Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-88
AllowedImproper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product constructs a string for a command to be executed by a separate component in another control sphere, but it does not properly delimit the intended arguments, options, or switches within that command string.
771 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-115372 (GCVE-0-2026-115372)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-22 19:13 – Updated: 2026-10-22 19:13
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Incus 7.3.0 before 7.5.0 Project Restriction Bypass via block.create_options
Summary
Incus from 7.3.0 before 7.5.0 contains a project restriction bypass that allows restricted project users to set block.create_options through volume update, copy, and move operations. Attackers can set the option on a custom volume and trigger a copy or move onto a formatting pool to inject arguments into mkfs executed as root.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/lxc/incus/security/advisories/… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/incus-7.3.0-… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-09-25 00:00
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CVE-2026-113708 (GCVE-0-2026-113708)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-20 18:03 – Updated: 2026-10-20 18:43
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Argo CD: A Kustomize remote ref can run commands in the repo-server
Summary
Argo CD is a declarative, GitOps continuous delivery tool for Kubernetes. From 2.7.0 until 3.3.15, 3.4.10, 3.5.4, and 3.6.0-rc2, Kustomize passes ref or version query values from remote resource, base, or component URLs to git fetch without an end-of-options separator. A leading-hyphen value can be parsed as --upload-pack and execute a command inside argocd-repo-server when the remote uses a local transport such as file://. Git does not run the supplied command for an https:// remote. The local transport does not leave the pod, so blocking repo-server egress does not prevent the execution. The command runs as the repo-server user, can read repository credentials and other process-accessible data, and can return output through manifest-generation errors. An attacker can commit a Kustomization to a Git repository that an Application builds or upload files through POST /api/v1/applications/manifestsWithFiles, also exposed by argocd app diff --local --server-side-generate. The upload path requires only Application get permission on an existing Application, without Application update or sync permission or repository write access. Kustomize 5.0.0 introduced acceptance of file://, whereas 4.5.7 rejects that transport; replacing the affected Kustomize with a newer version alone does not correct the missing option separator. This issue is fixed in versions 3.3.15, 3.4.10, 3.5.4, and 3.6.0-rc2.
Severity
9.9 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-20 18:42 UTC
CWE
- CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
Assigner
References
9 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/argoproj/argo-cd/security/advi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/argoproj/argo-cd/security/advi… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/argoproj/argo-cd/pull/12299 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/argoproj/argo-cd/commit/25bade… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://argo-cd.readthedocs.io/en/stable/user-gui… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/argoproj/argo-cd/releases/tag/… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/argoproj/argo-cd/releases/tag/… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/argoproj/argo-cd/releases/tag/v3.5.4 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/argoproj/argo-cd/releases/tag/… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-112944 (GCVE-0-2026-112944)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-20 14:57 – Updated: 2026-10-20 15:23
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
launch-editor: Editor CLI flag misinterpretation causing arbitrary command execution for some editors
Summary
launch-editor allows users to open files with line numbers in editor from Node.js. Prior to 2.14.2, when an attacker can create a filesystem entry beginning with plus or minus in the working directory, an affected editor is selected, and the path can remain relative or is converted to a relative WSL path, launchEditor forwards the path without forcing it to be interpreted as a positional filename. Editor option parsing then treats the attacker-controlled filename as a command-line flag, which can cause unintended file overwrite or arbitrary command execution by the selected editor. The affected editors are Vim and gVim, MacVim, Emacs and Emacsclient, and Notepad++ when a plugin exposes dangerous operations; WSL path conversion keeps Vite and newer middleware callers exposed. This issue is fixed in version 2.14.2.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-20 15:22 UTC
CWE
- CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/vitejs/launch-editor/security/… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/vitejs/launch-editor/pull/156 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/vitejs/launch-editor/commit/f6… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/vitejs/launch-editor/releases/… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-112900 (GCVE-0-2026-112900)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-19 22:07 – Updated: 2026-10-20 14:43
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Pillow: Argument Injection in Ghostscript call, potentially leading into RCE
Summary
Pillow is a Python imaging library. From 2.6.0 until 13.0.0, Pillow is vulnerable to argument injection when invoking Ghostscript for EPS input. EpsImagePlugin.Ghostscript passes a caller-controlled input filename after -f without converting it to a safe absolute path, so a name beginning with a hyphen can be interpreted as a Ghostscript option. An attacker who controls the filename can inject Ghostscript arguments. Arbitrary command execution specifically requires a leading @ argument-file filename and control of the referenced text file containing additional Ghostscript arguments; the reported chain reproduces with the default -dSAFER invocation. This issue is fixed in version 13.0.0.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-20 14:43 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/security/… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/commit/a2… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/releases/… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| python-pillow | Pillow |
Affected:
>= 2.6.0, < 13.0.0
|
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CVE-2026-111813 (GCVE-0-2026-111813)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-21 18:20 – Updated: 2026-10-23 11:06
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Apache Traffic Server: magick plugin passes client query strings unfiltered to ImageMagick convert in the default configuration
Summary
Apache Traffic Server's experimental magick plugin lets an unauthenticated client control ImageMagick convert arguments in its default (unsigned) configuration.
