss Severity CRITICAL
Epss Percentile 0.99931
Used In Malware unknown
Ahead Of Cisa Kev None
Not Yet In Cisa Kev False
References
Created: 2026-06-23 14:05 UTC | Updated: 2026-06-23 14:05 UTC
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2024-08-02T13:51:38.311Z",
          "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "shortName": "CVE"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "tags": [
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://www.zyxel.com/global/en/support/security-advisories/zyxel-security-advisory-for-remote-command-injection-vulnerability-of-firewalls"
          },
          {
            "tags": [
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/172820/Zyxel-IKE-Packet-Decoder-Unauthenticated-Remote-Code-Execution.html"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      },
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2023-28771",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "active"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2023-11-18T05:00:32.985076Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          },
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "dateAdded": "2023-05-31",
                "reference": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2023-28771"
              },
              "type": "kev"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-10-21T23:05:48.400Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "tags": [
              "government-resource"
            ],
            "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2023-28771"
          }
        ],
        "timeline": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "time": "2023-05-31T00:00:00.000Z",
            "value": "CVE-2023-28771 added to CISA KEV"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "ZyWALL/USG series firmware",
          "vendor": "Zyxel",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.60 through 4.73"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "product": "VPN series firmware",
          "vendor": "Zyxel",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.60 through 5.35"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "product": "USG FLEX series firmware",
          "vendor": "Zyxel",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.60 through 5.35"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "product": "ATP series firmware",
          "vendor": "Zyxel",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.60 through 5.35"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Improper error message handling in Zyxel ZyWALL/USG series firmware versions 4.60 through 4.73, VPN series firmware versions 4.60 through 5.35, USG FLEX series firmware versions 4.60 through 5.35, and ATP series firmware versions 4.60 through 5.35, which could allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute some OS commands remotely by sending crafted packets to an affected device."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 9.8,
            "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-78",
              "description": "CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command (\u0027OS Command Injection\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2023-06-09T00:00:00.000Z",
        "orgId": "96e50032-ad0d-4058-a115-4d2c13821f9f",
        "shortName": "Zyxel"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.zyxel.com/global/en/support/security-advisories/zyxel-security-advisory-for-remote-command-injection-vulnerability-of-firewalls"
        },
        {
          "url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/172820/Zyxel-IKE-Packet-Decoder-Unauthenticated-Remote-Code-Execution.html"
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "96e50032-ad0d-4058-a115-4d2c13821f9f",
    "assignerShortName": "Zyxel",
    "cveId": "CVE-2023-28771",
    "datePublished": "2023-04-25T00:00:00.000Z",
    "dateReserved": "2023-03-23T00:00:00.000Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-10-21T23:05:48.400Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "cisa_known_exploited": {
      "cveID": "CVE-2023-28771",
      "cwes": "[\"CWE-78\"]",
      "dateAdded": "2023-05-31",
      "dueDate": "2023-06-21",
      "knownRansomwareCampaignUse": "Unknown",
      "notes": "https://www.zyxel.com/global/en/support/security-advisories/zyxel-security-advisory-for-remote-command-injection-vulnerability-of-firewalls;   https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-28771",
      "product": "Multiple Firewalls",
      "requiredAction": "Apply updates per vendor instructions.",
      "shortDescription": "Zyxel ATP, USG FLEX, VPN, and ZyWALL/USG firewalls allow for improper error message handling which could allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute OS commands remotely by sending crafted packets to an affected device.",
      "vendorProject": "Zyxel",
      "vulnerabilityName": "Zyxel Multiple Firewalls OS Command Injection Vulnerability"
    },
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2023-28771",
      "date": "2026-07-07",
      "epss": "0.99284",
      "percentile": "0.99932"
    },
    "fkie_nvd": {
      "cisaActionDue": "2023-06-21",
      "cisaExploitAdd": "2023-05-31",
      "cisaRequiredAction": "Apply updates per vendor instructions.",
      "cisaVulnerabilityName": "Zyxel Multiple Firewalls OS Command Injection Vulnerability",
      "configurations": "[{\"operator\": \"AND\", \"nodes\": [{\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": true, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:atp100_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"4.60\", \"versionEndExcluding\": \"5.36\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"558978AD-8153-4C1F-A6DE-CCFBF69F754D\"}]}, {\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": false, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:atp100:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"7F7654A1-3806-41C7-82D4-46B0CD7EE53B\"}]}]}, {\"operator\": \"AND\", \"nodes\": [{\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": true, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:atp100w_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"4.60\", \"versionEndExcluding\": \"5.35\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"B150462B-6A4A-4B8C-800D-A83E24C79819\"}]}, {\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