Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-122

Allowed

Heap-based Buffer Overflow

Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft

A heap overflow condition is a buffer overflow, where the buffer that can be overwritten is allocated in the heap portion of memory, generally meaning that the buffer was allocated using a routine such as malloc().

4149 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-66040 (GCVE-0-2026-66040)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-24 19:46 – Updated: 2026-07-24 19:46 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
FFmpeg Heap Out-of-Bounds Write via PNG/APNG eXIf Encoder
Summary
FFmpeg through 8.1.2, fixed in commit b506faf, contains a heap out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the native PNG and APNG encoders that allows remote attackers to corrupt heap memory by supplying a crafted PNG image with a malicious eXIf chunk. Attackers can craft an eXIf chunk where multiple IFD entries reference the same large value payload, causing canonical serialization to expand the output far beyond the undersized allocation estimated by add_exif_profile_size(), resulting in png_write_chunk() writing tens of thousands of bytes past the buffer boundary, leading to deterministic heap corruption, process crash, and potentially arbitrary code execution.
CWE
  • CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
FFmpeg FFmpeg Affected: 0 , ≤ 8.1.2 (semver)
Unaffected: b506fafec9a19fcbc2be5271875fd4a63d6615bc (git)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-07-21 00:00
Credits
Adrian Junge (vurlo)
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-66039 (GCVE-0-2026-66039)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-24 19:42 – Updated: 2026-07-24 19:42 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
FFmpeg MACE6 Audio Decoder Heap Out-of-Bounds Write via CAF File
Summary
FFmpeg through 8.1.2, fixed in commit aafb5c6, contains a signed integer overflow vulnerability in the MACE6 audio decoder that allows attackers to corrupt heap memory by supplying a crafted CAF file with a malicious bytes_per_packet value. Attackers can craft a CAF file with oversized bytes_per_packet and frames_per_packet values in the desc chunk to trigger an integer overflow in mace_decode_frame() during output sample count computation, resulting in an undersized buffer allocation and heap out-of-bounds write that could enable code execution.
CWE
  • CWE-190 - Integer Overflow or Wraparound
  • CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
FFmpeg FFmpeg Affected: 0 , ≤ 8.1.2 (semver)
Unaffected: aafb5c655edc76a753275c383ebb139feb032718 (git)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-07-02 00:00
Credits
Adrian Junge (vurlo)
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-66036 (GCVE-0-2026-66036)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-24 19:34 – Updated: 2026-07-24 19:34 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
FFmpeg Heap Out-of-Bounds Write in vf_hqdn3d Filter
Summary
FFmpeg through 8.1.2, fixed in commit 5d7112c, contains a heap out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the vf_hqdn3d filter that allows attackers to corrupt heap memory by supplying a crafted video whose frame resolution increases between frames when filtergraph reinitialization is disabled via the -reinit_filter 0 option. Attackers can provide a malicious video input where vf_hqdn3d.config_input() allocates undersized per-plane line-history buffers based on the initial frame width, and subsequent larger frames cause denoise_spatial() to write beyond the allocation boundary, resulting in heap memory corruption.
CWE
  • CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
FFmpeg FFmpeg Affected: 0 , ≤ 8.1.2 (semver)
Unaffected: 5d7112c60e6f0f0742ce47d448e6da0718a70f4c (git)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-07-21 00:00
Credits
Adrian Junge (vurlo)
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-66035 (GCVE-0-2026-66035)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-24 16:45 – Updated: 2026-07-25 10:30 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
libssh2 Heap Buffer Overflow via ETM Cipher Negotiation
Summary
libssh2 through 1.11.1, fixed in commit 42e33d8, contains a pre-authentication heap buffer overflow vulnerability that allows a malicious SSH server to corrupt heap metadata in any connecting client by sending a packet with a packet_length smaller than the cipher's block size during Encrypt-then-MAC cipher negotiation. In the fullpacket() function in src/transport.c, the ETM path allocates a buffer of packet_length bytes but copies blocksize minus one bytes via memcpy, causing an overflow that on 32-bit glibc writes attacker-controlled bytes into an adjacent chunk's SIZE field, enabling tcache bin confusion, overlapping live objects, and function pointer overwrite during the session handshake before authentication.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
libssh2 libssh2 Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.11.1 (semver)
Unaffected: 42e33d81577ed4b95d4b4f6f845e5ee8efe5eeb4 (git)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-07-03 00:00
Credits
VladimirEliTokarev
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-64830 (GCVE-0-2026-64830)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-22 16:33 – Updated: 2026-07-22 17:24 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
FFmpeg 2.1 - 8.1.2 Heap Buffer Overflow via VobSub Subtitle Demuxer
Summary
FFmpeg versions 2.1 through 8.1.2 contains a heap buffer overflow vulnerability in the VobSub subtitle demuxer that allows attackers to corrupt adjacent heap memory by supplying a malicious .sub/.idx subtitle file declaring more distinct stream IDs than the fixed-size array bounds in libavformat/mpeg.c. Attackers can craft a subtitle file with excessive distinct stream IDs to trigger unbounded writes beyond the vobsub->q[] array boundary via ff_subtitles_queue_insert(), potentially achieving arbitrary code execution in any application using FFmpeg's VobSub demuxer.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
FFmpeg FFmpeg Affected: 2.1 , ≤ 8.1.2 (custom)
Affected: dbd495f066a85ba96b17433f4306582aa37c3951 (git)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-06-30 00:00
Credits
Pavel Kohout, Aisle Research
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-64620 (GCVE-0-2026-64620)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-20 12:04 – Updated: 2026-07-21 11:08
VLAI
Title
FreeRDP before 3.28.0 Heap Buffer Overflow via crypto_rsa_common
Summary
FreeRDP before 3.28.0 (affected <=3.27.1) contains a heap-based buffer overflow in crypto_rsa_common() (libfreerdp/crypto/crypto.c). The function writes the modular-exponentiation result into the caller's output buffer via BN_bn2bin() and only afterward checks output_length > out_length, so out-of-bounds bytes are written before the bounds check. On the server side, when a client selects RDP Standard Security, the encrypted client random is decrypted into a fixed 32-byte buffer. Because the server publishes its RSA public key, an unauthenticated attacker can forge a ciphertext whose decrypted value is up to the full modulus length (e.g. 256 bytes for RSA-2048), overflowing the 32-byte heap buffer by up to ~224 attacker-controlled bytes pre-authentication, resulting in denial of service.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
FreeRDP FreeRDP Affected: 0 , < 3.28.0 (semver)
