GCVE Workshop - 22 September 2026 (14:00-18:00), Luxembourg Before The Vulnopticon Conference - Registration

CVE-2026-65905 (GCVE-0-2026-65905)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-25 21:51 – Updated: 2026-08-26 15:21
VLAI
Title
Apache Tomcat: Limited replay attack possible with DIGEST authentication
Summary
Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay vulnerability in Apache Tomcat's DIGEST authenticator. If, before windowSize requests have been made, a client makes a DIGEST authenticated request with a nonceCount on the upper boundary of the replay window then that request is replayable once only while the associated nonceCount remains within the replay window.   This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.24, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.57, from 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.120. The following versions were EOL at the time the CVE was created but are known to be affected: from 8.5.0 through 8.5.100, from 7.0.30 through 7.0.109. Other unsupported versions may also be affected. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.25, 10.1.58 or 9.0.121, which fix the issue.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-26 15:20 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-294 - Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Apache Software Foundation Apache Tomcat Affected: 11.0.0-M1 , ≤ 11.0.24 (semver)
Affected: 10.1.0-M1 , ≤ 10.1.57 (semver)
Affected: 9.0.0.M1 , ≤ 9.0.120 (semver)
Affected: 8.5.0 , ≤ 8.5.100 (semver)
Affected: 7.0.30 , ≤ 7.0.109 (semver)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Credits
4ra1n, pyn3rd and unam4
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-08-26T02:30:37.048Z",
          "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "shortName": "CVE"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/08/26/4"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      },
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "cvssV3_1": {
              "attackComplexity": "LOW",
              "attackVector": "NETWORK",
              "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
              "baseScore": 9.8,
              "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
              "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
              "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
              "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
              "scope": "UNCHANGED",
              "userInteraction": "NONE",
              "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
              "version": "3.1"
            }
          },
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-65905",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-08-26T15:20:56.087834Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-08-26T15:21:11.604Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Apache Tomcat",
          "vendor": "Apache Software Foundation",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "11.0.24",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "11.0.0-M1",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "10.1.57",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.1.0-M1",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "9.0.120",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.0.0.M1",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "8.5.100",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.5.0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "7.0.109",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.0.30",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "4ra1n, pyn3rd and unam4"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "\u003cp\u003eAuthentication Bypass by Capture-replay vulnerability in Apache Tomcat\u0027s DIGEST authenticator. If, before windowSize requests have been made, a client makes a DIGEST \nauthenticated request with a nonceCount on the upper boundary of the \nreplay window then that request is replayable once only while the \nassociated nonceCount remains within the replay window.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\n\u003cbr\u003eThis issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.24, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.57, from 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.120.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe following versions were EOL at the time the CVE was created but are \nknown to be affected:\u0026nbsp;from 8.5.0 through 8.5.100, from 7.0.30 through 7.0.109. Other unsupported versions may also be affected.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eUsers are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.25, 10.1.58 or 9.0.121, which fix the issue.\u003c/p\u003e"
            }
          ],
          "value": "Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay vulnerability in Apache Tomcat\u0027s DIGEST authenticator. If, before windowSize requests have been made, a client makes a DIGEST \nauthenticated request with a nonceCount on the upper boundary of the \nreplay window then that request is replayable once only while the \nassociated nonceCount remains within the replay window.\n\n\n\n\u00a0\n\nThis issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.24, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.57, from 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.120.\n\n\n\nThe following versions were EOL at the time the CVE was created but are \nknown to be affected:\u00a0from 8.5.0 through 8.5.100, from 7.0.30 through 7.0.109. Other unsupported versions may also be affected.\n\n\n\nUsers are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.25, 10.1.58 or 9.0.121, which fix the issue."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "other": {
            "content": {
              "text": "low"