": false, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:atp100w:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"47398FD0-6C5E-4625-9EFD-DE08C9AB7DB2\"}]}]}, {\"operator\": \"AND\", \"nodes\": [{\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": true, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:atp200_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"4.60\", \"versionEndExcluding\": \"5.36\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"A32A52F5-5406-4A44-A5C1-42FCDC8C6B22\"}]}, {\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": false, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:atp200:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"D68A36FF-8CAF-401C-9F18-94F3A2405CF4\"}]}]}, {\"operator\": \"AND\", \"nodes\": [{\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": true, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:atp500_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"4.60\", \"versionEndExcluding\": \"5.36\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"320FC232-D76C-4D8A-8003-7C9A7A287A4C\"}]}, {\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": false, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:atp500:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"2818E8AC-FFEE-4DF9-BF3F-C75166C0E851\"}]}]}, {\"operator\": \"AND\", \"nodes\": [{\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": true, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:atp700_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"4.60\", \"versionEndExcluding\": \"5.36\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"2360F0CC-6958-47B6-87A9-B03D52DEBAF8\"}]}, {\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": false, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:atp700:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"0B41F437-855B-4490-8011-DF59887BE6D5\"}]}]}, {\"operator\": \"AND\", \"nodes\": [{\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": true, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:atp800_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"4.60\", \"versionEndExcluding\": \"5.36\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"6C4EE067-E0F0-49B7-8698-8B1AD8E346F0\"}]}, {\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": false, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:atp800:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"66B99746-0589-46E6-9CBD-F38619AD97DC\"}]}]}, {\"operator\": \"AND\", \"nodes\": [{\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": true, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:usg_flex_100_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"4.60\", \"versionEndExcluding\": \"5.36\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"D96CB09A-9AB3-4360-ACFC-A917E7EEC460\"}]}, {\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": false, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:usg_flex_100:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"2B30A4C0-9928-46AD-9210-C25656FB43FB\"}]}]}, {\"operator\": \"AND\", \"nodes\": [{\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": true, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:usg_flex_100w_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"4.60\", \"versionEndExcluding\": \"5.36\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"F0226DAD-492B-493D-B15E-90AA593BAAAB\"}]}, {\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": false, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:usg_flex_100w:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"D74ABA7E-AA78-4A13-A64E-C44021591B42\"}]}]}, {\"operator\": \"AND\", \"nodes\": [{\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": true, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:usg_flex_200_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"4.60\", \"versionEndExcluding\": \"5.36\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"030F29C9-5435-4EA5-B009-895BB2259C19\"}]}, {\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": false, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:usg_flex_200:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"F93B6A06-2951-46D2-A7E1-103D7318D612\"}]}]}, {\"operator\": \"AND\", \"nodes\": [{\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": true, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:usg_flex_50_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"4.60\", \"versionEndExcluding\": \"5.36\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"3CF08551-BA8E-47BC-985D-D5ED76A46793\"}]}, {\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": false, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:usg_flex_50:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"646C1F07-B553-47B0-953B-DC7DE7FD0F8B\"}]}]}, {\"operator\": \"AND\", \"nodes\": [{\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": true, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:usg_flex_500_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"4.60\", \"versionEndExcluding\": \"5.36\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"62ACD903-AC40-451C-B2AB-6F843B3C8897\"}]}, {\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": false, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:usg_flex_500:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"92C697A5-D1D3-4FF0-9C43-D27B18181958\"}]}]}, {\"operator\": \"AND\", \"nodes\": [{\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": true, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:usg_flex_50w_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"4.60\", \"versionEndExcluding\": \"5.36\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"BE7B066A-5AF0-42AF-A341-A91802F588F1\"}]}, {\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": false, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:usg_flex_50w:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"110A1CA4-0170-4834-8281-0A3E14FC5584\"}]}]}, {\"operator\": \"AND\", \"nodes\": [{\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": true, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:usg_flex_700_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"4.60\", \"versionEndExcluding\": \"5.36\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"04A828C5-B71C-43EE-8132-C14C58A52360\"}]}, {\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": false, