CVE-2026-98231 (GCVE-0-2026-98231)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-06 08:45 – Updated: 2026-10-06 08:45
VLAI
Title
xfrm: serialize state GC with device state flush
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xfrm: serialize state GC with device state flush The deferred-device pass in xfrm_dev_state_flush() finds states under xfrm_state_dev_gc_lock, but drops the lock before calling xfrm_dev_state_free() because the driver callback may sleep. The device GC list does not hold an xfrm_state reference, so the state GC worker can destroy the same state concurrently. The race can proceed as follows: CPU 0 CPU 1 find x on the device GC list drop xfrm_state_dev_gc_lock read x->xso.dev xfrm_state_gc_destroy(x) xfrm_dev_state_free(x) xfrm_state_free(x) continue xfrm_dev_state_free(x) Both paths can invoke the driver callback and drop the device reference. CPU 0 can also access the xfrm_state after CPU 1 has freed it. KASAN reported: BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in xfrm_dev_state_free+0x24c/0x2a0 Read of size 8 at addr ffff88810bbaa960 by task poc/102 Call Trace: xfrm_dev_state_free+0x24c/0x2a0 xfrm_dev_state_flush+0x353/0x400 xfrm_dev_event+0x26d/0x3a0 notifier_call_chain+0xc0/0x280 __dev_notify_flags+0x169/0x250 netif_change_flags+0xe7/0x160 dev_change_flags+0x96/0x220 devinet_ioctl+0x7f4/0x1880 Allocated by task 87: xfrm_state_alloc+0x1e/0x5c0 xfrm_add_sa+0xe7f/0x5820 xfrm_user_rcv_msg+0x4f3/0x940 Freed by task 57: kmem_cache_free+0xcb/0x3d0 xfrm_state_gc_task+0x4a8/0x650 process_one_work+0x63a/0x1070 Serialize xfrm_state destruction against the deferred-device pass with a mutex. Keep xfrm_state_dev_gc_lock limited to list operations and retain the existing callback and device-reference release ordering.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
Assigner
Linux CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard D 54/100 over 6633 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: d5f53edd43daf3e6e1633a49c561387f8f99e13f , < 937108dc0258d6ac69926b00bc53598c98986ee1 (git)
Affected: 07b87f9eea0c30675084d50c82532d20168da009 , < 39e41af3653ee45c985190dd97426f318918d201 (git)
Affected: 07b87f9eea0c30675084d50c82532d20168da009 , < 75fc4561772e2f9811abf39ed10443e6f4a4bc6c (git)
Affected: 07b87f9eea0c30675084d50c82532d20168da009 , < 84e378395494963b1e581cf223a7cbeec8c0e2d6 (git)
Affected: 07b87f9eea0c30675084d50c82532d20168da009 , < 89fefad9f971bc637fb22373078144f2563c4be9 (git)
Affected: 8ecee44464a4926c9bef989a1490b7394785f584 (git)
Affected: 6.6.44 , < 6.6.158 (semver)
Affected: 6.10.3 , < 6.11 (semver)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Linux Linux Affected: 6.11
Unaffected: 0 , < 6.11 (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.158 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.112 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.54 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.2.8 , ≤ 7.2.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.3-rc4 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
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{
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          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
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              "operator": "OR"
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      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nxfrm: serialize state GC with device state flush\n\nThe deferred-device pass in xfrm_dev_state_flush() finds states under\nxfrm_state_dev_gc_lock, but drops the lock before calling\nxfrm_dev_state_free() because the driver callback may sleep.  The device\nGC list does not hold an xfrm_state reference, so the state GC worker can\ndestroy the same state concurrently.\n\nThe race can proceed as follows:\n\n  CPU 0                               CPU 1\n  find x on the device GC list\n  drop xfrm_state_dev_gc_lock\n  read x-\u003exso.dev\n                                      xfrm_state_gc_destroy(x)\n                                      xfrm_dev_state_free(x)\n                                      xfrm_state_free(x)\n  continue xfrm_dev_state_free(x)\n\nBoth paths can invoke the driver callback and drop the device reference.\nCPU 0 can also access the xfrm_state after CPU 1 has freed it.\n\nKASAN reported:\n\n  BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in xfrm_dev_state_free+0x24c/0x2a0\n  Read of size 8 at addr ffff88810bbaa960 by task poc/102\n\n  Call Trace:\n   xfrm_dev_state_free+0x24c/0x2a0\n   xfrm_dev_state_flush+0x353/0x400\n   xfrm_dev_event+0x26d/0x3a0\n   notifier_call_chain+0xc0/0x280\n   __dev_notify_flags+0x169/0x250\n   netif_change_flags+0xe7/0x160\n   dev_change_flags+0x96/0x220\n   devinet_ioctl+0x7f4/0x1880\n\n  Allocated by task 87:\n   xfrm_state_alloc+0x1e/0x5c0\n   xfrm_add_sa+0xe7f/0x5820\n   xfrm_user_rcv_msg+0x4f3/0x940\n\n  Freed by task 57:\n   kmem_cache_free+0xcb/0x3d0\n   xfrm_state_gc_task+0x4a8/0x650\n   process_one_work+0x63a/0x1070\n\nSerialize xfrm_state destruction against the deferred-device pass with a\nmutex.  Keep xfrm_state_dev_gc_lock limited to list operations and retain\nthe existing callback and device-reference release ordering."
