Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-88
AllowedImproper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product constructs a string for a command to be executed by a separate component in another control sphere, but it does not properly delimit the intended arguments, options, or switches within that command string.
591 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-73682 (GCVE-0-2026-73682)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-14 21:06 – Updated: 2026-08-14 21:06
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Semaphore prior to version 2.18.20 OS Command Injection via git_url Repository Handling
Summary
Semaphore versions prior to 2.18.20 contain an OS command injection (argument injection) vulnerability in the repository git_url handling that allows authenticated users holding the Manager or Owner role on any project to achieve remote code execution on the Semaphore server host. Attackers can craft a malicious git_url value using git's --upload-pack= option to inject and execute arbitrary shell commands when the server processes repository operations using the default cmd_git client.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/semaphoreui/semaphore | product |
| https://github.com/semaphoreui/semaphore/security… | technical-description |
| https://github.com/semaphoreui/semaphore/commit/5… | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/semaphore-pr… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| semaphoreui | semaphore |
Affected:
0 , < 2.18.20
(semver)
|
Date Public
2026-08-06 00:00
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CVE-2026-73624 (GCVE-0-2026-73624)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-13 11:28 – Updated: 2026-08-14 16:52
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
GitPython before 3.1.54 Arbitrary File Overwrite via diff
Summary
GitPython versions before 3.1.54 contain an arbitrary file overwrite vulnerability in the Diffable.diff method that fails to validate git options passed through kwargs. Attackers can supply the --output argument via the other parameter or output kwarg to write patch content to attacker-chosen file paths at process privilege level.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-13 15:04 UTC
CWE
- CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/gitpython-be… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| gitpython-developers | GitPython |
Affected:
0 , < 3.1.54
(semver)
Unaffected: 3.1.54 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:gitpython_project:gitpython:*:*:*:*:*:python:*:* |
Date Public
2026-07-22 00:00
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CVE-2026-73621 (GCVE-0-2026-73621)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-13 11:28 – Updated: 2026-08-14 18:10
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
GitPython before 3.1.56 Arbitrary File Truncation via Commit.count
Summary
GitPython before 3.1.56 contains an argument injection vulnerability in the Commit.count() method, which forwards keyword arguments to 'git rev-list' without the check_unsafe_options guard present in the sibling iter_items method. An attacker who can control options passed to Commit.count (e.g., via an application that forwards a user-supplied options dict) can supply output=<path>, causing 'git rev-list --output=<path>' to open and truncate the target file to zero bytes before revision parsing. This allows destruction/blanking of an arbitrary file at the process's privilege level (no content control, 0-byte truncation).
Severity
5.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-14 18:02 UTC
CWE
- CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/gitpython-be… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| gitpython-developers | GitPython |
Affected:
0 , < 3.1.56
(semver)
Unaffected: 3.1.56 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:gitpython_project:gitpython:*:*:*:*:*:python:*:* |
Date Public
2026-07-25 00:00
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CVE-2026-73294 (GCVE-0-2026-73294)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-12 15:55 – Updated: 2026-08-12 16:03
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Semaphore U: OS Command Injection
Summary
Semaphore UI is a web interface for managing DevOps tools. Prior to 2.18.17 and 2.19.5-beta2, repository git_url handling passes an attacker-controlled --upload-pack option to CmdGitClient.GetLastRemoteCommitHash through POST /api/project/{id}/repositories and scheduled commit-hash polling, allowing a project Manager or Owner to execute arbitrary OS commands in the Semaphore server process. This issue is fixed in versions 2.18.17 and 2.19.5-beta2.
Severity
9.9 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-12 16:03 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/semaphoreui/semaphore/security… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/semaphoreui/semaphore/commit/7… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/semaphoreui/semaphore/commit/a… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/semaphoreui/semaphore/tree/v2.18.17 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/semaphoreui/semaphore/tree/v2.… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| semaphoreui | semaphore |
Affected:
< 2.18.17
Affected: >= 2.19.0-alpha3, < 2.19.5-beta2 |
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CVE-2026-73240 (GCVE-0-2026-73240)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-12 16:41 – Updated: 2026-08-13 15:50
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Apache Allura: Git command injection
Summary
Specifically crafted inputs may lead to git argument injection in Apache Allura.
