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CVE-2025-38627 (GCVE-0-2025-38627)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-22 16:00 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:03
VLAI
Title
f2fs: compress: fix UAF of f2fs_inode_info in f2fs_free_dic
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: f2fs: compress: fix UAF of f2fs_inode_info in f2fs_free_dic The decompress_io_ctx may be released asynchronously after I/O completion. If this file is deleted immediately after read, and the kworker of processing post_read_wq has not been executed yet due to high workloads, It is possible that the inode(f2fs_inode_info) is evicted and freed before it is used f2fs_free_dic. The UAF case as below: Thread A Thread B - f2fs_decompress_end_io - f2fs_put_dic - queue_work add free_dic work to post_read_wq - do_unlink - iput - evict - call_rcu This file is deleted after read. Thread C kworker to process post_read_wq - rcu_do_batch - f2fs_free_inode - kmem_cache_free inode is freed by rcu - process_scheduled_works - f2fs_late_free_dic - f2fs_free_dic - f2fs_release_decomp_mem read (dic->inode)->i_compress_algorithm This patch store compress_algorithm and sbi in dic to avoid inode UAF. In addition, the previous solution is deprecated in [1] may cause system hang. [1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/c36ab955-c8db-4a8b-a9d0-f07b5f426c3f@kernel.org
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: bff139b49d9f70c1ac5384aac94554846aa834de , < 74cbeeca4f16823ba58c882e1d8b836c0e39c93d (git)
Affected: bff139b49d9f70c1ac5384aac94554846aa834de , < 5d604d40cd3232b09cb339941ef958e49283ed0a (git)
Affected: bff139b49d9f70c1ac5384aac94554846aa834de , < cc81768212cdc509e5a986274db7bc24d18cde19 (git)
Affected: bff139b49d9f70c1ac5384aac94554846aa834de , < 8fae5b6addd5f6895e03797b56e3c7b9f9cd15c9 (git)
Affected: bff139b49d9f70c1ac5384aac94554846aa834de , < 39868685c2a94a70762bc6d77dc81d781d05bff5 (git)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Linux Linux Affected: 6.0
Unaffected: 0 , < 6.0 (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.175 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.118 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.78 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.16.1 , ≤ 6.16.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.17 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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              "value": "AV:L - The whole sequence \u2014 creating a compressed file via `FS_IOC_SETFLAGS`/`compress_extension`, evicting its page cache with `posix_fadvise()`, reading it, and unlinking it \u2014 is performed through ordinary local syscalls on a mounted f2fs volume. No network protocol, remote peer, or adjacent-network data reaches `f2fs_free_dic()`.\nAC:L - The attacker drives both sides of the race: they submit the compressed read that queues `free_work` and they issue the `close()`/`unlink()` that evicts the inode, and they widen the window at will by saturating `post_read_wq` (bounded `max_active = num_online_cpus()`) with concurrent post-read work so the kworker is delayed past the RCU grace period. Every attempt is free and retryable in a loop, and f2fs compression is a mainstream shipping configuration on Android and embedded devices, not a rare option.\nPR:L - No capability, LSM, or namespace gate exists on the path \u2014 `vfs_fileattr_set()` only requires `inode_owner_or_capable()` on the attacker\u0027s own file, and reading/unlinking a file the attacker created needs nothing beyond normal write access to their own directory. An ordinary user account or an Android app with storage access on a compression-enabled f2fs mount suffices.\nUI:N - The attacking process performs every step itself \u2014 create the compressed file, drop its cache, read it, and delete it. No victim must mount a filesystem, open a file, or take any other action.\nS:U - The freed `f2fs_inode_info`, the wild `sbi`/`cops` dereferences, and any resulting corruption all occur within the same kernel\u0027s security authority. No hypervisor, IOMMU, guest, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - This is a use-after-free read of a `f2fs_inode_cachep` object whose memory the attacker can groom by spraying after the RCU free, so the values pulled out (`inode-\u003ei_sb`, `i_compress_algorithm`) are attacker-influenced; the tainted `i_compress_algorithm` byte then indexes the 4-entry `f2fs_cops[]` array up to 255 entries out of bounds, reading arbitrary adjacent kernel data. Combined with the wild `sbi` deref, the flaw yields a kernel-memory read primitive usable for KASLR defeat and data disclosure.\nI:H - The garbage `cops` obtained from the out-of-bounds `f2fs_cops[]` index is immediately used for the indirect call `cops-\u003edestroy_decompress_ctx(dic)`, a control-flow hijack primitive, and the wild `sbi` is passed to `page_array_free()` which performs `kmem_cache_free(sbi-\u003epage_array_slab, pages)` \u2014 freeing a live object into an attacker-influenced cache pointer, a classic path to arbitrary heap corruption and privilege escalation. Per UAF scoring, heap grooming of the recycled inode slab gives write as well as read primitives.\nA:H - Even unexploited, dereferencing the freed inode\u0027s `i_sb` and calling through an out-of-bounds `f2fs_cops[]` entry oopses or panics the kernel, and it happens inside a `post_read_wq` kworker so the crash wedges the filesystem\u0027s decompression workqueue rather than just one task. The unprivileged attacker can retry the trigger indefinitely, and `panic_on_oops=1` builds (Android, automotive, embedded) take an immediate full system panic."
