CVE-2023-25158 (GCVE-0-2023-25158)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-02-21 20:57 – Updated: 2025-03-10 21:07Title
Unfiltered SQL Injection in Geotools
Summary
GeoTools is an open source Java library that provides tools for geospatial data. GeoTools includes support for OGC Filter expression language parsing, encoding and execution against a range of datastore. SQL Injection Vulnerabilities have been found when executing OGC Filters with JDBCDataStore implementations. Users are advised to upgrade to either version 27.4 or to 28.2 to resolve this issue. Users unable to upgrade may disable `encode functions` for PostGIS DataStores or enable `prepared statements` for JDBCDataStores as a partial mitigation.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-03-10 20:59 UTC
CWE
- CWE-89 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/geotools/geotools/security/adv… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/geotools/geotools/commit/64fb4… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
Shadowserver
Known Exploited Vulnerability - GCVE BCP-07 Compliant
KEV entry ID: 027ad2e9-5a25-46e2-aad6-dc6c8c7d41a5
Exploited: Yes
Characteristics
Severity:
0.0
Timestamps
First Seen: 2026-08-19
Asserted: 2026-08-19
Last Seen: 2026-08-25
Scope
Asset Exposure: ['internet-facing']
Notes: Affected: Geoserver / Geoserver | Class: other-software | Severity: None (CVSS 0) | IoT: no | In CISA KEV: no | Honeypot connections on 2026-08-25: 306
Evidence
Type: Honeypot
Signal: In The Wild Attempts
Confidence: 70%
Source: shadowserver
Details
| 1D | 2 |
|---|---|
| Iot | no |
| Feed | Shadowserver Foundation honeypot/exploited-vulnerabilities |
| Type | http-scan |
| Class | other-software |
| 7D Avg | 1 |
| Vendor | Geoserver |
| 30D Avg | 0 |
| 90D Avg | 0 |
| Product | Geoserver |
| Cisa Kev | no |
| Connections | 306 |
| Observation Date | 2026-08-25 |
| Vulnerability Class | CVSS |
| Vulnerability Score | 0 |
| Vulnerability Severity | None |
References
Created: 2026-08-21 01:02 UTC
| Updated: 2026-08-27 01:00 UTC
Previdian
Known Exploited Vulnerability - GCVE BCP-07 Compliant
KEV entry ID: a1df9fe0-39f9-4ba8-a3d5-f8e4ab0beae9
Exploited: Yes
Timestamps
First Seen: 2026-08-19
Asserted: 2026-08-19
Scope
Notes: Unfiltered SQL Injection in Geotools | Affected: geotools / geotools | CVSS: 9.8 (CRITICAL) | EPSS: 0.01072 | Used in malware: unknown | Not yet in CISA KEV: True
Evidence
Type: Public Report
Signal: Successful Exploitation
Confidence: 70%
Source: kevintel
Details
| Feed | KEVIntel (kevintel.com) |
|---|---|
| Title | Unfiltered SQL Injection in Geotools |
| Vendor | geotools |
| Product | geotools |
| Added Date | 2026-08-19T00:00:00.000Z |
| Cvss Score | 9.8 |
| Epss Score | 0.01072 |
| Cvss Severity | CRITICAL |
| Epss Percentile | 0.62258 |
| Used In Malware | unknown |
| Ahead Of Cisa Kev | None |
| Not Yet In Cisa Kev | True |
References
Created: 2026-08-20 11:00 UTC
| Updated: 2026-08-20 11:00 UTC
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2024-08-02T11:18:36.170Z",
"orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"shortName": "CVE"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "https://github.com/geotools/geotools/security/advisories/GHSA-99c3-qc2q-p94m",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://github.com/geotools/geotools/security/advisories/GHSA-99c3-qc2q-p94m"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/geotools/geotools/commit/64fb4c47f43ca818c2fe96a94651bff1b3b3ed2b",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://github.com/geotools/geotools/commit/64fb4c47f43ca818c2fe96a94651bff1b3b3ed2b"
}
],
"title": "CVE Program Container"
},
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2023-25158",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-03-10T20:59:06.366397Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-03-10T21:07:23.201Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "geotools",
"vendor": "geotools",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003e= 28.0, \u003c 28.2"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003c 27.4"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GeoTools is an open source Java library that provides tools for geospatial data. GeoTools includes support for OGC Filter expression language parsing, encoding and execution against a range of datastore. SQL Injection Vulnerabilities have been found when executing OGC Filters with JDBCDataStore implementations. Users are advised to upgrade to either version 27.4 or to 28.2 to resolve this issue. Users unable to upgrade may disable `encode functions` for PostGIS DataStores or enable `prepared statements` for JDBCDataStores as a partial mitigation."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 9.8,
"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-89",
"description": "CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command (\u0027SQL Injection\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2023-02-21T20:57:47.754Z",