Unaffected: 3.28.0 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-07-06 00:00
Credits
DavidKorczynski
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-63090 (GCVE-0-2026-63090)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-20 14:22 – Updated: 2026-07-21 15:35 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
ProFTPD mod_sftp Heap Buffer Overflow via SFTP Packet Reassembly
Summary
ProFTPD before 1.3.9c and 1.3.10rc3 contains a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the mod_sftp module that allows authenticated low-privilege attackers to achieve arbitrary code execution by sending crafted SFTP packet fragments exceeding the 16 KB reassembly buffer in the fxp.c component. Attackers can supply oversized fragments to trigger an incorrectly conditioned reallocation, corrupt pool freelist metadata, overwrite the root_fs BSS global pointer to reference a fake filesystem struct, and redirect pr_fsio_stat() to system() via a crafted RENAME request.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
proftpd proftpd Affected: 0 , < 1.3.9c (custom)
Affected: 1.3.10rc1 , < 1.3.10rc3 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-06-26 00:00
Credits
Fabian Wahle with Hap Security
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-61464 (GCVE-0-2026-61464)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-15 11:25 – Updated: 2026-07-15 13:25
VLAI
Title
ImageMagick before 7.1.2-26 Heap Buffer Over-Write via X11
Summary
ImageMagick before 7.1.2-26 and 6.9.13-51 contains a heap-based buffer over-write vulnerability that occurs when running an X11 import with a crafted window title, which can result in heap memory corruption and denial of service.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
ImageMagick ImageMagick Affected: 0 , < 7.1.2-26 (semver)
Unaffected: 7.1.2-26 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
ImageMagick ImageMagick Affected: 0 , < 6.9.13-51 (semver)
Unaffected: 6.9.13-51 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-06-26 00:00
Credits
Kwstubbs
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-58640 (GCVE-0-2026-58640)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-14 17:05 – Updated: 2026-07-24 19:31
VLAI
Title
Windows NTFS Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows NTFS allows an authorized attacker to execute code locally.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1607 Affected: 10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9339 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1809 Affected: 10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.9020 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows 10 Version 21H2 Affected: 10.0.19044.0 , < 10.0.19044.7548 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows 10 Version 22H2 Affected: 10.0.19045.0 , < 10.0.19045.7548 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows 11 version 23H2 Affected: 10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.7376 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows 11 Version 23H2 Affected: 10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.7376 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows 11 Version 24H2 Affected: 10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.8875 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows 11 Version 25H2 Affected: 10.0.26200.0 , < 10.0.26200.8875 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows 11 version 26H1 Affected: 10.0.28000.0 , < 10.0.28000.2525 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2012 Affected: 6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.26226 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) Affected: 6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.26226 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2 Affected: 6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.23291 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) Affected: 6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.23291 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2016 Affected: 10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9339 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) Affected: 10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9339 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2019 Affected: 10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.9020 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) Affected: 10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.9020 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2022 Affected: 10.0.20348.0 , < 10.0.20348.5386 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2025 Affected: 10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.33158 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) Affected: 10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.33158 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-07-14 14:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-58618 (GCVE-0-2026-58618)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-14 17:05 – Updated: 2026-07-24 19:31
VLAI
Title
Microsoft Excel Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Office Excel allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Microsoft Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise Affected: 16.0.1 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft Excel 2016 Affected: 16.0.0.0 , < 16.0.5561.1001 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft Office 2019 Affected: 19.0.0 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft Office 365 for Mac Affected: 1.0.0 , < 16.111.26071215 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft Office LTSC 2021 Affected: 16.0.1 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft Office LTSC 2024 Affected: 16.0.0 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft Office LTSC for Mac 2021 Affected: 16.0.1 , < 16.111.26071215 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft Office LTSC for Mac 2024 Affected: 16.0.0 , < 16.111.26071215 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Office Online Server Affected: 16.0.0.0 , < 16.0.10417.20175 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-07-14 14:00
Show details on NVD website

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Mitigation

Pre-design: Use a language or compiler that performs automatic bounds checking.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.

Mitigation MIT-10
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
  • D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
  • Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation
Implementation

Implement and perform bounds checking on input.

Mitigation
Implementation

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Look for their safe equivalent, which checks for the boundary.

Mitigation
Operation

Use OS-level preventative functionality. This is not a complete solution, but it provides some defense in depth.

CAPEC-92: Forced Integer Overflow

This attack forces an integer variable to go out of range. The integer variable is often used as an offset such as size of memory allocation or similarly. The attacker would typically control the value of such variable and try to get it out of range. For instance the integer in question is incremented past the maximum possible value, it may wrap to become a very small, or negative number, therefore providing a very incorrect value which can lead to unexpected behavior. At worst the attacker can execute arbitrary code.