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CWE-122
Heap-based Buffer Overflow
A heap overflow condition is a buffer overflow, where the buffer that can be overwritten is allocated in the heap portion of memory, generally meaning that the buffer was allocated using a routine such as malloc().
CVE-2025-11778 (GCVE-0-2025-11778)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-02 12:56 – Updated: 2025-12-02 13:47 Unsupported When Assigned
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Stack-based buffer overflow vulnreability in Circutor SGE-PLC1000/SGE-PLC50
Summary
Stack-based buffer overflow in Circutor SGE-PLC1000/SGE-PLC50 v0.9.2. This vulnerability allows an attacker to remotely exploit memory corruption through the 'read_packet()' function of the TACACSPLUS implementation.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| SGE-PLC1000 SGE-PLC50 | Circutor |
Affected:
9.0.2
|
Date Public
2025-10-28 11:00
Credits
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CVE-2025-11788 (GCVE-0-2025-11788)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-02 13:03 – Updated: 2025-12-02 13:31 Unsupported When Assigned
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability in Circutor SGE-PLC1000/SGE-PLC50
Summary
Heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability in Circutor SGE-PLC1000/SGE-PLC50 v9.0.2. In the 'ShowSupervisorParameters()' function, there is an unlimited user input that is copied to a fixed-size buffer via 'sprintf()'. The 'GetParameter(meter)' function retrieves the user input, which is directly incorporated into a buffer without size validation. An attacker can provide an excessively large input for the 'meter' parameter.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| SGE-PLC1000 SGE-PLC50 | Circutor |
Affected:
9.0.2
|
Date Public
2025-10-28 11:00
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CVE-2025-11947 (GCVE-0-2025-11947)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-19 22:02 – Updated: 2026-02-24 07:02
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
bftpd Configuration File options.c expand_groups heap-based overflow
Summary
A weakness has been identified in bftpd up to 6.2. Impacted is the function expand_groups of the file options.c of the component Configuration File Handler. Executing a manipulation can lead to heap-based buffer overflow. It is possible to launch the attack on the local host. Attacks of this nature are highly complex. The exploitability is considered difficult. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be used for attacks. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.329027 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.329027 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.673133 | third-party-advisory |
| https://shimo.im/docs/rp3OMVMZZXc9lvkm/ | exploit |
Impacted products
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CVE-2025-11961 (GCVE-0-2025-11961)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-31 00:56 – Updated: 2026-01-02 14:38
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
OOBR and OOBW in pcap_ether_aton() in libpcap
Summary
pcap_ether_aton() is an auxiliary function in libpcap, it takes a string argument and returns a fixed-size allocated buffer. The string argument must be a well-formed MAC-48 address in one of the supported formats, but this requirement has been poorly documented. If an application calls the function with an argument that deviates from the expected format, the function can read data beyond the end of the provided string and write data beyond the end of the allocated buffer.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/the-tcpdump-group/libpcap/comm… | patch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| The Tcpdump Group | libpcap |
Affected:
0 , < 1.10.6
(semver)
|
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CVE-2025-12204 (GCVE-0-2025-12204)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-27 02:02 – Updated: 2026-02-24 07:03 Disputed
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Kamailio Configuration File rvalue.c rve_destroy heap-based overflow
Summary
A security vulnerability has been detected in Kamailio 5.5. Impacted is the function rve_destroy of the file src/core/rvalue.c of the component Configuration File Handler. The manipulation leads to heap-based buffer overflow. The attack must be carried out locally. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used. There is ongoing doubt regarding the real existence of this vulnerability. This attack requires manipulating config files which might not be a realistic scenario in many cases. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
8 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.329874 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.329874 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.673224 | third-party-advisory |
| https://shimo.im/docs/loqeMWMyZGtpEYqn/ | exploit |
| https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/… | related |
| https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/… | |
| http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/1… | |
| http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/10/28/1 |
Impacted products
Credits
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CVE-2025-12495 (GCVE-0-2025-12495)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-23 21:41 – Updated: 2025-12-24 16:05
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Academy Software Foundation OpenEXR EXR File Parsing Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Academy Software Foundation OpenEXR EXR File Parsing Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Academy Software Foundation OpenEXR. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.
