Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-94

Allowed-with-Review

Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.

8280 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-WVPX-G427-Q9WC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-10 18:30 – Updated: 2024-04-10 22:20
VLAI
Summary
llama-index-core Prompt Injection vulnerability leading to Arbitrary Code Execution
Details

A vulnerability was identified in the exec_utils class of the llama_index package, specifically within the safe_eval function, allowing for prompt injection leading to arbitrary code execution. This issue arises due to insufficient validation of input, which can be exploited to bypass method restrictions and execute unauthorized code. The vulnerability is a bypass of the previously addressed CVE-2023-39662, demonstrated through a proof of concept that creates a file on the system by exploiting the flaw.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "llama-index-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.10.24"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-3098"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2024-04-10T22:20:33Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-04-10T17:15:56Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability was identified in the `exec_utils` class of the `llama_index` package, specifically within the `safe_eval` function, allowing for prompt injection leading to arbitrary code execution. This issue arises due to insufficient validation of input, which can be exploited to bypass method restrictions and execute unauthorized code. The vulnerability is a bypass of the previously addressed CVE-2023-39662, demonstrated through a proof of concept that creates a file on the system by exploiting the flaw.",
  "id": "GHSA-wvpx-g427-q9wc",
  "modified": "2024-04-10T22:20:33Z",
  "published": "2024-04-10T18:30:48Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-3098"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/run-llama/llama_index/commit/2c92e88838a5f481d50840240b1dd3180066c6f5"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/run-llama/llama_index/commit/5fbcb5a8b9f20f81b791c7fc8849e352613ab475"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/run-llama/llama_index"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://huntr.com/bounties/1bce0d61-ad03-4b22-bc32-8f99f92974e7"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "llama-index-core Prompt Injection vulnerability leading to Arbitrary Code Execution"
}

GHSA-WVVH-PCQ5-HC6F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-18 15:31 – Updated: 2026-02-18 15:31
VLAI
Details

NVIDIA NeMo Framework contains a vulnerability where an attacker could cause remote code execution. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to code execution, denial of service, information disclosure, and data tampering.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-33250"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-02-18T14:16:03Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "NVIDIA NeMo Framework contains a vulnerability where an attacker could cause remote code execution. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to code execution, denial of service, information disclosure, and data tampering.",
  "id": "GHSA-wvvh-pcq5-hc6f",
  "modified": "2026-02-18T15:31:25Z",
  "published": "2026-02-18T15:31:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-33250"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://nvidia.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/5762"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-33250"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WW23-JFG3-G47M

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 23:36 – Updated: 2022-05-01 23:36
VLAI
Details

Multiple PHP remote file inclusion vulnerabilities in SiteBuilder Elite 1.2 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the CarpPath parameter to (1) files/carprss.php and (2) files/amazon-bestsellers.php.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2008-1123"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2008-03-03T22:44:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Multiple PHP remote file inclusion vulnerabilities in SiteBuilder Elite 1.2 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the CarpPath parameter to (1) files/carprss.php and (2) files/amazon-bestsellers.php.",
  "id": "GHSA-ww23-jfg3-g47m",
  "modified": "2022-05-01T23:36:51Z",
  "published": "2022-05-01T23:36:51Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-1123"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/5199"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/28036"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-WW35-R2CX-VQR3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 03:19 – Updated: 2025-04-12 12:52
VLAI
Details

The management console on Symantec Web Gateway (SWG) appliances with software before 5.2.2 DB 5.0.0.1277 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary commands via vectors related to "traffic capture."

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2015-5693"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2015-09-20T20:59:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The management console on Symantec Web Gateway (SWG) appliances with software before 5.2.2 DB 5.0.0.1277 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary commands via vectors related to \"traffic capture.\"",
  "id": "GHSA-ww35-r2cx-vqr3",
  "modified": "2025-04-12T12:52:08Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T03:19:37Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-5693"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/76731"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1033625"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.symantec.com/security_response/securityupdates/detail.jsp?fid=security_advisory\u0026pvid=security_advisory\u0026year=\u0026suid=20150916_00"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-15-444"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-WW66-45GM-65FM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-12 18:31 – Updated: 2025-10-22 00:33
VLAI
Details

Limited remote code execution with privilege of a NetworkService Account access in Citrix Session Recording if the attacker is an authenticated user on the same intranet as the session recording server

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-8069"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-502",
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-11-12T18:15:47Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Limited remote code execution with privilege of a NetworkService Account access\u00a0in\u00a0Citrix Session Recording if the attacker is an authenticated user on the same intranet as the session recording server",
  "id": "GHSA-ww66-45gm-65fm",
  "modified": "2025-10-22T00:33:11Z",
  "published": "2024-11-12T18:31:00Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-8069"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.citrix.com/s/article/CTX691941-citrix-session-recording-security-bulletin-for-cve20248068-and-cve20248069?language=en_US"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2024-8069"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WW7Q-FQ8Q-PM4X

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-08 06:30 – Updated: 2025-08-08 06:30
VLAI
Details

An HTML injection vulnerability exists in WordPress plugin "Advanced Custom Fields" prior to 6.4.3. If this vulnerability is exploited, crafted HTML code may be rendered and page display may be tampered.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-54940"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-08-08T05:15:32Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An HTML injection vulnerability exists in WordPress plugin \"Advanced Custom Fields\" prior to 6.4.3. If this vulnerability is exploited, crafted HTML code may be rendered and page display may be tampered.",
  "id": "GHSA-ww7q-fq8q-pm4x",
  "modified": "2025-08-08T06:30:25Z",
  "published": "2025-08-08T06:30:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54940"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN21048820"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.advancedcustomfields.com/blog/acf-6-4-3-security-release"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:A/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:L/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WW97-9W65-2CRX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2020-02-12 18:45 – Updated: 2025-10-22 17:45
VLAI
Summary
Improper Input Validation in Apache Solr
Details

