CWE-94
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.
8285 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-WC2Q-4Q5F-7FH3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 07:12 – Updated: 2022-05-01 07:12PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in popups/ImageManager/config.inc.php in the HTMLArea3 Addon Component (com_htmlarea3_xtd-c) for ImageManager 1.5 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the mosConfig_absolute_path parameter.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2006-3751"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2006-07-21T14:03:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in popups/ImageManager/config.inc.php in the HTMLArea3 Addon Component (com_htmlarea3_xtd-c) for ImageManager 1.5 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the mosConfig_absolute_path parameter.",
"id": "GHSA-wc2q-4q5f-7fh3",
"modified": "2022-05-01T07:12:04Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T07:12:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2006-3751"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/27721"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/2027"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://advisories.echo.or.id/adv/adv38-matdhule-2006.txt"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://archives.neohapsis.com/archives/bugtraq/2006-07/0180.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://securityreason.com/securityalert/1249"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/19047"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-WC34-94X4-V5R4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 23:54 – Updated: 2022-05-01 23:54Multiple PHP remote file inclusion vulnerabilities in Contenido CMS 4.8.4 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the (1) contenido_path parameter to (a) contenido/backend_search.php; the (2) cfg[path][contenido] parameter to (b) move_articles.php, (c) move_old_stats.php, (d) optimize_database.php, (e) run_newsletter_job.php, (f) send_reminder.php, (g) session_cleanup.php, and (h) setfrontenduserstate.php in contenido/cronjobs/, and (i) includes/include.newsletter_jobs_subnav.php and (j) plugins/content_allocation/includes/include.right_top.php in contenido/; the (3) cfg[path][templates] parameter to (k) includes/include.newsletter_jobs_subnav.php and (l) plugins/content_allocation/includes/include.right_top.php in contenido/; and the (4) cfg[templates][right_top_blank] parameter to (m) plugins/content_allocation/includes/include.right_top.php and (n) contenido/includes/include.newsletter_jobs_subnav.php in contenido/, different vectors than CVE-2006-5380.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2008-2912"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2008-06-30T18:24:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple PHP remote file inclusion vulnerabilities in Contenido CMS 4.8.4 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the (1) contenido_path parameter to (a) contenido/backend_search.php; the (2) cfg[path][contenido] parameter to (b) move_articles.php, (c) move_old_stats.php, (d) optimize_database.php, (e) run_newsletter_job.php, (f) send_reminder.php, (g) session_cleanup.php, and (h) setfrontenduserstate.php in contenido/cronjobs/, and (i) includes/include.newsletter_jobs_subnav.php and (j) plugins/content_allocation/includes/include.right_top.php in contenido/; the (3) cfg[path][templates] parameter to (k) includes/include.newsletter_jobs_subnav.php and (l) plugins/content_allocation/includes/include.right_top.php in contenido/; and the (4) cfg[templates][right_top_blank] parameter to (m) plugins/content_allocation/includes/include.right_top.php and (n) contenido/includes/include.newsletter_jobs_subnav.php in contenido/, different vectors than CVE-2006-5380.",
"id": "GHSA-wc34-94x4-v5r4",
"modified": "2022-05-01T23:54:41Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T23:54:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-2912"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/43103"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/5810"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/30683"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/29719"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-WC6X-GMP9-8P34
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-04-03 18:32 – Updated: 2025-10-22 00:32Hitachi Vantara Pentaho Business Analytics Server prior to versions 9.4.0.1 and 9.3.0.2, including 8.3.x allow certain web services to set property values which contain Spring templates that are interpreted downstream.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-43769"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-74",
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-04-03T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Hitachi Vantara Pentaho Business Analytics Server prior to versions 9.4.0.1 and 9.3.0.2, including 8.3.x allow certain web services to set property values which contain Spring templates that are interpreted downstream.",
"id": "GHSA-wc6x-gmp9-8p34",
"modified": "2025-10-22T00:32:43Z",
"published": "2023-04-03T18:32:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-43769"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.pentaho.com/hc/en-us/articles/14455561548301--Resolved-Pentaho-BA-Server-Failure-to-Sanitize-Special-Elements-into-a-Different-Plane-Special-Element-Injection-Versions-before-9-4-0-1-and-9-3-0-2-including-8-3-x-Impacted-CVE-2022-43769-"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2022-43769"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/172296/Pentaho-Business-Server-Authentication-Bypass-SSTI-Code-Execution.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WC72-922G-4FVX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-02 06:11 – Updated: 2022-05-02 06:11Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Office Excel 2007 SP1 and SP2; Office Excel Viewer SP1 and SP2; and Office Compatibility Pack for Word, Excel, and PowerPoint 2007 File Formats SP1 and SP2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted spreadsheet in which "a MDXTUPLE record is broken up into several records," aka "Microsoft Office Excel MDXTUPLE Record Heap Overflow Vulnerability."