The specific flaw exists within the parsing of EXR files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a heap-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-27946.
Severity
7.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-… | x_research-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Academy Software Foundation | OpenEXR |
Affected:
3.4.0
|
Date Public
2025-11-11 23:25
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CVE-2025-1252 (GCVE-0-2025-1252)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-08 08:31 – Updated: 2025-12-16 16:13
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Heap-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability in RTI Connext Professional (Core Libraries) allows Overflow Variables and Tags.
Summary
Heap-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability in RTI Connext Professional (Core Libraries) allows Overflow Variables and Tags.This issue affects Connext Professional: from 7.4.0 before 7.5.0, from 7.0.0 before 7.3.0.7, from 6.1.0 before 6.1.2.23, from 6.0.0 before 6.0.1.42, from 5.3.0 before 5.3.*, from 4.4d before 5.2.*.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| RTI | Connext Professional |
Affected:
7.4.0 , < 7.5.0
(custom)
Affected: 7.0.0 , < 7.3.0.7 (custom) Affected: 6.1.0 , < 6.1.2.23 (custom) Affected: 6.0.0 , < 6.0.1.42 (custom) Affected: 5.3.0 , < 5.3.* (custom) Affected: 4.4d , < 5.2.* (custom) |
Date Public
2025-05-06 19:00
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CVE-2025-12659 (GCVE-0-2025-12659)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-12 12:30 – Updated: 2026-06-09 09:02
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Heap-based buffer overflow in Siemens Simcenter Femap
Summary
Siemens Simcenter Femap contains a memory corruption vulnerability while parsing specially crafted IPT files. This could allow an attacker to execute code in the context of the current process.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-122 - Heap-based buffer overflow
Assigner
References
3 references
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Siemens | Simcenter Femap |
Affected:
0 , < V2512.0003
(custom)
Unaffected: V2512.0003 |
|
| Siemens | Simcenter Femap |
Affected:
0 , < V2512.0003
(custom)
|
Credits
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CVE-2025-1273 (GCVE-0-2025-1273)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-15 20:56 – Updated: 2026-02-26 18:28
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
PDF File Parsing Heap-Based Overflow Vulnerability
Summary
A maliciously crafted PDF file, when linked or imported into Autodesk applications, can force a Heap-Based Overflow vulnerability. A malicious actor can leverage this vulnerability to cause a crash, read sensitive data, or execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process.
Severity
7.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-122 - Heap-Based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.autodesk.com/products/autodesk-access… | patch |
| https://www.autodesk.com/trust/security-advisorie… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
11 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Autodesk | Revit |
Affected:
2025 , < 2025.4.1
(custom)
Affected: 2024 , < 2024.3.2 (custom) Affected: 2023 , < 2023.1.7 (custom) cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:revit:2025:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:revit:2024:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:revit:2023:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| Autodesk | AutoCAD |
Affected:
2025 , < 2025.1.3
(custom)
Affected: 2024 , < 2024.1.8 (custom) Affected: 2023 , < 2023.1.8 (custom) cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad:2025:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad:2024:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad:2023:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| Autodesk | AutoCAD LT |
Affected:
2025 , < 2025.1.3
(custom)
Affected: 2024 , < 2024.1.8 (custom) Affected: 2023 , < 2023.1.8 (custom) cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_lt:2025:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_lt:2024:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_lt:2023:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| Autodesk | AutoCAD Architecture |
Affected:
2025 , < 2025.1.3
(custom)
Affected: 2024 , < 2024.1.8 (custom) Affected: 2023 , < 2023.1.8 (custom) cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_architecture:2025:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_architecture:2024:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_architecture:2023:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| Autodesk | AutoCAD Electrical |
Affected:
2025 , < 2025.1.3
(custom)
Affected: 2024 , < 2024.1.8 (custom) Affected: 2023 , < 2023.1.8 (custom) cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_electrical:2025:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_electrical:2024:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_electrical:2023:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| Autodesk | AutoCAD MAP 3D |
Affected:
2025 , < 2025.1.3
