Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2026-85394 (GCVE-0-2026-85394)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-03 18:54 – Updated: 2026-09-14 13:50

Title

python-jose through 3.5.0 Algorithm Confusion via DER-encoded Public Key as HMAC Secret

Summary

python-jose through 3.5.0 fails to properly validate asymmetric keys in HMAC initialization, accepting DER-encoded public keys that lack PEM armor or SSH prefixes. Attackers holding the service's public key can forge HS256 tokens that pass verification when algorithms are not explicitly restricted. This is an incomplete fix for CVE-2024-33663.

Severity

9.3 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

9.1 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-09-14 13:05 UTC

CWE

CWE-347 - Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature

Assigner

VulnCheck mitre root

References

6 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/mpdavis/python-jose/issues/414	issue-tracking
https://github.com/mpdavis/python-jose	product
https://github.com/mpdavis/python-jose/blob/018b3…	technical-description
https://github.com/mpdavis/python-jose/blob/018b3…	technical-description
https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-6c5p-j8vq-pqhj	related
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/python-jose-…	third-party-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version	CPE status
mpdavis	python-jose	Affected: 0 , ≤ 3.5.0 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:python-jose_project:python-jose::::::::

Date Public

2026-07-06 00:00

Credits

George Chen

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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FKIE_CVE-2026-85394

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-09-03 19:17 - Updated: 2026-09-14 14:17

Severity

9.1 (Critical) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

Summary

References

	URL	Tags
	disclosure@vulncheck.com	https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-6c5p-j8vq-pqhj
	disclosure@vulncheck.com	https://github.com/mpdavis/python-jose
	disclosure@vulncheck.com	https://github.com/mpdavis/python-jose/blob/018b310ddb8b50dcfd09a0c152117835a21dd656/jose/backends/native.py
	disclosure@vulncheck.com	https://github.com/mpdavis/python-jose/blob/018b310ddb8b50dcfd09a0c152117835a21dd656/jose/utils.py
	disclosure@vulncheck.com	https://github.com/mpdavis/python-jose/issues/414
	disclosure@vulncheck.com	https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/python-jose-through-3.5.0-algorithm-confusion-via-der-encoded-public-key-as-hmac-secret

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

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      }
    ],
    "ssvcV203": [
      {
        "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
        "ssvcData": {
          "id": "CVE-2026-85394",
          "options": [
            {
              "exploitation": "none"
            },
            {
              "automatable": "no"
            },
            {
              "technicalImpact": "total"
            }
          ],
          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "timestamp": "2026-09-14T13:05:35.325975Z",
          "version": "2.0.3"
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2026-09-03T19:17:31.257",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-6c5p-j8vq-pqhj"
    },
    {
      "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/mpdavis/python-jose"
    },
    {
      "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/mpdavis/python-jose/blob/018b310ddb8b50dcfd09a0c152117835a21dd656/jose/backends/native.py"
    },
    {
      "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/mpdavis/python-jose/blob/018b310ddb8b50dcfd09a0c152117835a21dd656/jose/utils.py"
    },
    {
      "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/mpdavis/python-jose/issues/414"
    },
    {
      "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/python-jose-through-3.5.0-algorithm-confusion-via-der-encoded-public-key-as-hmac-secret"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
  "vulnStatus": "Received",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-347"
        }
      ],
      "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
      "type": "Secondary"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-3QF3-8W2G-RQMX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-03 21:31 – Updated: 2026-09-03 21:31

Details

Severity

9.1 (Critical)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

9.3 (Critical)