Apache Solr 5.0.0 to Apache Solr 8.3.1 are vulnerable to a Remote Code Execution through the VelocityResponseWriter. A Velocity template can be provided through Velocity templates in a configset velocity/ directory or as a parameter. A user defined configset could contain renderable, potentially malicious, templates. Parameter provided templates are disabled by default, but can be enabled by setting params.resource.loader.enabled by defining a response writer with that setting set to true. Defining a response writer requires configuration API access. Solr 8.4 removed the params resource loader entirely, and only enables the configset-provided template rendering when the configset is trusted (has been uploaded by an authenticated user).

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 5.5.5"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.apache.solr:solr-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "5.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "8.4.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 6.6.6"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.apache.solr:solr-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "6.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "8.4.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 7.7.2"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.apache.solr:solr-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "7.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "8.4.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 8.3.1"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.apache.solr:solr-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "8.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "8.4.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-17558"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-20",
      "CWE-74",
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2020-02-11T19:43:12Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-12-30T17:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Apache Solr 5.0.0 to Apache Solr 8.3.1 are vulnerable to a Remote Code Execution through the VelocityResponseWriter. A Velocity template can be provided through Velocity templates in a configset `velocity/` directory or as a parameter. A user defined configset could contain renderable, potentially malicious, templates. Parameter provided templates are disabled by default, but can be enabled by setting `params.resource.loader.enabled` by defining a response writer with that setting set to `true`. Defining a response writer requires configuration API access. Solr 8.4 removed the params resource loader entirely, and only enables the configset-provided template rendering when the configset is `trusted` (has been uploaded by an authenticated user).",
  "id": "GHSA-ww97-9w65-2crx",
  "modified": "2025-10-22T17:45:47Z",
  "published": "2020-02-12T18:45:28Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-17558"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/apache/lucene-solr/pull/1156"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r7f21ab40a9b17b1a703db84ac56773fcabacd4cc1eb5c4700d17c071%40%3Cissues.lucene.apache.org%3E"
    },
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    },
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    },
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      "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r8e7a3c253a695a7667da0b0ec57f9bb0e31f039e62afbc00a1d96f7b%40%3Csolr-user.lucene.apache.org%3E"
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    },
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    },
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    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/157078/Apache-Solr-8.3.0-Velocity-Template-Remote-Code-Execution.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Improper Input Validation in Apache Solr"
}

GHSA-WWCX-37RF-X4FR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-27 15:33 – Updated: 2026-05-27 21:31
VLAI
Details

An issue in Dolibarr ERP/CRM v.22.0.0 through v.22.0.4 and v.24.0.0-alpha allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the htdocs/core/actions_addupdatedelete.inc.php

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-37711"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-27T15:16:26Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An issue in Dolibarr ERP/CRM v.22.0.0 through v.22.0.4 and v.24.0.0-alpha allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the htdocs/core/actions_addupdatedelete.inc.php",
  "id": "GHSA-wwcx-37rf-x4fr",
  "modified": "2026-05-27T21:31:25Z",
  "published": "2026-05-27T15:33:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Dolibarr/dolibarr/security/advisories/GHSA-grw9-6m4w-mhcq"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-37711"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bryamzxz.github.io/2026/05/25/dol_eval-five-years"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WWMJ-WFCR-VX7R

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-02 12:32 – Updated: 2026-06-06 06:30
VLAI
Details

Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability in Profelis Informatics SambaBox allows Code Injection.This issue affects SambaBox: before 5.1.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-2421"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-05-02T12:15:15Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Improper Control of Generation of Code (\u0027Code Injection\u0027) vulnerability in Profelis Informatics SambaBox allows Code Injection.This issue affects SambaBox: before 5.1.",
  "id": "GHSA-wwmj-wfcr-vx7r",
  "modified": "2026-06-06T06:30:27Z",
  "published": "2025-05-02T12:32:00Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-2421"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://sambabox.io/2025/04/14/version-5-1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://siberguvenlik.gov.tr/guvenlik-bildirimleri/detay/tr-25-0101"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.usom.gov.tr/bildirim/tr-25-0101"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WWPV-W3JP-2MRC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 00:39 – Updated: 2022-05-17 00:39
VLAI
Details

PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in skins/default.php in Geody Labs Dagger - The Cutting Edge r12feb2008, when register_globals is enabled, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the dir_inc parameter.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2008-6635"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2009-04-07T14:17:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in skins/default.php in Geody Labs Dagger - The Cutting Edge r12feb2008, when register_globals is enabled, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the dir_inc parameter.",
  "id": "GHSA-wwpv-w3jp-2mrc",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T00:39:01Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T00:39:01Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-6635"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/43304"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/5916"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/30771"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://sourceforge.net/project/shownotes.php?group_id=79973\u0026release_id=668019"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/29906"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Refactoring

Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
  • Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
  • This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
  • Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
Mitigation
Testing

Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.

Mitigation MIT-32
Operation

Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening

Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).

Mitigation MIT-32
Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).

Mitigation
Implementation

For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].

CAPEC-242: Code Injection

An adversary exploits a weakness in input validation on the target to inject new code into that which is currently executing. This differs from code inclusion in that code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.

CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files

An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.

CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables

This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.