(custom)
Affected: 2024 , < 2024.1.8 (custom) Affected: 2023 , < 2023.1.8 (custom) cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_map_3d:2025:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_map_3d:2024:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_map_3d:2023:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| Autodesk | AutoCAD Mechanical |
Affected:
2025 , < 2025.1.3
(custom)
Affected: 2024 , < 2024.1.8 (custom) Affected: 2023 , < 2023.1.8 (custom) cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_mechanical:2025:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_mechanical:2024:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_mechanical:2023:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| Autodesk | AutoCAD MEP |
Affected:
2025 , < 2025.1.3
(custom)
Affected: 2024 , < 2024.1.8 (custom) Affected: 2023 , < 2023.1.8 (custom) cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_mep:2025:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_mep:2024:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_mep:2023:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| Autodesk | AutoCAD Plant 3D |
Affected:
2025 , < 2025.1.3
(custom)
Affected: 2024 , < 2024.1.8 (custom) Affected: 2023 , < 2023.1.8 (custom) cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_plant_3d:2025:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_plant_3d:2024:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_plant_3d:2023:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| Autodesk | Civil 3D |
Affected:
2025 , < 2025.1.3
(custom)
Affected: 2024 , < 2024.1.8 (custom) Affected: 2023 , < 2023.1.8 (custom) cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:civil_3d:2025:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:civil_3d:2024:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:civil_3d:2023:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| Autodesk | Advance Steel |
Affected:
2025 , < 2025.1.3
(custom)
Affected: 2024 , < 2024.1.8 (custom) Affected: 2023 , < 2023.1.8 (custom) cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:advance_steel:2025:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:advance_steel:2024:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:advance_steel:2023:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2025-1275 (GCVE-0-2025-1275)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-15 20:54 – Updated: 2026-02-26 18:28
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
JPG File Parsing Heap-Based Overflow Vulnerability
Summary
A maliciously crafted JPG file, when linked or imported into certain Autodesk applications, can force a Heap-Based Overflow vulnerability. A malicious actor can leverage this vulnerability to cause a crash, read sensitive data, or execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process.
Severity
7.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-122 - Heap-Based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.autodesk.com/products/autodesk-access… | patch |
| https://www.autodesk.com/products/dwg-trueview/overview | patch |
| https://www.autodesk.com/trust/security-advisorie… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
12 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Autodesk | Revit |
Affected:
2025 , < 2025.4.1
(custom)
Affected: 2024 , < 2024.3.2 (custom) Affected: 2023 , < 2023.1.7 (custom) cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:revit:2025:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:revit:2024:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:revit:2023:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| Autodesk | AutoCAD |
Affected:
2025 , < 2025.1.2
(custom)
Affected: 2024 , < 2024.1.7 (custom) Affected: 2023 , < 2023.1.7 (custom) cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad:2025:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad:2024:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad:2023:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| Autodesk | AutoCAD Architecture |
Affected:
2025 , < 2025.1.2
(custom)
Affected: 2024 , < 2024.1.7 (custom) Affected: 2023 , < 2023.1.7 (custom) cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_architecture:2025:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_architecture:2024:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_architecture:2023:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| Autodesk | AutoCAD Electrical |
Affected:
2025 , < 2025.1.2
(custom)
Affected: 2024 , < 2024.1.7 (custom) Affected: 2023 , < 2023.1.7 (custom) cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_electrical:2025:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_electrical:2024:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_electrical:2023:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| Autodesk | AutoCAD Mechanical |
Affected:
2025 , < 2025.1.2
(custom)
Affected: 2024 , < 2024.1.7 (custom) Affected: 2023 , < 2023.1.7 (custom) cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_mechanical:2025:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_mechanical:2024:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_mechanical:2023:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| Autodesk | AutoCAD MEP |