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:usg_flex_700:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"9D1396E3-731B-4D05-A3F8-F3ABB80D5C29\"}]}]}, {\"operator\": \"AND\", \"nodes\": [{\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": true, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:vpn100_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"4.60\", \"versionEndExcluding\": \"5.36\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"42F4D9F3-BCBF-4990-B270-3592D69FCC22\"}]}, {\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": false, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:vpn100:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"81D90A7B-174F-40A1-8AF4-08B15B7BAC40\"}]}]}, {\"operator\": \"AND\", \"nodes\": [{\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": true, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:vpn1000_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"4.60\", \"versionEndExcluding\": \"5.36\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"E136FA9E-48A2-428C-9F0A-CD9DB7F91581\"}]}, {\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": false, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:vpn1000:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"EECD311A-4E96-4576-AADF-47291EDE3559\"}]}]}, {\"operator\": \"AND\", \"nodes\": [{\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": true, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:vpn300_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"4.60\", \"versionEndExcluding\": \"5.36\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"5DCFD02F-5884-4A96-957D-4CEEDB3826BE\"}]}, {\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": false, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:vpn300:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"3C45C303-1A95-4245-B242-3AB9B9106CD4\"}]}]}, {\"operator\": \"AND\", \"nodes\": [{\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": true, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:vpn50_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"4.60\", \"versionEndExcluding\": \"5.36\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"9C6AFD50-926C-4579-A951-4EFDCBA512F0\"}]}, {\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": false, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:vpn50:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"9E3AC823-0ECA-42D8-8312-2FBE5914E4C0\"}]}]}, {\"operator\": \"AND\", \"nodes\": [{\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": true, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:zywall_usg_310_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"4.60\", \"versionEndExcluding\": \"4.73\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"D84D915E-8075-4DFC-8C83-D7E6A65D7AFC\"}, {\"vulnerable\": true, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:zywall_usg_310_firmware:4.73:-:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"34699536-4CA4-4F87-8E69-A16F2C88A1E8\"}]}, {\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": false, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:zywall_usg_310:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"A983A8D5-1B1E-4DE5-93FE-DED5B2DDCB83\"}]}]}, {\"operator\": \"AND\", \"nodes\": [{\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": true, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:zywall_usg_100_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"4.60\", \"versionEndExcluding\": \"4.73\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"81F20DFB-ED71-4D6F-9B15-4F86341550A9\"}, {\"vulnerable\": true, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:zywall_usg_100_firmware:4.73:-:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"5D5DCBFB-AB12-4525-ADD4-F85059E59177\"}]}, {\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": false, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:zywall_usg_100:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"BB902356-D134-434B-8BAF-2CB366F32050\"}]}]}]",
      "descriptions": "[{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"Improper error message handling in Zyxel ZyWALL/USG series firmware versions 4.60 through 4.73, VPN series firmware versions 4.60 through 5.35, USG FLEX series firmware versions 4.60 through 5.35, and ATP series firmware versions 4.60 through 5.35, which could allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute some OS commands remotely by sending crafted packets to an affected device.\"}]",
      "id": "CVE-2023-28771",
      "lastModified": "2024-11-21T07:55:58.663",
      "metrics": "{\"cvssMetricV31\": [{\"source\": \"security@zyxel.com.tw\", \"type\": \"Primary\", \"cvssData\": {\"version\": \"3.1\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\", \"baseScore\": 9.8, \"baseSeverity\": \"CRITICAL\", \"attackVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"NONE\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"scope\": \"UNCHANGED\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"integrityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"HIGH\"}, \"exploitabilityScore\": 3.9, \"impactScore\": 5.9}, {\"source\": \"nvd@nist.gov\", \"type\": \"Secondary\", \"cvssData\": {\"version\": \"3.1\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\", \"baseScore\": 9.8, \"baseSeverity\": \"CRITICAL\", \"attackVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"NONE\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"scope\": \"UNCHANGED\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"integrityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"HIGH\"}, \"exploitabilityScore\": 3.9, \"impactScore\": 5.9}]}",
      "published": "2023-04-25T02:15:08.743",
      "references": "[{\"url\": \"http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/172820/Zyxel-IKE-Packet-Decoder-Unauthenticated-Remote-Code-Execution.html\", \"source\": \"security@zyxel.com.tw\", \"tags\": [\"Exploit\", \"Third Party Advisory\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://www.zyxel.com/global/en/support/security-advisories/zyxel-security-advisory-for-remote-command-injection-vulnerability-of-firewalls\", \"source\": \"security@zyxel.com.tw\", \"tags\": [\"Vendor Advisory\"]}, {\"url\": \"http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/172820/Zyxel-IKE-Packet-Decoder-Unauthenticated-Remote-Code-Execution.html\", \"source\": \"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\", \"tags\": [\"Exploit\", \"Third Party Advisory\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://www.zyxel.com/global/en/support/security-advisories/zyxel-security-advisory-for-remote-command-injection-vulnerability-of-firewalls\", \"source\": \"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\", \"tags\": [\"Vendor Advisory\"]}]",