            },
            "type": "Textual description of severity"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-294",
              "description": "CWE-294 Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-25T21:51:33.307Z",
        "orgId": "f0158376-9dc2-43b6-827c-5f631a4d8d09",
        "shortName": "apache"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "vendor-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/9v114xlpgbzrrbzz5vf9f6r2q4wnxwwj"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "EXTERNAL"
      },
      "title": "Apache Tomcat: Limited replay attack possible with DIGEST authentication",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "f0158376-9dc2-43b6-827c-5f631a4d8d09",
    "assignerShortName": "apache",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-65905",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-25T21:51:33.307Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-07-23T12:14:17.351Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-26T15:21:11.604Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-65905",
      "date": "2026-09-02",
      "epss": "0.00769",
      "percentile": "0.53136"
    },
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2026-65905\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"security@apache.org\",\"published\":\"2026-08-25T22:17:05.303\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-08-27T15:17:49.277\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Analyzed\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay vulnerability in Apache Tomcat\u0027s DIGEST authenticator. If, before windowSize requests have been made, a client makes a DIGEST \\nauthenticated request with a nonceCount on the upper boundary of the \\nreplay window then that request is replayable once only while the \\nassociated nonceCount remains within the replay window.\\n\\n\\n\\n\u00a0\\n\\nThis issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.24, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.57, from 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.120.\\n\\n\\n\\nThe following versions were EOL at the time the CVE was created but are \\nknown to be affected:\u00a0from 8.5.0 through 8.5.100, from 7.0.30 through 7.0.109. Other unsupported versions may also be affected.\\n\\n\\n\\nUsers are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.25, 10.1.58 or 9.0.121, which fix the issue.\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"security@apache.org\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Apache Software Foundation\",\"product\":\"Apache Tomcat\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"11.0.0-M1\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"11.0.24\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"10.1.0-M1\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"10.1.57\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"9.0.0.M1\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"9.0.120\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"8.5.0\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"8.5.100\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"7.0.30\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"7.0.109\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":9.8,\"baseSeverity\":\"CRITICAL\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"NONE\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":3.9,\"impactScore\":5.9}],\"ssvcV203\":[{\"source\":\"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\",\"ssvcData\":{\"timestamp\":\"2026-08-26T15:20:56.087834Z\",\"id\":\"CVE-2026-65905\",\"options\":[{\"exploitation\":\"none\"},{\"automatable\":\"yes\"},{\"technicalImpact\":\"total\"}],\"role\":\"CISA Coordinator\",\"version\":\"2.0.3\"}}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"security@apache.org\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-294\"}]}],\"configurations\":[{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"7.0.30\",\"versionEndIncluding\":\"7.0.109\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"35BA6F8E-F0FE-45C1-AD04-576025B89780\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"8.5.0\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"9.0.121\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"9F374FF7-8FFF-476A-8F8B-7BD7597FD546\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"10.1.0\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"10.1.58\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"DA02FDED-4F4C-4869-ADE9-03940EFA84FA\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"11.0.0\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"11.0.25\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"AAF1D122-DBBD-4352-A9DB-61BC216F2C45\"}]}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://lists.apache.org/thread/9v114xlpgbzrrbzz5vf9f6r2q4wnxwwj\",\"source\":\"security@apache.org\",\"tags\":[\"Vendor Advisory\",\"Mailing List\"]},{\"url\":\"http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/08/26/4\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Third Party Advisory\",\"Mailing List\"]}]}}",
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-09-03T02:17:22+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-65905",
      "id": "CVE-2026-65905",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-08-25T21:51:33.307000+00:00",
      "product_status:fixed": "2",
      "product_status:known_affected": "4",
      "product_status:under_investigation": "61",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "tomcat: Apache Tomcat: Authentication bypass via limited replay attack in DIGEST authenticator",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-65905.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "suse_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-08-31T16:29:04Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-65905",