This issue affects Apache Allura: before 1.19.1.
Users are recommended to upgrade to version 1.19.1, which fixes the issue.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-13 15:50 UTC
CWE
- CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
Assigner
References
3 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache Allura |
Affected:
0 , < 1.19.1
(semver)
|
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CVE-2026-72538 (GCVE-0-2026-72538)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-11 11:07 – Updated: 2026-08-11 12:38
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
PrefectHQ Prefect - Argument Injection
Summary
An argument injection vulnerability in PrefectHQ Prefect through 3.8.2 allows authenticated users to achieve remote code execution via the git_clone pull step branch field. The branch parameter is passed directly to git pull without sanitization, enabling injection of arbitrary git arguments. This represents a distinct code path from the incomplete fix applied for CVE-2026-5366 and allows command execution on the Prefect server.
Severity
8.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-11 12:38 UTC
CWE
- CWE-88 - Argument Injection
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/PrefectHQ/prefect |
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CVE-2026-71212 (GCVE-0-2026-71212)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-05 06:59 – Updated: 2026-08-10 11:45
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
xidown - Argument Injection via Unterminated yt-dlp Command Line Construction
Summary
xidown (a yt-dlp/ffmpeg GUI wrapper) builds its yt-dlp command-line invocation (xidown/core/scanner.py and downloader.py) by appending the user-provided or scanned URL as a bare trailing positional argument, with no '--' end-of-options marker and no scheme validation anywhere in the codebase.
Severity
4.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-05 13:26 UTC
CWE
- CWE-88 - Argument Injection
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/88.html | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| indravoyager | xidown |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.25.1.19
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-08-05 06:59
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CVE-2026-64624 (GCVE-0-2026-64624)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-20 21:50 – Updated: 2026-07-24 20:17
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
FreeRDP RDP File Parser Remote Code Execution via CLI Options
Summary
FreeRDP before 3.28.0 treats lines beginning with forward slash in RDP files as raw command-line options, exposing the entire CLI parser surface to untrusted files. Attackers can craft malicious RDP files with /rdp2tcp, /cert:ignore, or /drive options to execute arbitrary commands, bypass certificate validation, or expose local filesystems without user interaction.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-23 03:56 UTC
CWE
- CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/security/advis… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/freerdp-rdp-… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-07-06 00:00
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CVE-2026-61459 (GCVE-0-2026-61459)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-10 18:34 – Updated: 2026-07-14 22:03 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
MCP Server Kubernetes < 3.9.0 Argument Injection via kubectl Structured Tools
Summary
MCP Server Kubernetes before 3.9.0 contains an argument injection vulnerability in structured tools (kubectl_get, kubectl_describe, kubectl_delete) that allows attackers to bypass the assertNoDangerousFlags security check by supplying resourceType and name parameters with leading dashes. Attackers can inject the --server flag to redirect kubectl commands to an attacker-controlled API server, causing the operator's bearer token to be transmitted externally and enabling full cluster compromise.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-13 14:55 UTC
CWE
- CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/Flux159/mcp-server-kubernetes/… | release-notes |
| https://github.com/Flux159/mcp-server-kubernetes/… | exploittechnical-description |
| https://github.com/Flux159/mcp-server-kubernetes/… | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/Flux159/mcp-server-kubernetes/… | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/mcp-server-k… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Flux159 | mcp-server-kubernetes |
Affected:
0 , < 3.9.0
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:suyogs:mcp-server-kubernetes:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:* |
Date Public
2026-07-08 00:00
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CVE-2026-57572 (GCVE-0-2026-57572)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-06 20:16 – Updated: 2026-07-08 19:42
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Crawl4AI: Unauthenticated RCE via Chromium launch-argument injection in browser_config.extra_args
Summary
Crawl4AI is an open-source LLM-friendly web crawler and scraper. Prior to 0.9.0, the Docker API server accepted request-supplied browser_config.extra_args, which flowed into Chromium's launch arguments. An attacker could inject Chromium switches that replace a child-process launch command together with --no-zygote, causing Chromium to fork or exec an attacker-controlled command as the container's runtime user. The Docker API is unauthenticated by default, so a single request yields arbitrary command execution. This issue is fixed in version 0.9.0.