      "sourceIdentifier": "security@zyxel.com.tw",
      "vulnStatus": "Modified",
      "weaknesses": "[{\"source\": \"security@zyxel.com.tw\", \"type\": \"Secondary\", \"description\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"CWE-78\"}]}, {\"source\": \"nvd@nist.gov\", \"type\": \"Primary\", \"description\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"CWE-78\"}]}]"
    },
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2023-28771\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"security@zyxel.com.tw\",\"published\":\"2023-04-25T02:15:08.743\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-06-17T05:48:44.217\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Analyzed\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"Improper error message handling in Zyxel ZyWALL/USG series firmware versions 4.60 through 4.73, VPN series firmware versions 4.60 through 5.35, USG FLEX series firmware versions 4.60 through 5.35, and ATP series firmware versions 4.60 through 5.35, which could allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute some OS commands remotely by sending crafted packets to an affected device.\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"security@zyxel.com.tw\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Zyxel\",\"product\":\"ZyWALL/USG series firmware\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"4.60 through 4.73\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Zyxel\",\"product\":\"VPN series firmware\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"4.60 through 5.35\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Zyxel\",\"product\":\"USG FLEX series firmware\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"4.60 through 5.35\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Zyxel\",\"product\":\"ATP series firmware\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"4.60 through 5.35\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"security@zyxel.com.tw\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":9.8,\"baseSeverity\":\"CRITICAL\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"NONE\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":3.9,\"impactScore\":5.9},{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":9.8,\"baseSeverity\":\"CRITICAL\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"NONE\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":3.9,\"impactScore\":5.9}],\"ssvcV203\":[{\"source\":\"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\",\"ssvcData\":{\"timestamp\":\"2023-11-18T05:00:32.985076Z\",\"id\":\"CVE-2023-28771\",\"options\":[{\"exploitation\":\"active\"},{\"automatable\":\"yes\"},{\"technicalImpact\":\"total\"}],\"role\":\"CISA Coordinator\",\"version\":\"2.0.3\"}}]},\"cisaExploitAdd\":\"2023-05-31\",\"cisaActionDue\":\"2023-06-21\",\"cisaRequiredAction\":\"Apply updates per vendor instructions.\",\"cisaVulnerabilityName\":\"Zyxel Multiple Firewalls OS Command Injection Vulnerability\",\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"security@zyxel.com.tw\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-78\"}]},{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-78\"}]}],\"configurations\":[{\"operator\":\"AND\",\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:atp100_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"4.60\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"5.36\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"558978AD-8153-4C1F-A6DE-CCFBF69F754D\"}]},{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":false,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:atp100:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"7F7654A1-3806-41C7-82D4-46B0CD7EE53B\"}]}]},{\"operator\":\"AND\",\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:atp100w_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"4.60\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"5.35\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"B150462B-6A4A-4B8C-800D-A83E24C79819\"}]},{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":false,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:atp100w:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"47398FD0-6C5E-4625-9EFD-DE08C9AB7DB2\"}]}]},{\"operator\":\"AND\",\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:atp200_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"4.60\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"5.36\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"A32A52F5-5406-4A44-A5C1-42FCDC8C6B22\"}]},{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":false,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:atp200:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"D68A36FF-8CAF-401C-9F18-94F3A2405CF4\"}]}]},{\"operator\":\"AND\",\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:atp500_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"4.60\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"5.36\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"320FC232-D76C-4D8A-8003-7C9A7A287A4C\"}]},{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":false,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:atp500:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"2818E8AC-FFEE-4DF9-BF3F-C75166C0E851\"}]}]},{\"operator\":\"AND\",\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:atp700_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"4.60\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"5.36\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"2360F0CC-6958-47B6-87A9-B03D52DEBAF8\"}]},{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":false,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:atp700:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"0B41F437-855B-4490-8011-DF59887BE6D5\"}]}]},{\"operator\":\"AND\",\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:atp800_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"4.60\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"5.36\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