      "id": "CVE-2026-65905",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-08-27T00:25:33Z",
      "product_status:known_affected": "496",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "1",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2026-65905",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2026-65905.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": "{\"adp\": [{\"title\": \"CVE Program Container\", \"references\": [{\"url\": \"http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/08/26/4\"}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\", \"shortName\": \"CVE\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-08-26T02:30:37.048Z\"}}, {\"title\": \"CISA ADP Vulnrichment\", \"metrics\": [{\"cvssV3_1\": {\"scope\": \"UNCHANGED\", \"version\": \"3.1\", \"baseScore\": 9.8, \"attackVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"baseSeverity\": \"CRITICAL\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\", \"integrityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"NONE\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"HIGH\"}}, {\"other\": {\"type\": \"ssvc\", \"content\": {\"id\": \"CVE-2026-65905\", \"role\": \"CISA Coordinator\", \"options\": [{\"Exploitation\": \"none\"}, {\"Automatable\": \"yes\"}, {\"Technical Impact\": \"total\"}], \"version\": \"2.0.3\", \"timestamp\": \"2026-08-26T15:20:56.087834Z\"}}}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\", \"shortName\": \"CISA-ADP\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-08-26T15:21:06.650Z\"}}], \"cna\": {\"title\": \"Apache Tomcat: Limited replay attack possible with DIGEST authentication\", \"source\": {\"discovery\": \"EXTERNAL\"}, \"credits\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"finder\", \"value\": \"4ra1n, pyn3rd and unam4\"}], \"metrics\": [{\"other\": {\"type\": \"Textual description of severity\", \"content\": {\"text\": \"low\"}}, \"scenarios\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"GENERAL\"}]}], \"affected\": [{\"vendor\": \"Apache Software Foundation\", \"product\": \"Apache Tomcat\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"11.0.0-M1\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"11.0.24\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"10.1.0-M1\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"10.1.57\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"9.0.0.M1\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"9.0.120\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"8.5.0\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"8.5.100\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"7.0.30\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"7.0.109\"}], \"defaultStatus\": \"unaffected\"}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://lists.apache.org/thread/9v114xlpgbzrrbzz5vf9f6r2q4wnxwwj\", \"tags\": [\"vendor-advisory\"]}], \"x_generator\": {\"engine\": \"Vulnogram 0.2.0\"}, \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay vulnerability in Apache Tomcat\u0027s DIGEST authenticator. If, before windowSize requests have been made, a client makes a DIGEST \\nauthenticated request with a nonceCount on the upper boundary of the \\nreplay window then that request is replayable once only while the \\nassociated nonceCount remains within the replay window.\\n\\n\\n\\n\\u00a0\\n\\nThis issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.24, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.57, from 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.120.\\n\\n\\n\\nThe following versions were EOL at the time the CVE was created but are \\nknown to be affected:\\u00a0from 8.5.0 through 8.5.100, from 7.0.30 through 7.0.109. Other unsupported versions may also be affected.\\n\\n\\n\\nUsers are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.25, 10.1.58 or 9.0.121, which fix the issue.\", \"supportingMedia\": [{\"type\": \"text/html\", \"value\": \"\u003cp\u003eAuthentication Bypass by Capture-replay vulnerability in Apache Tomcat\u0027s DIGEST authenticator. If, before windowSize requests have been made, a client makes a DIGEST \\nauthenticated request with a nonceCount on the upper boundary of the \\nreplay window then that request is replayable once only while the \\nassociated nonceCount remains within the replay window.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\\n\u003cbr\u003eThis issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.24, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.57, from 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.120.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe following versions were EOL at the time the CVE was created but are \\nknown to be affected:\u0026nbsp;from 8.5.0 through 8.5.100, from 7.0.30 through 7.0.109. Other unsupported versions may also be affected.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eUsers are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.25, 10.1.58 or 9.0.121, which fix the issue.\u003c/p\u003e\", \"base64\": false}]}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-294\", \"description\": \"CWE-294 Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"f0158376-9dc2-43b6-827c-5f631a4d8d09\", \"shortName\": \"apache\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-08-25T21:51:33.307Z\"}}}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2026-65905\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-08-26T15:21:11.604Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2026-07-23T12:14:17.351Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"f0158376-9dc2-43b6-827c-5f631a4d8d09\", \"datePublished\": \"2026-08-25T21:51:33.307Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"apache\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}



Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.





Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.