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2010-0260"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2010-03-10T22:30:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Office Excel 2007 SP1 and SP2; Office Excel Viewer SP1 and SP2; and Office Compatibility Pack for Word, Excel, and PowerPoint 2007 File Formats SP1 and SP2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted spreadsheet in which \"a MDXTUPLE record is broken up into several records,\" aka \"Microsoft Office Excel MDXTUPLE Record Heap Overflow Vulnerability.\"",
"id": "GHSA-wc72-922g-4fvx",
"modified": "2022-05-02T06:11:16Z",
"published": "2022-05-02T06:11:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2010-0260"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/security-updates/securitybulletins/2010/ms10-017"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A7862"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://labs.idefense.com/intelligence/vulnerabilities/display.php?id=862"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id?1023698"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.us-cert.gov/cas/techalerts/TA10-068A.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-WC9V-MJ63-M9G5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2018-07-24 19:44 – Updated: 2023-09-11 18:31Affected versions of pg contain a remote code execution vulnerability that occurs when the remote database or query specifies a crafted column name.
There are two specific scenarios in which it is likely for an application to be vulnerable: 1. The application executes unsafe, user-supplied sql which contains malicious column names. 2. The application connects to an untrusted database and executes a query returning results which contain a malicious column name.
Proof of Concept
const { Client } = require('pg')
const client = new Client()
client.connect()
const sql = `SELECT 1 AS "\\'/*", 2 AS "\\'*/\n + console.log(process.env)] = null;\n//"`
client.query(sql, (err, res) => {
client.end()
})
Recommendation
- Version 2.x.x: Update to version 2.11.2 or later.
- Version 3.x.x: Update to version 3.6.4 or later.
- Version 4.x.x: Update to version 4.5.7 or later.
- Version 5.x.x: Update to version 5.2.1 or later.
- Version 6.x.x: Update to version 6.4.2 or later. ( Note that versions 6.1.6, 6.2.5, and 6.3.3 are also patched. )
- Version 7.x.x: Update to version 7.1.2 or later. ( Note that version 7.0.2 is also patched. )
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "pg"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.11.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "pg"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "3.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.6.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "pg"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.5.7"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "pg"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "5.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "5.2.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "pg"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "6.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "6.0.5"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "pg"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "6.1.0"
},
{
"fixed": "6.1.6"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "pg"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "6.2.0"
},
{
"fixed": "6.2.5"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "pg"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "6.3.0"
},
{
"fixed": "6.3.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "pg"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "6.4.0"
},
{
"fixed": "6.4.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "pg"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "7.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "7.0.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "pg"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "7.1.0"
},
{
"fixed": "7.1.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-16082"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2020-06-16T22:00:03Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Affected versions of `pg` contain a remote code execution vulnerability that occurs when the remote database or query specifies a crafted column name. \n\nThere are two specific scenarios in which it is likely for an application to be vulnerable:\n1. The application executes unsafe, user-supplied sql which contains malicious column names.\n2. The application connects to an untrusted database and executes a query returning results which contain a malicious column name.\n\n## Proof of Concept\n```\nconst { Client } = require(\u0027pg\u0027)\nconst client = new Client()\nclient.connect()\n\nconst sql = `SELECT 1 AS \"\\\\\u0027/*\", 2 AS \"\\\\\u0027*/\\n + console.log(process.env)] = null;\\n//\"`\n\nclient.query(sql, (err, res) =\u003e {\n client.end()\n})\n```\n\n\n## Recommendation\n\n* Version 2.x.x: Update to version 2.11.2 or later.\n* Version 3.x.x: Update to version 3.6.4 or later.\n* Version 4.x.x: Update to version 4.5.7 or later.\n* Version 5.x.x: Update to version 5.2.1 or later.\n* Version 6.x.x: Update to version 6.4.2 or later. ( Note that versions 6.1.6, 6.2.5, and 6.3.3 are also patched. )\n* Version 7.x.x: Update to version 7.1.2 or later. ( Note that version 7.0.2 is also patched. )",
"id": "GHSA-wc9v-mj63-m9g5",
"modified": "2023-09-11T18:31:10Z",
"published": "2018-07-24T19:44:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-16082"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-wc9v-mj63-m9g5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://node-postgres.com/announcements#2017-08-12-code-execution-vulnerability"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.npmjs.com/advisories/521"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Remote Code Execution in pg"
}
GHSA-WCHR-GQWM-64XW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-14 12:30 – Updated: 2025-07-14 15:30An hsqldb-related remote code execution vulnerability exists in HPE AutoPass License Server (APLS) prior to 9.17.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-51768"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-07-14T11:15:22Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An hsqldb-related remote code execution vulnerability exists in HPE AutoPass License Server (APLS) prior to 9.17.",