"6C4EE067-E0F0-49B7-8698-8B1AD8E346F0\"}]},{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":false,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:atp800:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"66B99746-0589-46E6-9CBD-F38619AD97DC\"}]}]},{\"operator\":\"AND\",\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:usg_flex_100_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"4.60\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"5.36\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"D96CB09A-9AB3-4360-ACFC-A917E7EEC460\"}]},{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":false,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:usg_flex_100:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"2B30A4C0-9928-46AD-9210-C25656FB43FB\"}]}]},{\"operator\":\"AND\",\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:usg_flex_100w_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"4.60\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"5.36\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"F0226DAD-492B-493D-B15E-90AA593BAAAB\"}]},{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":false,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:usg_flex_100w:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"D74ABA7E-AA78-4A13-A64E-C44021591B42\"}]}]},{\"operator\":\"AND\",\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:usg_flex_200_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"4.60\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"5.36\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"030F29C9-5435-4EA5-B009-895BB2259C19\"}]},{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":false,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:usg_flex_200:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"F93B6A06-2951-46D2-A7E1-103D7318D612\"}]}]},{\"operator\":\"AND\",\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:usg_flex_50_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"4.60\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"5.36\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"3CF08551-BA8E-47BC-985D-D5ED76A46793\"}]},{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":false,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:usg_flex_50:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"646C1F07-B553-47B0-953B-DC7DE7FD0F8B\"}]}]},{\"operator\":\"AND\",\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:usg_flex_500_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"4.60\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"5.36\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"62ACD903-AC40-451C-B2AB-6F843B3C8897\"}]},{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":false,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:usg_flex_500:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"92C697A5-D1D3-4FF0-9C43-D27B18181958\"}]}]},{\"operator\":\"AND\",\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:usg_flex_50w_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"4.60\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"5.36\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"BE7B066A-5AF0-42AF-A341-A91802F588F1\"}]},{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":false,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:usg_flex_50w:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"110A1CA4-0170-4834-8281-0A3E14FC5584\"}]}]},{\"operator\":\"AND\",\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:usg_flex_700_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"4.60\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"5.36\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"04A828C5-B71C-43EE-8132-C14C58A52360\"}]},{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":false,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:usg_flex_700:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"9D1396E3-731B-4D05-A3F8-F3ABB80D5C29\"}]}]},{\"operator\":\"AND\",\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:vpn100_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"4.60\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"5.36\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"42F4D9F3-BCBF-4990-B270-3592D69FCC22\"}]},{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":false,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:vpn100:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"81D90A7B-174F-40A1-8AF4-08B15B7BAC40\"}]}]},{\"operator\":\"AND\",\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:vpn1000_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"4.60\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"5.36\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"E136FA9E-48A2-428C-9F0A-CD9DB7F91581\"}]},{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":false,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:vpn1000:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"EECD311A-4E96-4576-AADF-47291EDE3559\"}]}]},{\"operator\":\"AND\",\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:vpn300_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"4.60\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"5.36\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"5DCFD02F-5884-4A96-957D-4CEEDB3826BE\"}]},{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":false,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:vpn300:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"3C45C303-1A95-4245-B242-3AB9B9106CD4\"}]}]},{\"operator\":\"AND\",\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:vpn50_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"4.60\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"5.36\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"9C6AFD50-926C-4579-A951-4EFDCBA512F0\"}]},{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":false,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:vpn50:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"9E3AC823-0ECA-42D8-8312-2FBE5914E4C0\"}]}]},{\"operator\":\"AND\",\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:zywall_usg_310_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"4.60\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"4.73\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"D84D915E-8075-4DFC-8C83-D7E6A65D7AFC\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:zywall