CVE-2025-39971 (GCVE-0-2025-39971)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-15 07:55 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:06
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
i40e: fix idx validation in config queues msg
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
i40e: fix idx validation in config queues msg
Ensure idx is within range of active/initialized TCs when iterating over
vf->ch[idx] in i40e_vc_config_queues_msg().
Severity
8.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-16 15:52 UTC
Assigner
References
8 references
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
c27eac48160de72dee33d42b5a33cc7b8a2eb1f5 , < a6ff2af78343eceb0f77ab1a2fe802183bc21648
(git)
Affected: c27eac48160de72dee33d42b5a33cc7b8a2eb1f5 , < f5f91d164af22e7147130ef8bebbdb28d8ecc6e2 (git) Affected: c27eac48160de72dee33d42b5a33cc7b8a2eb1f5 , < 1fa0aadade34481c567cdf4a897c0d4e4d548bd1 (git) Affected: c27eac48160de72dee33d42b5a33cc7b8a2eb1f5 , < 8b9c7719b0987b1c6c5fc910599f3618a558dbde (git) Affected: c27eac48160de72dee33d42b5a33cc7b8a2eb1f5 , < 2cc26dac0518d2fa9b67ec813ee60e183480f98a (git) Affected: c27eac48160de72dee33d42b5a33cc7b8a2eb1f5 , < bfcc1dff429d4b99ba03e40ddacc68ea4be2b32b (git) Affected: c27eac48160de72dee33d42b5a33cc7b8a2eb1f5 , < 5c1f96123113e0bdc6d8dc2b0830184c93da9f65 (git) Affected: c27eac48160de72dee33d42b5a33cc7b8a2eb1f5 , < f1ad24c5abe1eaef69158bac1405a74b3c365115 (git) |
guessed | |
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
4.17
Unaffected: 0 , < 4.17 (semver) Unaffected: 5.4.300 , ≤ 5.4.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.10.245 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.15.194 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.1.155 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.109 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.50 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.16.10 , ≤ 6.16.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.17 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix) |
guessed |
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"current_release_date": "2026-07-30T08:57:08+00:00",
"cve": "CVE-2025-39971",
"id": "CVE-2025-39971",
"initial_release_date": "2025-10-15T00:00:00+00:00",
"product_status:fixed": "2416",
"product_status:known_affected": "22",
"product_status:known_not_affected": "14",
"source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
"status": "final",
"title": "kernel: i40e: fix idx validation in config queues msg",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-39971.json",
"version": "3"
},
"suse_vex": {
"aggregate_severity": "moderate",
"current_release_date": "2026-09-11T01:57:08Z",
"cve": "CVE-2025-39971",
"id": "CVE-2025-39971",
"initial_release_date": "2025-10-16T23:24:42Z",
"product_status:first_fixed": "2",
"product_status:known_affected": "635",
"product_status:known_not_affected": "96",
"product_status:recommended": "603",
"source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
"status": "interim",
"title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2025-39971",
"url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2025-39971.json",
"version": "55"
},
"vulnrichment": {
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
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"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-39971",
"options": [
{
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},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-06-16T15:52:18.829458Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-06-16T15:52:24.239Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
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"product": "Linux",
"programFiles": [
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],
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"vendor": "Linux",
"versions": [
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"vendor": "Linux",
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"version": "5.10.245",
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{
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{
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"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.1.155",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.6.109",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.12.50",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
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"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.16.10",
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},
{
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"status": "unaffected",
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"versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
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"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ni40e: fix idx validation in config queues msg\n\nEnsure idx is within range of active/initialized TCs when iterating over\nvf-\u003ech[idx] in i40e_vc_config_queues_msg()."
}
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"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
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"value": "AV:L - The malicious input arrives as a `VIRTCHNL_OP_CONFIG_VSI_QUEUES` message on the SR-IOV VF\u2192PF admin-queue mailbox, a PCIe transport, not a network protocol. The attacker needs local control of an assigned VF (guest VM or VF-owning container), so this is local reachability rather than network or adjacent.\nAC:L - The attacker fully controls every input \u2014 `num_tc` and per-TC `count` via ENABLE_CHANNELS, then `num_queue_pairs` and the qpair array via CONFIG_VSI_QUEUES \u2014 so shrinking `num_tc` to leave stale `ch[]` entries and then walking `idx` into them is deterministic on the first attempt with no memory grooming or race. The only precondition, spoofchk disabled, is inherent to any ADq-enabled SR-IOV deployment and is a standard runtime configuration.\nPR:L - The attacker only needs to drive the VF\u0027s admin queue \u2014 kernel/root inside the assigned guest, or possession of the VFIO device \u2014 which is a low-privileged position relative to the host PF driver under attack. No privileges of any kind on the host are required.\nUI:N - The malicious VF sends the virtchnl message sequence entirely on its own initiative. No host administrator or other user action is needed at any stage.\nS:C - The attacking VF sits in a guest VM (or VF-assigned container) while the stale-index read and the resulting hardware queue-context programming occur in the host PF driver\u0027s security authority. The corrupted resources \u2014 HMC LAN Tx/Rx contexts and QTX_CTL bindings of VSIs belonging to the PF or to other VFs \u2014 are outside the attacker\u0027s scope, crossing the guest/host and inter-tenant SR-IOV boundary.\nC:H - Using a stale `ch[idx].vsi_id`, the VF resolves and reprograms the Rx queue context of a VSI it does not own, setting `rx_ctx.base` from its own `dma_ring_addr` so another VSI\u0027s received traffic is DMA\u0027d into attacker-designated memory \u2014 interception of host and cross-guest traffic. On pre-5.2 kernels the same defect additionally reads past the end of `vf-\u003ech[]` into adjacent `struct i40e_vf` state.\nI:H - `i40e_config_vsi_rx_queue()` performs no ownership check and `i40e_config_vsi_tx_queue()` validates only the VF-supplied `info-\u003evsi_id`, so the stale ID lets the VF clear and rewrite the LAN HMC Tx/Rx contexts of a foreign VSI\u0027s queues and issue a `QTX_CTL` write rebinding that PF queue to itself. This is attacker-controlled modification of host- and peer-owned hardware state.\nA:H - Clearing and rewriting queue contexts belonging to the PF\u0027s main VSI or another guest\u0027s VSI stalls or wedges those queues, and out-of-range `pf_queue_id` values (`I40E_QUEUE_END_OF_LIST`) drive HMC operations that trigger adapter error paths, PF/VF reset storms and loss of host networking. The VF can repeat the sequence at will, and a downed host PF takes every guest on the adapter with it."
}
]
}
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"title": "i40e: fix idx validation in config queues msg",
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"cveId": "CVE-2025-39971",
"datePublished": "2025-10-15T07:55:54.270Z",
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}
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Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.
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