Vulnerability-Lookup

CNVD-2022-03910

Vulnerability from cnvd - Published: 2022-01-14

Title

Bundler代码注入漏洞

Description

Bundler是一个用于在Ruby中管理应用程序依赖关系的包。通过跟踪和安装所需的确切gem和版本，为Ruby项目提供了一致的环境。 Bundler存在代码注入漏洞，该漏洞源于在使用Gemfile时，如果 Gemfile 包含 gem 条目并使git选项无效，攻击者通过构造特殊的文件内容可以导致恶意命令注入。

Severity

高

Patch Name

Bundler代码注入漏洞的补丁

Patch Description

Formal description

厂商已发布了漏洞修复程序，请及时关注更新： https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/security/advisories/GHSA-fj7f-vq84-fh43

Reference

https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/commit/a4f2f8ac17e6ce81c689527a8b6f14381060d95f

Impacted products

Name
Bundler Bundler <2.2.33

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "cves": {
    "cve": {
      "cveNumber": "CVE-2021-43809",
      "cveUrl": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-43809"
    }
  },
  "description": "Bundler\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u5728Ruby\u4e2d\u7ba1\u7406\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u5305\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8ddf\u8e2a\u548c\u5b89\u88c5\u6240\u9700\u7684\u786e\u5207gem\u548c\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u4e3aRuby\u9879\u76ee\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u73af\u5883\u3002\n\nBundler\u5b58\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u6ce8\u5165\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u8be5\u6f0f\u6d1e\u6e90\u4e8e\u5728\u4f7f\u7528Gemfile\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c Gemfile \u5305\u542b gem \u6761\u76ee\u5e76\u4f7fgit\u9009\u9879\u65e0\u6548\uff0c\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u901a\u8fc7\u6784\u9020\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bfc\u81f4\u6076\u610f\u547d\u4ee4\u6ce8\u5165\u3002",
  "formalWay": "\u5382\u5546\u5df2\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86\u6f0f\u6d1e\u4fee\u590d\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u8bf7\u53ca\u65f6\u5173\u6ce8\u66f4\u65b0\uff1a\r\nhttps://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/security/advisories/GHSA-fj7f-vq84-fh43",
  "isEvent": "\u901a\u7528\u8f6f\u786c\u4ef6\u6f0f\u6d1e",
  "number": "CNVD-2022-03910",
  "openTime": "2022-01-14",
  "patchDescription": "Bundler\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u5728Ruby\u4e2d\u7ba1\u7406\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u5305\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8ddf\u8e2a\u548c\u5b89\u88c5\u6240\u9700\u7684\u786e\u5207gem\u548c\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u4e3aRuby\u9879\u76ee\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u73af\u5883\u3002\r\n\r\nBundler\u5b58\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u6ce8\u5165\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u8be5\u6f0f\u6d1e\u6e90\u4e8e\u5728\u4f7f\u7528Gemfile\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c Gemfile \u5305\u542b gem \u6761\u76ee\u5e76\u4f7fgit\u9009\u9879\u65e0\u6548\uff0c\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u901a\u8fc7\u6784\u9020\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bfc\u81f4\u6076\u610f\u547d\u4ee4\u6ce8\u5165\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86\u5b89\u5168\u516c\u544a\u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u8865\u4e01\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4fee\u590d\u4e86\u6b64\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002",
  "patchName": "Bundler\u4ee3\u7801\u6ce8\u5165\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7684\u8865\u4e01",
  "products": {
    "product": "Bundler Bundler \u003c2.2.33"
  },
  "referenceLink": "https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/commit/a4f2f8ac17e6ce81c689527a8b6f14381060d95f",
  "serverity": "\u9ad8",
  "submitTime": "2021-12-12",
  "title": "Bundler\u4ee3\u7801\u6ce8\u5165\u6f0f\u6d1e"
}

CVE-2021-43809 (GCVE-0-2021-43809)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-12-08 18:50 – Updated: 2025-11-03 19:26

Title

Local Code Execution through Argument Injection via dash leading git url parameter in Gemfile

Summary

`Bundler` is a package for managing application dependencies in Ruby. In `bundler` versions before 2.2.33, when working with untrusted and apparently harmless `Gemfile`'s, it is not expected that they lead to execution of external code, unless that's explicit in the ruby code inside the `Gemfile` itself. However, if the `Gemfile` includes `gem` entries that use the `git` option with invalid, but seemingly harmless, values with a leading dash, this can be false. To handle dependencies that come from a Git repository instead of a registry, Bundler uses various commands, such as `git clone`. These commands are being constructed using user input (e.g. the repository URL). When building the commands, Bundler versions before 2.2.33 correctly avoid Command Injection vulnerabilities by passing an array of arguments instead of a command string. However, there is the possibility that a user input starts with a dash (`-`) and is therefore treated as an optional argument instead of a positional one. This can lead to Code Execution because some of the commands have options that can be leveraged to run arbitrary executables. Since this value comes from the `Gemfile` file, it can contain any character, including a leading dash. To exploit this vulnerability, an attacker has to craft a directory containing a `Gemfile` file that declares a dependency that is located in a Git repository. This dependency has to have a Git URL in the form of `-u./payload`. This URL will be used to construct a Git clone command but will be interpreted as the upload-pack argument. Then this directory needs to be shared with the victim, who then needs to run a command that evaluates the Gemfile, such as `bundle lock`, inside. This vulnerability can lead to Arbitrary Code Execution, which could potentially lead to the takeover of the system. However, the exploitability is very low, because it requires a lot of user interaction. Bundler 2.2.33 has patched this problem by inserting `--` as an argument before any positional arguments to those Git commands that were affected by this issue. Regardless of whether users can upgrade or not, they should review any untrustred `Gemfile`'s before running any `bundler` commands that may read them, since they can contain arbitrary ruby code.