_usg_310_firmware:4.73:-:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"34699536-4CA4-4F87-8E69-A16F2C88A1E8\"}]},{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":false,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:zywall_usg_310:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"A983A8D5-1B1E-4DE5-93FE-DED5B2DDCB83\"}]}]},{\"operator\":\"AND\",\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:zywall_usg_100_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"4.60\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"4.73\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"81F20DFB-ED71-4D6F-9B15-4F86341550A9\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:zywall_usg_100_firmware:4.73:-:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"5D5DCBFB-AB12-4525-ADD4-F85059E59177\"}]},{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":false,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:zywall_usg_100:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"BB902356-D134-434B-8BAF-2CB366F32050\"}]}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/172820/Zyxel-IKE-Packet-Decoder-Unauthenticated-Remote-Code-Execution.html\",\"source\":\"security@zyxel.com.tw\",\"tags\":[\"Exploit\",\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://www.zyxel.com/global/en/support/security-advisories/zyxel-security-advisory-for-remote-command-injection-vulnerability-of-firewalls\",\"source\":\"security@zyxel.com.tw\",\"tags\":[\"Vendor Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/172820/Zyxel-IKE-Packet-Decoder-Unauthenticated-Remote-Code-Execution.html\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Exploit\",\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://www.zyxel.com/global/en/support/security-advisories/zyxel-security-advisory-for-remote-command-injection-vulnerability-of-firewalls\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Vendor Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2023-28771\",\"source\":\"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\",\"tags\":[\"US Government Resource\"]}]}}",
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": "{\"adp\": [{\"title\": \"CVE Program Container\", \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://www.zyxel.com/global/en/support/security-advisories/zyxel-security-advisory-for-remote-command-injection-vulnerability-of-firewalls\", \"tags\": [\"x_transferred\"]}, {\"url\": \"http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/172820/Zyxel-IKE-Packet-Decoder-Unauthenticated-Remote-Code-Execution.html\", \"tags\": [\"x_transferred\"]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\", \"shortName\": \"CVE\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2024-08-02T13:51:38.311Z\"}}, {\"title\": \"CISA ADP Vulnrichment\", \"metrics\": [{\"other\": {\"type\": \"ssvc\", \"content\": {\"id\": \"CVE-2023-28771\", \"role\": \"CISA Coordinator\", \"options\": [{\"Exploitation\": \"active\"}, {\"Automatable\": \"yes\"}, {\"Technical Impact\": \"total\"}], \"version\": \"2.0.3\", \"timestamp\": \"2023-11-18T05:00:32.985076Z\"}}}, {\"other\": {\"type\": \"kev\", \"content\": {\"dateAdded\": \"2023-05-31\", \"reference\": \"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2023-28771\"}}}], \"timeline\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"time\": \"2023-05-31T00:00:00.000Z\", \"value\": \"CVE-2023-28771 added to CISA KEV\"}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2023-28771\", \"tags\": [\"government-resource\"]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\", \"shortName\": \"CISA-ADP\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-02-03T16:31:23.634Z\"}}], \"cna\": {\"metrics\": [{\"cvssV3_1\": {\"scope\": \"UNCHANGED\", \"version\": \"3.1\", \"baseScore\": 9.8, \"attackVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"baseSeverity\": \"CRITICAL\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\", \"integrityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"NONE\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"HIGH\"}}], \"affected\": [{\"vendor\": \"Zyxel\", \"product\": \"ZyWALL/USG series firmware\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"4.60 through 4.73\"}]}, {\"vendor\": \"Zyxel\", \"product\": \"VPN series firmware\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"4.60 through 5.35\"}]}, {\"vendor\": \"Zyxel\", \"product\": \"USG FLEX series firmware\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"4.60 through 5.35\"}]}, {\"vendor\": \"Zyxel\", \"product\": \"ATP series firmware\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"4.60 through 5.35\"}]}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://www.zyxel.com/global/en/support/security-advisories/zyxel-security-advisory-for-remote-command-injection-vulnerability-of-firewalls\"}, {\"url\": \"http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/172820/Zyxel-IKE-Packet-Decoder-Unauthenticated-Remote-Code-Execution.html\"}], \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"Improper error message handling in Zyxel ZyWALL/USG series firmware versions 4.60 through 4.73, VPN series firmware versions 4.60 through 5.35, USG FLEX series firmware versions 4.60 through 5.35, and ATP series firmware versions 4.60 through 5.35, which could allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute some OS commands remotely by sending crafted packets to an affected device.\"}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-78\", \"description\": \"CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command (\u0027OS Command Injection\u0027)\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"96e50032-ad0d-4058-a115-4d2c13821f9f\", \"shortName\": \"Zyxel\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2023-06-09T00:00:00.000Z\"}}}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2023-28771\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-10-21T23:05:48.400Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2023-03-23T00:00:00.000Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"96e50032-ad0d-4058-a115-4d2c13821f9f\", \"datePublished\": \"2023-04-25T00:00:00.000Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"Zyxel\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.1"
    }
  }
}


Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.





Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.