Affected:
2025 , < 2025.1.2
(custom)
Affected: 2024 , < 2024.1.7 (custom) Affected: 2023 , < 2023.1.7 (custom) cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_mep:2025:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_mep:2024:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_mep:2023:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| Autodesk | AutoCAD Plant 3D |
Affected:
2025 , < 2025.1.2
(custom)
Affected: 2024 , < 2024.1.7 (custom) Affected: 2023 , < 2023.1.7 (custom) cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_plant_3d:2025:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_plant_3d:2024:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_plant_3d:2023:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| Autodesk | Civil 3D |
Affected:
2025 , < 2025.1.2
(custom)
Affected: 2024 , < 2024.1.7 (custom) Affected: 2023 , < 2023.1.7 (custom) cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:civil_3d:2025:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:civil_3d:2024:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:civil_3d:2023:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| Autodesk | Advance Steel |
Affected:
2025 , < 2025.1.2
(custom)
Affected: 2024 , < 2024.1.7 (custom) Affected: 2023 , < 2023.1.7 (custom) cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:advance_steel:2025:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:advance_steel:2024:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:advance_steel:2023:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| Autodesk | AutoCAD MAP 3D |
Affected:
2025 , < 2025.1.2
(custom)
Affected: 2024 , < 2024.1.7 (custom) Affected: 2023 , < 2023.1.7 (custom) cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_map_3d:2025:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_map_3d:2024:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_map_3d:2023:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| Autodesk | AutoCAD LT |
Affected:
2025 , < 2025.1.2
(custom)
Affected: 2024 , < 2024.1.7 (custom) Affected: 2023 , < 2023.1.7 (custom) cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_lt:2025:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_lt:2024:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_lt:2023:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| Autodesk | DWG TrueView |
Affected:
2025 , < 2025.1.2
(custom)
Affected: 2024 , < 2024.1.7 (custom) Affected: 2023 , < 2023.1.7 (custom) cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:dwg_trueview:2025:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:dwg_trueview:2024:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:dwg_trueview:2023:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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"value": "CAPEC-100 Overflow Buffers"
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"baseScore": 7.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
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"descriptions": [
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"cweId": "CWE-122",
"description": "CWE-122 Heap-Based Buffer Overflow",
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"url": "https://www.autodesk.com/trust/security-advisories/adsk-sa-2025-0006"
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"source": {
"discovery": "EXTERNAL"
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"title": "JPG File Parsing Heap-Based Overflow Vulnerability",
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"cveId": "CVE-2025-1275",
"datePublished": "2025-04-15T20:54:30.139Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-02-13T15:16:30.397Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-02-26T18:28:18.106Z",
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Mitigation
Phases:
Description:
- Pre-design: Use a language or compiler that performs automatic bounds checking.
Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
Mitigation ID: MIT-10
Phases: Operation, Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Description:
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation ID: MIT-11
Phases: Operation, Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Description:
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Description:
- Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Look for their safe equivalent, which checks for the boundary.
Mitigation
Phase: Operation
Description:
- Use OS-level preventative functionality. This is not a complete solution, but it provides some defense in depth.
CAPEC-92: Forced Integer Overflow
This attack forces an integer variable to go out of range. The integer variable is often used as an offset such as size of memory allocation or similarly. The attacker would typically control the value of such variable and try to get it out of range. For instance the integer in question is incremented past the maximum possible value, it may wrap to become a very small, or negative number, therefore providing a very incorrect value which can lead to unexpected behavior. At worst the attacker can execute arbitrary code.