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            "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nf2fs: compress: fix UAF of f2fs_inode_info in f2fs_free_dic\n\nThe decompress_io_ctx may be released asynchronously after\nI/O completion. If this file is deleted immediately after read,\nand the kworker of processing post_read_wq has not been executed yet\ndue to high workloads, It is possible that the inode(f2fs_inode_info)\nis evicted and freed before it is used f2fs_free_dic.\n\n    The UAF case as below:\n    Thread A                                      Thread B\n    - f2fs_decompress_end_io\n     - f2fs_put_dic\n      - queue_work\n        add free_dic work to post_read_wq\n                                                   - do_unlink\n                                                    - iput\n                                                     - evict\n                                                      - call_rcu\n    This file is deleted after read.\n\n    Thread C                                 kworker to process post_read_wq\n    - rcu_do_batch\n     - f2fs_free_inode\n      - kmem_cache_free\n     inode is freed by rcu\n                                             - process_scheduled_works\n                                              - f2fs_late_free_dic\n                                               - f2fs_free_dic\n                                                - f2fs_release_decomp_mem\n                                      read (dic-\u003einode)-\u003ei_compress_algorithm\n\nThis patch store compress_algorithm and sbi in dic to avoid inode UAF.\n\nIn addition, the previous solution is deprecated in [1] may cause system hang.\n[1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/c36ab955-c8db-4a8b-a9d0-f07b5f426c3f@kernel.org"
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            "value": "En el kernel de Linux, se ha resuelto la siguiente vulnerabilidad: f2fs: compress: fix UAF de f2fs_inode_info en f2fs_free_dic El decompress_io_ctx puede liberarse de forma as\u00edncrona tras la finalizaci\u00f3n de la E/S. Si este archivo se elimina inmediatamente despu\u00e9s de la lectura, y el kworker del procesamiento de post_read_wq a\u00fan no se ha ejecutado debido a las altas cargas de trabajo, es posible que el inodo (f2fs_inode_info) se desaloje y se libere antes de que se use f2fs_free_dic. El caso de UAF como se muestra a continuaci\u00f3n: Hilo A Hilo B - f2fs_decompress_end_io - f2fs_put_dic - queue_work a\u00f1adir trabajo free_dic a post_read_wq - do_unlink - iput - evict - call_rcu Este archivo se elimina tras la lectura. Hilo C kworker para procesar post_read_wq - rcu_do_batch - f2fs_free_inode - kmem_cache_free inodo liberado por rcu - process_scheduled_works - f2fs_late_free_dic - f2fs_free_dic - f2fs_release_decomp_mem lectura (dic-\u0026gt;inode)-\u0026gt;i_compress_algorithm). Este parche almacena compress_algorithm y sbi en dic para evitar el UAF del inodo. Adem\u00e1s, la soluci\u00f3n anterior est\u00e1 obsoleta en [1] y puede causar un bloqueo del sistema. [1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/c36ab955-c8db-4a8b-a9d0-f07b5f426c3f@kernel.org"
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        "id": "CVE-2025-38627",
        "lastModified": "2026-07-30T06:23:32.153",
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          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "vulnStatus": "Modified",
        "weaknesses": [
          {
            "description": [
              {
                "lang": "en",
                "value": "CWE-416"
              }
            ],
            "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
            "type": "Primary"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "None",
      "current_release_date": "2026-06-30T10:22:47+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-38627",
      "id": "CVE-2025-38627",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-08-22T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "274",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: f2fs: compress: fix UAF of f2fs_inode_info in f2fs_free_dic",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-38627.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "suse_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-08-30T01:53:28Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-38627",
      "id": "CVE-2025-38627",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-08-22T23:28:57Z",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "533",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2025-38627",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2025-38627.json",
      "version": "11"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

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Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

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Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.


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