This issue affects Apache Traffic Server: from 8.0.1 through 8.1.11, from 9.0.0 through 9.2.15, from 10.0.0 through 10.1.4, 10.2.0.
Users are recommended to upgrade to version 9.2.16, 10.1.5, or 10.2.1, which fix the issue.
Severity
10 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-22 23:05 UTC
CWE
- CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://lists.apache.org/thread/r95dq29ywcd1f4x30… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache Traffic Server |
Affected:
8.0.1 , ≤ 8.1.11
(semver)
Affected: 9.0.0 , ≤ 9.2.15 (semver) Affected: 10.0.0 , ≤ 10.1.4 (semver) Affected: 10.2.0 (semver) |
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CVE-2026-111728 (GCVE-0-2026-111728)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-16 15:02 – Updated: 2026-10-16 17:06
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Seanime v3.10.3 Argument Injection via TranscodeHwAccelCustomSettings
Summary
Seanime v3.7.0 to v3.10.3 contains an argument injection vulnerability reachable through improper authorization, allowing unauthenticated LAN or Tailnet clients to bypass the privileged mediastream settings guard by setting transcodeHwAccel to custom and supplying attacker-controlled decodeFlags and encodeFlags via the transcodeHwAccelCustomSettings field, which are appended verbatim to the ffmpeg argument vector. Attackers can trigger execution via the mediastream request and HLS playlist endpoints to achieve arbitrary file write and file truncation on the host as the user running seanime, with the injected input options also enabling potential arbitrary local file read and outbound data exfiltration through ffmpeg's protocol handlers.
Severity
5.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-16 16:32 UTC
CWE
- CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/5rahim/seanime/commit/d7b13706… | patch |
| https://github.com/5rahim/seanime | product |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/seanime-argu… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-10-14 00:00
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CVE-2026-111581 (GCVE-0-2026-111581)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-16 15:42 – Updated: 2026-10-16 17:06
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Libblockdev: libblockdev: argument injection in ntfs/vfat label-setting helpers via udisks2 setlabel() d-bus method
Summary
A flaw was found in libblockdev. The bd_fs_ntfs_set_label() and bd_fs_vfat_set_label() functions pass caller-supplied label values as bare positional arguments to the ntfslabel and fatlabel utilities without end-of-options separators or input validation for values beginning with a dash. This allows a label starting with '-' to be interpreted as a command-line flag by the spawned tool, potentially bypassing safety checks or causing unintended operations. This is reachable by unprivileged local users through the udisks2 Filesystem.SetLabel() D-Bus method without administrator authentication.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-16 16:32 UTC
CWE
- CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-111581 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2554104 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
Impacted products
4 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9
|
Date Public
2026-10-16 13:00
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CVE-2026-110859 (GCVE-0-2026-110859)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-14 22:52 – Updated: 2026-10-15 15:40
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
GitPython before 3.2.0 Arbitrary File Read via Head.checkout() Branch Name
Summary
GitPython before 3.2.0 contains an argument injection vulnerability in Head.checkout() that allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files by supplying a branch name parsed as a git option. Attackers can host a repository whose default branch is named --pathspec-from-file=<path>, causing cloning applications that check out the active branch to leak file contents through GitCommandError messages.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-15 15:39 UTC
CWE
- CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/gitpython-be… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| gitpython-developers | GitPython |
Affected:
0 , < 3.2.0
(semver)
Unaffected: 3.2.0 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:gitpython_project:gitpython:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Date Public
2026-09-30 00:00
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CVE-2026-110858 (GCVE-0-2026-110858)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-14 22:52 – Updated: 2026-10-16 17:14
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
GitPython 3.1.30 before 3.2.0 Command Injection via Remote.pull() Refspec
Summary
GitPython from 3.1.30 before 3.2.0 contains a remote code execution vulnerability in Remote.pull() whose unsafe-option guard inspects only keyword arguments, not the positional refspec. Attackers controlling the refspec can supply --upload-pack=<command> to execute OS commands as the calling process over local-path or SSH transports.