Severity
10 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-08 17:13 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/unclecode/crawl4ai/security/ad… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/unclecode/crawl4ai/commit/6088… | x_refsource_MISC |
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Mitigation
Implementation
Strategy: Parameterization
Where possible, avoid building a single string that contains the command and its arguments. Some languages or frameworks have functions that support specifying independent arguments, e.g. as an array, which is used to automatically perform the appropriate quoting or escaping while building the command. For example, in PHP, escapeshellarg() can be used to escape a single argument to system(), or exec() can be called with an array of arguments. In C, code can often be refactored from using system() - which accepts a single string - to using exec(), which requires separate function arguments for each parameter.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Input Validation
Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your product: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, request headers as well as content, URL components, e-mail, files, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Perform input validation at well-defined interfaces.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Implementation
Directly convert your input type into the expected data type, such as using a conversion function that translates a string into a number. After converting to the expected data type, ensure that the input's values fall within the expected range of allowable values and that multi-field consistencies are maintained.
Mitigation
Implementation
- Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180, CWE-181). Make sure that your application does not inadvertently decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked. Use libraries such as the OWASP ESAPI Canonicalization control.
- Consider performing repeated canonicalization until your input does not change any more. This will avoid double-decoding and similar scenarios, but it might inadvertently modify inputs that are allowed to contain properly-encoded dangerous content.
Mitigation
Implementation
When exchanging data between components, ensure that both components are using the same character encoding. Ensure that the proper encoding is applied at each interface. Explicitly set the encoding you are using whenever the protocol allows you to do so.
Mitigation
Implementation
When your application combines data from multiple sources, perform the validation after the sources have been combined. The individual data elements may pass the validation step but violate the intended restrictions after they have been combined.
Mitigation
Testing
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
CAPEC-137: Parameter Injection
An adversary manipulates the content of request parameters for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. Some parameter encodings use text characters as separators. For example, parameters in a HTTP GET message are encoded as name-value pairs separated by an ampersand (&). If an attacker can supply text strings that are used to fill in these parameters, then they can inject special characters used in the encoding scheme to add or modify parameters. For example, if user input is fed directly into an HTTP GET request and the user provides the value "myInput&new_param=myValue", then the input parameter is set to myInput, but a new parameter (new_param) is also added with a value of myValue. This can significantly change the meaning of the query that is processed by the server. Any encoding scheme where parameters are identified and separated by text characters is potentially vulnerable to this attack - the HTTP GET encoding used above is just one example.
CAPEC-174: Flash Parameter Injection
An adversary takes advantage of improper data validation to inject malicious global parameters into a Flash file embedded within an HTML document. Flash files can leverage user-submitted data to configure the Flash document and access the embedding HTML document.
CAPEC-41: Using Meta-characters in E-mail Headers to Inject Malicious Payloads
This type of attack involves an attacker leveraging meta-characters in email headers to inject improper behavior into email programs. Email software has become increasingly sophisticated and feature-rich. In addition, email applications are ubiquitous and connected directly to the Web making them ideal targets to launch and propagate attacks. As the user demand for new functionality in email applications grows, they become more like browsers with complex rendering and plug in routines. As more email functionality is included and abstracted from the user, this creates opportunities for attackers. Virtually all email applications do not list email header information by default, however the email header contains valuable attacker vectors for the attacker to exploit particularly if the behavior of the email client application is known. Meta-characters are hidden from the user, but can contain scripts, enumerations, probes, and other attacks against the user's system.
CAPEC-460: HTTP Parameter Pollution (HPP)
An adversary adds duplicate HTTP GET/POST parameters by injecting query string delimiters. Via HPP it may be possible to override existing hardcoded HTTP parameters, modify the application behaviors, access and, potentially exploit, uncontrollable variables, and bypass input validation checkpoints and WAF rules.
CAPEC-88: OS Command Injection
In this type of an attack, an adversary injects operating system commands into existing application functions. An application that uses untrusted input to build command strings is vulnerable. An adversary can leverage OS command injection in an application to elevate privileges, execute arbitrary commands and compromise the underlying operating system.