"id": "GHSA-wchr-gqwm-64xw",
"modified": "2025-07-14T15:30:32Z",
"published": "2025-07-14T12:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-51768"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.hpe.com/hpesc/public/docDisplay?docId=hpesbgn04760en_us"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WCJW-3V6P-4V3R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-09-12 15:33 – Updated: 2024-09-16 21:57An arbitrary code execution vulnerability exists in versions 23.10.3.0 up to 24.7.4.1 of the MindsDB platform, when the Weaviate integration is installed on the server. If a specially crafted ‘SELECT WHERE’ clause containing Python code is run against a database created with the Weaviate engine, the code will be passed to an eval function and executed on the server.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "mindsdb"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "23.10.3.0"
},
{
"fixed": "24.7.4.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-45846"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94",
"CWE-95"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-09-12T17:04:00Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2024-09-12T13:15:12Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An arbitrary code execution vulnerability exists in versions 23.10.3.0 up to 24.7.4.1 of the MindsDB platform, when the Weaviate integration is installed on the server. If a specially crafted \u2018SELECT WHERE\u2019 clause containing Python code is run against a database created with the Weaviate engine, the code will be passed to an eval function and executed on the server.",
"id": "GHSA-wcjw-3v6p-4v3r",
"modified": "2024-09-16T21:57:30Z",
"published": "2024-09-12T15:33:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-45846"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/mindsdb/mindsdb/commit/11a4db792ad36cf704f7307c7602128b17752c80"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/mindsdb/mindsdb"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/mindsdb/PYSEC-2024-77.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://hiddenlayer.com/sai-security-advisory/2024-09-mindsdb"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "MindsDB Eval Injection vulnerability"
}
GHSA-WCM4-5593-C777
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 23:42 – Updated: 2022-05-01 23:42PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in includes/functions_weblog.php in mxBB mx_blogs 2.0.0 beta allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the mx_root_path parameter.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2008-1712"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2008-04-09T21:05:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in includes/functions_weblog.php in mxBB mx_blogs 2.0.0 beta allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the mx_root_path parameter.",
"id": "GHSA-wcm4-5593-c777",
"modified": "2022-05-01T23:42:43Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T23:42:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-1712"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/41819"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/5323"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/28515"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-WCQW-FR5W-XXR6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 18:41 – Updated: 2022-05-01 18:41PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in head.php in CityWriter 0.9.7 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the path parameter.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2007-6324"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2007-12-13T19:46:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in head.php in CityWriter 0.9.7 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the path parameter.",
"id": "GHSA-wcqw-fr5w-xxr6",
"modified": "2022-05-01T18:41:40Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T18:41:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2007-6324"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/39012"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/4726"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/28058"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/26848"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-WCV3-CJ3V-XP7G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-19 18:31 – Updated: 2025-12-22 21:30An issue in GT Edge AI Platform Versions before v2.0.10-dev allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via injecting a crafted JSON payload into the Prompt window.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-63665"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-19T17:15:52Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An issue in GT Edge AI Platform Versions before v2.0.10-dev allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via injecting a crafted JSON payload into the Prompt window.",
"id": "GHSA-wcv3-cj3v-xp7g",
"modified": "2025-12-22T21:30:32Z",
"published": "2025-12-19T18:31:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-63665"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/p80n-sec/e5eefcef155e9dd14aaaaa49f9f94cd1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/p80n-sec/Vulnerability-Research/blob/main/CVE-2025-63665/CVE-2025-63665.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/p80n-sec/Vulnerability-Research/blob/main/Pending"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Refactoring
Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
Mitigation
- Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
- Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
Mitigation
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
Mitigation MIT-32
Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation MIT-32
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation
For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
CAPEC-242: Code Injection
An adversary exploits a weakness in input validation on the target to inject new code into that which is currently executing. This differs from code inclusion in that code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.
CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files
An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.
CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables
This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.