Severity
8.1 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-16 16:35 UTC
CWE
- CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/gitpython-3.… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| gitpython-developers | GitPython |
Affected:
3.1.30 , < 3.2.0
(semver)
Unaffected: 3.2.0 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:gitpython_project:gitpython:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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2026-09-30 00:00
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CVE-2026-109966 (GCVE-0-2026-109966)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-13 14:00 – Updated: 2026-10-26 19:41 Unsupported When Assigned
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
yt-dlp-web-ui through 4.0.0 Argument Injection via Service.Formats JSON-RPC Method
Summary
yt-dlp-web-ui through 4.0.0 contains an argument injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to inject yt-dlp options by supplying a dash-prefixed url parameter to the Service.Formats JSON-RPC method. Attackers can send values like --load-info-json via /rpc/http or /rpc/ws to make yt-dlp load attacker-chosen JSON files from the server filesystem, with contents reflected in responses.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-26 19:41 UTC
CWE
- CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/vazzzy071-crypto/security-advi… | third-party-advisoryexploit |
| https://github.com/marcopiovanello/yt-dlp-web-ui/… | technical-description |
| https://github.com/marcopiovanello/yt-dlp-web-ui | product |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/yt-dlp-web-u… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| marcopiovanello | yt-dlp-web-ui |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 4.0.0
(semver)
|
Date Public
2026-10-13 00:00
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],
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/yt-dlp-web-ui-through-4.0.0-argument-injection-via-service-formats-json-rpc-method"
}
],
"tags": [
"unsupported-when-assigned"
],
"title": "yt-dlp-web-ui through 4.0.0 Argument Injection via Service.Formats JSON-RPC Method",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "vulncheck-endgame"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"assignerShortName": "VulnCheck",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-109966",
"datePublished": "2026-10-13T14:00:17.990Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-10-13T11:26:13.465Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-26T19:41:49.314Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
Mitigation
Implementation
Strategy: Parameterization
Where possible, avoid building a single string that contains the command and its arguments. Some languages or frameworks have functions that support specifying independent arguments, e.g. as an array, which is used to automatically perform the appropriate quoting or escaping while building the command. For example, in PHP, escapeshellarg() can be used to escape a single argument to system(), or exec() can be called with an array of arguments. In C, code can often be refactored from using system() - which accepts a single string - to using exec(), which requires separate function arguments for each parameter.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Input Validation
Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your product: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, request headers as well as content, URL components, e-mail, files, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Perform input validation at well-defined interfaces.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Implementation
Directly convert your input type into the expected data type, such as using a conversion function that translates a string into a number. After converting to the expected data type, ensure that the input's values fall within the expected range of allowable values and that multi-field consistencies are maintained.
Mitigation
Implementation
- Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180, CWE-181). Make sure that your application does not inadvertently decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked. Use libraries such as the OWASP ESAPI Canonicalization control.
- Consider performing repeated canonicalization until your input does not change any more. This will avoid double-decoding and similar scenarios, but it might inadvertently modify inputs that are allowed to contain properly-encoded dangerous content.
Mitigation
Implementation
When exchanging data between components, ensure that both components are using the same character encoding. Ensure that the proper encoding is applied at each interface. Explicitly set the encoding you are using whenever the protocol allows you to do so.
Mitigation
Implementation
When your application combines data from multiple sources, perform the validation after the sources have been combined. The individual data elements may pass the validation step but violate the intended restrictions after they have been combined.
Mitigation
Testing
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
CAPEC-137: Parameter Injection
An adversary manipulates the content of request parameters for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. Some parameter encodings use text characters as separators. For example, parameters in a HTTP GET message are encoded as name-value pairs separated by an ampersand (&). If an attacker can supply text strings that are used to fill in these parameters, then they can inject special characters used in the encoding scheme to add or modify parameters. For example, if user input is fed directly into an HTTP GET request and the user provides the value "myInput&new_param=myValue", then the input parameter is set to myInput, but a new parameter (new_param) is also added with a value of myValue. This can significantly change the meaning of the query that is processed by the server. Any encoding scheme where parameters are identified and separated by text characters is potentially vulnerable to this attack - the HTTP GET encoding used above is just one example.
CAPEC-174: Flash Parameter Injection
An adversary takes advantage of improper data validation to inject malicious global parameters into a Flash file embedded within an HTML document. Flash files can leverage user-submitted data to configure the Flash document and access the embedding HTML document.
CAPEC-41: Using Meta-characters in E-mail Headers to Inject Malicious Payloads
This type of attack involves an attacker leveraging meta-characters in email headers to inject improper behavior into email programs. Email software has become increasingly sophisticated and feature-rich. In addition, email applications are ubiquitous and connected directly to the Web making them ideal targets to launch and propagate attacks. As the user demand for new functionality in email applications grows, they become more like browsers with complex rendering and plug in routines. As more email functionality is included and abstracted from the user, this creates opportunities for attackers. Virtually all email applications do not list email header information by default, however the email header contains valuable attacker vectors for the attacker to exploit particularly if the behavior of the email client application is known. Meta-characters are hidden from the user, but can contain scripts, enumerations, probes, and other attacks against the user's system.
CAPEC-460: HTTP Parameter Pollution (HPP)
An adversary adds duplicate HTTP GET/POST parameters by injecting query string delimiters. Via HPP it may be possible to override existing hardcoded HTTP parameters, modify the application behaviors, access and, potentially exploit, uncontrollable variables, and bypass input validation checkpoints and WAF rules.
CAPEC-88: OS Command Injection
In this type of an attack, an adversary injects operating system commands into existing application functions. An application that uses untrusted input to build command strings is vulnerable. An adversary can leverage OS command injection in an application to elevate privileges, execute arbitrary commands and compromise the underlying operating system.