Severity

6.7 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CWE

CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root Scorecard

References

6 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/security/adv…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/pull/5142	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/commit/0fad1…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/commit/a4f2f…	x_refsource_MISC
https://www.sonarsource.com/blog/securing-develop…	x_refsource_MISC
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025…

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
rubygems	rubygems	Affected: < 2.2.33

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T19:26:31.480Z",
          "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "shortName": "CVE"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "name": "https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/security/advisories/GHSA-fj7f-vq84-fh43",
            "tags": [
              "x_refsource_CONFIRM",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/security/advisories/GHSA-fj7f-vq84-fh43"
          },
          {
            "name": "https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/pull/5142",
            "tags": [
              "x_refsource_MISC",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/pull/5142"
          },
          {
            "name": "https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/commit/0fad1ccfe9dd7a3c5b82c1496df3c2b4842870d3",
            "tags": [
              "x_refsource_MISC",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/commit/0fad1ccfe9dd7a3c5b82c1496df3c2b4842870d3"
          },
          {
            "name": "https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/commit/a4f2f8ac17e6ce81c689527a8b6f14381060d95f",
            "tags": [
              "x_refsource_MISC",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/commit/a4f2f8ac17e6ce81c689527a8b6f14381060d95f"
          },
          {
            "name": "https://www.sonarsource.com/blog/securing-developer-tools-package-managers/",
            "tags": [
              "x_refsource_MISC",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://www.sonarsource.com/blog/securing-developer-tools-package-managers/"
          },
          {
            "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00015.html"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "rubygems",
          "vendor": "rubygems",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 2.2.33"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "`Bundler` is a package for managing application dependencies in Ruby. In `bundler` versions before 2.2.33, when working with untrusted and apparently harmless `Gemfile`\u0027s, it is not expected that they lead to execution of external code, unless that\u0027s explicit in the ruby code inside the `Gemfile` itself. However, if the `Gemfile` includes `gem` entries that use the `git` option with invalid, but seemingly harmless, values with a leading dash, this can be false. To handle dependencies that come from a Git repository instead of a registry, Bundler uses various commands, such as `git clone`. These commands are being constructed using user input (e.g. the repository URL). When building the commands, Bundler versions before 2.2.33 correctly avoid Command Injection vulnerabilities by passing an array of arguments instead of a command string. However, there is the possibility that a user input starts with a dash (`-`) and is therefore treated as an optional argument instead of a positional one. This can lead to Code Execution because some of the commands have options that can be leveraged to run arbitrary executables. Since this value comes from the `Gemfile` file, it can contain any character, including a leading dash.\n\nTo exploit this vulnerability, an attacker has to craft a directory containing a `Gemfile` file that declares a dependency that is located in a Git repository. This dependency has to have a Git URL in the form of `-u./payload`. This URL will be used to construct a Git clone command but will be interpreted as the upload-pack argument. Then this directory needs to be shared with the victim, who then needs to run a command that evaluates the Gemfile, such as `bundle lock`, inside.\n\nThis vulnerability can lead to Arbitrary Code Execution, which could potentially lead to the takeover of the system. However, the exploitability is very low, because it requires a lot of user interaction. Bundler 2.2.33 has patched this problem by inserting `--` as an argument before any positional arguments to those Git commands that were affected by this issue. Regardless of whether users can upgrade or not, they should review any untrustred `Gemfile`\u0027s before running any `bundler` commands that may read them, since they can contain arbitrary ruby code."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
            "attackVector": "LOCAL",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 6.7,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-88",
              "description": "CWE-88: Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command (\u0027Argument Injection\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2023-10-24T23:03:38.116Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/security/advisories/GHSA-fj7f-vq84-fh43",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/security/advisories/GHSA-fj7f-vq84-fh43"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/pull/5142",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/pull/5142"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/commit/0fad1ccfe9dd7a3c5b82c1496df3c2b4842870d3",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/commit/0fad1ccfe9dd7a3c5b82c1496df3c2b4842870d3"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/commit/a4f2f8ac17e6ce81c689527a8b6f14381060d95f",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/commit/a4f2f8ac17e6ce81c689527a8b6f14381060d95f"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://www.sonarsource.com/blog/securing-developer-tools-package-managers/",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://www.sonarsource.com/blog/securing-developer-tools-package-managers/"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-fj7f-vq84-fh43",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Local Code Execution through Argument Injection via dash leading git url parameter in Gemfile"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2021-43809",
    "datePublished": "2021-12-08T18:50:12.000Z",
    "dateReserved": "2021-11-16T00:00:00.000Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T19:26:31.480Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

Action not permitted

CNVD-2022-03910

CVE-2021-43809 (GCVE-0-2021-43809)

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature

Related by attack behaviour