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-10-06T08:45:05.183Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/39e41af3653ee45c985190dd97426f318918d201"
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/75fc4561772e2f9811abf39ed10443e6f4a4bc6c"
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        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/89fefad9f971bc637fb22373078144f2563c4be9"
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      "title": "xfrm: serialize state GC with device state flush",
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    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-98231",
    "datePublished": "2026-10-06T08:45:05.183Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-09-25T10:25:14.328Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-10-06T08:45:05.183Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
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      "date": "2026-10-09",
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                "product": "Linux",
                "programFiles": [
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        "descriptions": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nxfrm: serialize state GC with device state flush\n\nThe deferred-device pass in xfrm_dev_state_flush() finds states under\nxfrm_state_dev_gc_lock, but drops the lock before calling\nxfrm_dev_state_free() because the driver callback may sleep.  The device\nGC list does not hold an xfrm_state reference, so the state GC worker can\ndestroy the same state concurrently.\n\nThe race can proceed as follows:\n\n  CPU 0                               CPU 1\n  find x on the device GC list\n  drop xfrm_state_dev_gc_lock\n  read x-\u003exso.dev\n                                      xfrm_state_gc_destroy(x)\n                                      xfrm_dev_state_free(x)\n                                      xfrm_state_free(x)\n  continue xfrm_dev_state_free(x)\n\nBoth paths can invoke the driver callback and drop the device reference.\nCPU 0 can also access the xfrm_state after CPU 1 has freed it.\n\nKASAN reported:\n\n  BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in xfrm_dev_state_free+0x24c/0x2a0\n  Read of size 8 at addr ffff88810bbaa960 by task poc/102\n\n  Call Trace:\n   xfrm_dev_state_free+0x24c/0x2a0\n   xfrm_dev_state_flush+0x353/0x400\n   xfrm_dev_event+0x26d/0x3a0\n   notifier_call_chain+0xc0/0x280\n   __dev_notify_flags+0x169/0x250\n   netif_change_flags+0xe7/0x160\n   dev_change_flags+0x96/0x220\n   devinet_ioctl+0x7f4/0x1880\n\n  Allocated by task 87:\n   xfrm_state_alloc+0x1e/0x5c0\n   xfrm_add_sa+0xe7f/0x5820\n   xfrm_user_rcv_msg+0x4f3/0x940\n\n  Freed by task 57:\n   kmem_cache_free+0xcb/0x3d0\n   xfrm_state_gc_task+0x4a8/0x650\n   process_one_work+0x63a/0x1070\n\nSerialize xfrm_state destruction against the deferred-device pass with a\nmutex.  Keep xfrm_state_dev_gc_lock limited to list operations and retain\nthe existing callback and device-reference release ordering."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2026-98231",
        "lastModified": "2026-10-06T09:18:10.540",
        "metrics": {},
        "published": "2026-10-06T09:18:10.540",
        "references": [
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
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        "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "vulnStatus": "Received"
      }
    },
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-10-09T16:43:08+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-98231",
      "id": "CVE-2026-98231",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-10-06T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_affected": "184",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "93",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: xfrm: serialize state GC with device state flush",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-98231.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "suse_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-10-08T16:49:45Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-98231",
      "id": "CVE-2026-98231",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-10-08T16:49:45Z",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "347",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2026-98231",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2026-98231.json",
      "version": "2"
    }
  }
}



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