CVE-2026-98229 (GCVE-0-2026-98229)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-06 08:45 – Updated: 2026-10-07 06:49
VLAI
Title
xfrm: save input state data before secpath resets
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xfrm: save input state data before secpath resets xfrm_input() stores the current xfrm_state in the skb secpath while it continues receive-side processing. Some input paths can reset that secpath before xfrm_input() has finished dereferencing the state. Receive callback users such as VTI and XFRM interfaces can reset the secpath. The VTI receive path does so before checking whether the packet crosses network namespaces, while the XFRM interface path does so only for cross-network-namespace packets. The XFRM_MAX_DEPTH error path can also reset the secpath before the final drop callback reports the current state's protocol. If secpath_reset() drops the last state reference while the state is concurrently deleted, xfrm_input() can still dereference the freed state when selecting transport_finish() or reporting the drop callback protocol. Save the state protocol on the stack while the state is still valid, and use the already saved address family for transport_finish(). A larval XFRM_STATE_ACQ state has no type, so retain nexthdr as its protocol. This preserves the existing drop-path fallback while avoiding the post-reset state dereferences without adding an extra state reference to every received packet.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
Linux CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard D 54/100 over 6633 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: df3893c176e9b0bb39b28ab5ec8113fa20ad1ee0 , < 35de97850987b3d022ed17df5b2577242e746daf (git)
Affected: df3893c176e9b0bb39b28ab5ec8113fa20ad1ee0 , < 148db154066b066616b82c12d373e786eba1f96a (git)
Affected: df3893c176e9b0bb39b28ab5ec8113fa20ad1ee0 , < 537a5ae18b2be70f8eb0aca843682e81a69aab91 (git)
Affected: df3893c176e9b0bb39b28ab5ec8113fa20ad1ee0 , < 3cf5cdecd99c9c186a5ea518d93bbf3045b6e3aa (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 3.15
Unaffected: 0 , < 3.15 (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.112 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.54 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.2.8 , ≤ 7.2.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.3-rc4 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "net/xfrm/xfrm_input.c"
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          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
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              "version": "3.15"
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              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
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              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.112",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
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              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.18.54",
              "versionType": "semver"
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          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nxfrm: save input state data before secpath resets\n\nxfrm_input() stores the current xfrm_state in the skb secpath while it\ncontinues receive-side processing. Some input paths can reset that secpath\nbefore xfrm_input() has finished dereferencing the state.\n\nReceive callback users such as VTI and XFRM interfaces can reset the\nsecpath. The VTI receive path does so before checking whether the packet\ncrosses network namespaces, while the XFRM interface path does so only for\ncross-network-namespace packets. The XFRM_MAX_DEPTH error path can also\nreset the secpath before the final drop callback reports the current\nstate\u0027s protocol.\n\nIf secpath_reset() drops the last state reference while the state is\nconcurrently deleted, xfrm_input() can still dereference the freed state\nwhen selecting transport_finish() or reporting the drop callback protocol.\n\nSave the state protocol on the stack while the state is still valid,\nand use the already saved address family for transport_finish(). A larval\nXFRM_STATE_ACQ state has no type, so retain nexthdr as its protocol. This\npreserves the existing drop-path fallback while avoiding the post-reset\nstate dereferences without adding an extra state reference to every\nreceived packet."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
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            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - Freeing the state requires deleting the SA while xfrm_input() is still using it; the packet bytes themselves are not malformed. The attacker who can both inject ESP into a VTI/xfrmi device and send XFRM_MSG_DELSA is a local user acting through netlink in their own netns. A remote IPsec peer cannot delete the SA at will.\nAC:L - placeholder\nPR:L - placeholder\nUI:N - placeholder\nS:U - placeholder\nC:H - placeholder\nI:H - placeholder\nA:H - placeholder"
            }
          ]
        }
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      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-10-07T06:49:32.876Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/35de97850987b3d022ed17df5b2577242e746daf"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/148db154066b066616b82c12d373e786eba1f96a"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/537a5ae18b2be70f8eb0aca843682e81a69aab91"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3cf5cdecd99c9c186a5ea518d93bbf3045b6e3aa"
        }
      ],
      "title": "xfrm: save input state data before secpath resets",
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      }
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    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-98229",
    "datePublished": "2026-10-06T08:45:03.904Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-09-25T10:25:14.328Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-10-07T06:49:32.876Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
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            "lang": "en",
            "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nxfrm: save input state data before secpath resets\n\nxfrm_input() stores the current xfrm_state in the skb secpath while it\ncontinues receive-side processing. Some input paths can reset that secpath\nbefore xfrm_input() has finished dereferencing the state.\n\nReceive callback users such as VTI and XFRM interfaces can reset the\nsecpath. The VTI receive path does so before checking whether the packet\ncrosses network namespaces, while the XFRM interface path does so only for\ncross-network-namespace packets. The XFRM_MAX_DEPTH error path can also\nreset the secpath before the final drop callback reports the current\nstate\u0027s protocol.\n\nIf secpath_reset() drops the last state reference while the state is\nconcurrently deleted, xfrm_input() can still dereference the freed state\nwhen selecting transport_finish() or reporting the drop callback protocol.\n\nSave the state protocol on the stack while the state is still valid,\nand use the already saved address family for transport_finish(). A larval\nXFRM_STATE_ACQ state has no type, so retain nexthdr as its protocol. This\npreserves the existing drop-path fallback while avoiding the post-reset\nstate dereferences without adding an extra state reference to every\nreceived packet."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2026-98229",
        "lastModified": "2026-10-07T07:17:05.543",
        "metrics": {
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                "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
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                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
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        "vulnStatus": "Received"
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    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-10-09T16:43:00+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-98229",
      "id": "CVE-2026-98229",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-10-06T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_affected": "277",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: xfrm: save input state data before secpath resets",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-98229.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "suse_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-10-08T16:49:47Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-98229",
      "id": "CVE-2026-98229",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-10-08T16:49:47Z",
      "product_status:known_affected": "338",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "9",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2026-98229",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2026-98229.json",
      "version": "2"
    }
  }
}



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Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
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  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.



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