                  
                    CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-85394"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-347"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-09-03T19:17:31Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "python-jose through 3.5.0 fails to properly validate asymmetric keys in HMAC initialization, accepting DER-encoded public keys that lack PEM armor or SSH prefixes. Attackers holding the service\u0027s public key can forge HS256 tokens that pass verification when algorithms are not explicitly restricted. This is an incomplete fix for CVE-2024-33663.",
  "id": "GHSA-3qf3-8w2g-rqmx",
  "modified": "2026-09-03T21:31:16Z",
  "published": "2026-09-03T21:31:15Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-85394"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mpdavis/python-jose/issues/414"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-6c5p-j8vq-pqhj"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mpdavis/python-jose"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mpdavis/python-jose/blob/018b310ddb8b50dcfd09a0c152117835a21dd656/jose/backends/native.py"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mpdavis/python-jose/blob/018b310ddb8b50dcfd09a0c152117835a21dd656/jose/utils.py"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/python-jose-through-3.5.0-algorithm-confusion-via-der-encoded-public-key-as-hmac-secret"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

ubuntu-cve-2026-85394

Vulnerability from osv_ubuntu

Published

2026-09-03 19:17

Modified

2026-09-16 11:43

Summary

Details

Severity

9.1 (Critical)


                    
                      CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

9.3 (Critical)


                    
                      CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

N/A (UNKNOWN)


                    
                      medium

References

URL

Type

	https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-85394	REPORT
	https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-85394	REPORT
	https://github.com/mpdavis/python-jose/issues/414	REPORT
	https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-6c5p-j8vq-pqhj	REPORT
	https://github.com/mpdavis/python-jose	REPORT
	https://github.com/mpdavis/python-jose/blob/018b3…	REPORT
	https://github.com/mpdavis/python-jose/blob/018b3…	REPORT
	https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/python-jose-…	REPORT

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "ecosystem_specific": {
        "binaries": [
          {
            "binary_name": "python3-jose",
            "binary_version": "3.3.0+dfsg-1"
          }
        ]
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Ubuntu:22.04:LTS",
        "name": "python-jose",
        "purl": "pkg:deb/ubuntu/python-jose@3.3.0+dfsg-1?arch=source\u0026distro=jammy"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "3.3.0+dfsg-1"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ecosystem_specific": {
        "binaries": [
          {
            "binary_name": "python3-jose",
            "binary_version": "3.3.0+dfsg-4"
          }
        ]
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Ubuntu:24.04:LTS",
        "name": "python-jose",
        "purl": "pkg:deb/ubuntu/python-jose@3.3.0+dfsg-4?arch=source\u0026distro=noble"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "3.3.0+dfsg-4"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "details": "python-jose through 3.5.0 fails to properly validate asymmetric keys in HMAC initialization, accepting DER-encoded public keys that lack PEM armor or SSH prefixes. Attackers holding the service\u0027s public key can forge HS256 tokens that pass verification when algorithms are not explicitly restricted. This is an incomplete fix for CVE-2024-33663.",
  "id": "UBUNTU-CVE-2026-85394",
  "modified": "2026-09-16T11:43:10Z",
  "published": "2026-09-03T19:17:00Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-85394"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-85394"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://github.com/mpdavis/python-jose/issues/414"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-6c5p-j8vq-pqhj"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://github.com/mpdavis/python-jose"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://github.com/mpdavis/python-jose/blob/018b310ddb8b50dcfd09a0c152117835a21dd656/jose/backends/native.py"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://github.com/mpdavis/python-jose/blob/018b310ddb8b50dcfd09a0c152117835a21dd656/jose/utils.py"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/python-jose-through-3.5.0-algorithm-confusion-via-der-encoded-public-key-as-hmac-secret"
    }
  ],
  "related": [],
  "schema_version": "1.7.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    },
    {
      "score": "medium",
      "type": "Ubuntu"
    }
  ],
  "upstream": [
    "CVE-2026-85394"
  ]
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

Action not permitted

CVE-2026-85394 (GCVE-0-2026-85394)

FKIE_CVE-2026-85394

GHSA-3QF3-8W2G-RQMX

ubuntu-cve-2026-85394

Vulnerability from osv_ubuntu

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature

Related by attack behaviour