"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"shortName": "GitHub_M"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "https://github.com/geotools/geotools/security/advisories/GHSA-99c3-qc2q-p94m",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
"url": "https://github.com/geotools/geotools/security/advisories/GHSA-99c3-qc2q-p94m"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/geotools/geotools/commit/64fb4c47f43ca818c2fe96a94651bff1b3b3ed2b",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/geotools/geotools/commit/64fb4c47f43ca818c2fe96a94651bff1b3b3ed2b"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "GHSA-99c3-qc2q-p94m",
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Unfiltered SQL Injection in Geotools"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
"cveId": "CVE-2023-25158",
"datePublished": "2023-02-21T20:57:47.754Z",
"dateReserved": "2023-02-03T16:59:18.244Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-03-10T21:07:23.201Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1",
"vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
"epss": {
"cve": "CVE-2023-25158",
"date": "2026-08-27",
"epss": "0.01095",
"percentile": "0.63113"
},
"fkie_nvd": {
"configurations": "[{\"nodes\": [{\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": true, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:a:geotools:geotools:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"versionEndExcluding\": \"24.7\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"C176DA1D-2F0C-4851-B8F2-4E4B89EF846A\"}, {\"vulnerable\": true, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:a:geotools:geotools:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"25.0\", \"versionEndExcluding\": \"25.7\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"2DEC4D52-9DB7-4B98-B303-A85A25B2FF99\"}, {\"vulnerable\": true, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:a:geotools:geotools:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"26.0\", \"versionEndExcluding\": \"26.7\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"41A8AAAE-AD5F-480B-B4E3-1856A7A5F3EB\"}, {\"vulnerable\": true, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:a:geotools:geotools:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"27.0\", \"versionEndExcluding\": \"27.4\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"6675E1F5-3717-414F-A839-4DE8F36FE1D0\"}, {\"vulnerable\": true, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:a:geotools:geotools:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"28.0\", \"versionEndExcluding\": \"28.2\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"4F011666-B3FF-4EA0-833B-E9738097FDAB\"}]}]}]",
"descriptions": "[{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"GeoTools is an open source Java library that provides tools for geospatial data. GeoTools includes support for OGC Filter expression language parsing, encoding and execution against a range of datastore. SQL Injection Vulnerabilities have been found when executing OGC Filters with JDBCDataStore implementations. Users are advised to upgrade to either version 27.4 or to 28.2 to resolve this issue. Users unable to upgrade may disable `encode functions` for PostGIS DataStores or enable `prepared statements` for JDBCDataStores as a partial mitigation.\"}]",
"id": "CVE-2023-25158",
"lastModified": "2024-11-21T07:49:13.280",
"metrics": "{\"cvssMetricV31\": [{\"source\": \"security-advisories@github.com\", \"type\": \"Secondary\", \"cvssData\": {\"version\": \"3.1\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\", \"baseScore\": 9.8, \"baseSeverity\": \"CRITICAL\", \"attackVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"NONE\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"scope\": \"UNCHANGED\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"integrityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"HIGH\"}, \"exploitabilityScore\": 3.9, \"impactScore\": 5.9}, {\"source\": \"nvd@nist.gov\", \"type\": \"Primary\", \"cvssData\": {\"version\": \"3.1\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\", \"baseScore\": 9.8, \"baseSeverity\": \"CRITICAL\", \"attackVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"NONE\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"scope\": \"UNCHANGED\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"integrityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"HIGH\"}, \"exploitabilityScore\": 3.9, \"impactScore\": 5.9}]}",
"published": "2023-02-21T21:15:11.157",
"references": "[{\"url\": \"https://github.com/geotools/geotools/commit/64fb4c47f43ca818c2fe96a94651bff1b3b3ed2b\", \"source\": \"security-advisories@github.com\", \"tags\": [\"Patch\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/geotools/geotools/security/advisories/GHSA-99c3-qc2q-p94m\", \"source\": \"security-advisories@github.com\", \"tags\": [\"Mitigation\", \"Vendor Advisory\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/geotools/geotools/commit/64fb4c47f43ca818c2fe96a94651bff1b3b3ed2b\", \"source\": \"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\", \"tags\": [\"Patch\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/geotools/geotools/security/advisories/GHSA-99c3-qc2q-p94m\", \"source\": \"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\", \"tags\": [\"Mitigation\", \"Vendor Advisory\"]}]",
"sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com",
"vulnStatus": "Modified",
"weaknesses": "[{\"source\": \"security-advisories@github.com\", \"type\": \"Secondary\", \"description\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"CWE-89\"}]}, {\"source\": \"nvd@nist.gov\", \"type\": \"Primary\", \"description\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"CWE-89\"}]}]"
},
"nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2023-25158\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"published\":\"2023-02-21T21:15:11.157\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-06-17T05:40:48.223\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Modified\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"GeoTools is an open source Java library that provides tools for geospatial data. GeoTools includes support for OGC Filter expression language parsing, encoding and execution against a range of datastore. SQL Injection Vulnerabilities have been found when executing OGC Filters with JDBCDataStore implementations. Users are advised to upgrade to either version 27.4 or to 28.2 to resolve this issue. Users unable to upgrade may disable `encode functions` for PostGIS DataStores or enable `prepared statements` for JDBCDataStores as a partial mitigation.\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"geotools\",\"product\":\"geotools\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"\u003e= 28.0, \u003c 28.2\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"\u003c 27.4\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":9.8,\"baseSeverity\":\"CRITICAL\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"NONE\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":3.9,\"impactScore\":5.9},{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":9.8,\"baseSeverity\":\"CRITICAL\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"NONE\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":3.9,\"impactScore\":5.9}],\"ssvcV203\":[{\"source\":\"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\",\"ssvcData\":{\"timestamp\":\"2025-03-10T20:59:06.366397Z\",\"id\":\"CVE-2023-25158\",\"options\":[{\"exploitation\":\"none\"},{\"automatable\":\"yes\"},{\"technicalImpact\":\"total\"}],\"role\":\"CISA Coordinator\",\"version\":\"2.0.3\"}}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-89\"}]},{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-89\"}]}],\"configurations\":[{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:a:geotools:geotools:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"24.7\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"C176DA1D-2F0C-4851-B8F2-4E4B89EF846A\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:a:geotools:geotools:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"25.0\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"25.7\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"2DEC4D52-9DB7-4B98-B303-A85A25B2FF99\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:a:geotools:geotools:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"26.0\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"26.7\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"41A8AAAE-AD5F-480B-B4E3-1856A7A5F3EB\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:a:geotools:geotools:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"27.0\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"27.4\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"6675E1F5-3717-414F-A839-4DE8F36FE1D0\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:a:geotools:geotools:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"28.0\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"28.2\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"4F011666-B3FF-4EA0-833B-E9738097FDAB\"}]}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://github.com/geotools/geotools/commit/64fb4c47f43ca818c2fe96a94651bff1b3b3ed2b\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/geotools/geotools/security/advisories/GHSA-99c3-qc2q-p94m\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"tags\":[\"Mitigation\",\"Vendor Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/geotools/geotools/commit/64fb4c47f43ca818c2fe96a94651bff1b3b3ed2b\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/geotools/geotools/security/advisories/GHSA-99c3-qc2q-p94m\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Mitigation\",\"Vendor Advisory\"]}]}}"
}
}
Loading…
Loading…
Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Loading…
The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Loading…
Loading…