CWE-94
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.
8318 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-V6QF-PH27-H56H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:16 – Updated: 2022-05-17 02:16PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in include/class_yapbbcooker.php in YapBB 1.2.Beta 2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the cfgIncludeDirectory parameter.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2008-5947"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2009-01-22T11:30:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in include/class_yapbbcooker.php in YapBB 1.2.Beta 2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the cfgIncludeDirectory parameter.",
"id": "GHSA-v6qf-ph27-h56h",
"modified": "2022-05-17T02:16:49Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T02:16:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-5947"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/44473"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.org/0808-exploits/yapbb-rfi.txt"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/30686"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-V6QV-C78W-FF25
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-09-27 18:32 – Updated: 2024-09-27 18:32mudler/localai version 2.17.1 is vulnerable to remote code execution. The vulnerability arises because the localai backend receives inputs not only from the configuration file but also from other inputs, allowing an attacker to upload a binary file and execute malicious code. This can lead to the attacker gaining full control over the system.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-6983"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-09-27T16:15:06Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "mudler/localai version 2.17.1 is vulnerable to remote code execution. The vulnerability arises because the localai backend receives inputs not only from the configuration file but also from other inputs, allowing an attacker to upload a binary file and execute malicious code. This can lead to the attacker gaining full control over the system.",
"id": "GHSA-v6qv-c78w-ff25",
"modified": "2024-09-27T18:32:26Z",
"published": "2024-09-27T18:32:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-6983"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/mudler/localai/commit/d02a0f6f01d5c4a926a2d67190cb55d7aca23b66"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://huntr.com/bounties/f91fb287-412e-4c89-87df-9e4b6e609647"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-V6R2-JH58-XX6W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-02 16:00 – Updated: 2026-07-02 16:00Summary
Marketplace runtime extension metadata could point at unscanned payloads. In affected versions, a package selected for installation by a trusted operator could redirect runtime loading toward hidden package content that was not scanned as expected.
This advisory is scoped to the named feature and configuration. It does not change OpenClaw's trusted-operator model: authenticated Gateway operators, installed plugins, and intentional local execution surfaces remain trusted unless a separate policy, approval, allowlist, sandbox, or auth boundary is crossed.
Impact
When the affected feature is enabled and reachable, this could load plugin code outside the reviewed package entry points. Practical impact depends on the operator's configuration and whether lower-trust input can reach that path.
Patched Versions
The first stable patched version is 2026.5.18.
Mitigations
Install only trusted plugins and keep plugin allowlists explicit until patched. As general hardening, keep channel and tool allowlists narrow, avoid sharing one Gateway between mutually untrusted users, and disable the affected feature when it is not needed.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "openclaw"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2026.5.18"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-53810"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284",
"CWE-78",
"CWE-829",
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-02T16:00:42Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-11T21:16:23Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Summary\n\nMarketplace runtime extension metadata could point at unscanned payloads. In affected versions, a package selected for installation by a trusted operator could redirect runtime loading toward hidden package content that was not scanned as expected.\n\nThis advisory is scoped to the named feature and configuration. It does not change OpenClaw\u0027s trusted-operator model: authenticated Gateway operators, installed plugins, and intentional local execution surfaces remain trusted unless a separate policy, approval, allowlist, sandbox, or auth boundary is crossed.\n\n### Impact\n\nWhen the affected feature is enabled and reachable, this could load plugin code outside the reviewed package entry points. Practical impact depends on the operator\u0027s configuration and whether lower-trust input can reach that path.\n\n### Patched Versions\n\nThe first stable patched version is `2026.5.18`.\n\n### Mitigations\n\nInstall only trusted plugins and keep plugin allowlists explicit until patched. As general hardening, keep channel and tool allowlists narrow, avoid sharing one Gateway between mutually untrusted users, and disable the affected feature when it is not needed.",
"id": "GHSA-v6r2-jh58-xx6w",
"modified": "2026-07-02T16:00:42Z",
"published": "2026-07-02T16:00:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-v6r2-jh58-xx6w"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-53810"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-arbitrary-code-execution-via-unscanned-marketplace-runtime-extension-metadata"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "OpenClaw\u0027s marketplace runtime extension metadata could point at unscanned payloads"
}
GHSA-V6R5-WP7H-CJ77
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-09 15:30 – Updated: 2025-11-04 00:30A mismatch between allocator and deallocator could have lead to memory corruption. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 128 and Firefox ESR < 115.13.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-6602"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-07-09T15:15:12Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A mismatch between allocator and deallocator could have lead to memory corruption. This vulnerability affects Firefox \u003c 128 and Firefox ESR \u003c 115.13.",
"id": "GHSA-v6r5-wp7h-cj77",
"modified": "2025-11-04T00:30:51Z",
"published": "2024-07-09T15:30:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-6602"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1895032"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/10/msg00028.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2024-29"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2024-30"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2024-31"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2024-32"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-V6RJ-VQVP-PJW9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-09-10 18:30 – Updated: 2024-09-10 18:30Azure CycleCloud Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-43469"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-09-10T17:15:34Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Azure CycleCloud Remote Code Execution Vulnerability",
"id": "GHSA-v6rj-vqvp-pjw9",
"modified": "2024-09-10T18:30:47Z",
"published": "2024-09-10T18:30:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-43469"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2024-43469"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-V6RX-X9WM-HRJJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-06 00:31 – Updated: 2024-12-06 21:30Insecure Permissions vulnerability in Open Robotics Robotic Operating System 2 (ROS2) navigation2- ROS2-humble and navigation 2-humble allows a local attacker to execute arbitrary code via the initial_pose_sub thread created by nav2_bt_navigator
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-30964"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-12-05T23:15:05Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Insecure Permissions vulnerability in Open Robotics Robotic Operating System 2 (ROS2) navigation2- ROS2-humble and navigation 2-humble allows a local attacker to execute arbitrary code via the initial_pose_sub thread created by nav2_bt_navigator",
"id": "GHSA-v6rx-x9wm-hrjj",
"modified": "2024-12-06T21:30:38Z",
"published": "2024-12-06T00:31:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-30964"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ros-planning/navigation2/issues/4166"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ros-planning/navigation2/pull/4176"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/GoesM/ROS-CVE-CNVDs"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-V6V7-M3W9-36G8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-09 18:30 – Updated: 2025-04-15 21:31Code Execution via Malicious Files: Attackers can create specially crafted files with embedded code that may execute without adequate security validation, potentially leading to system compromise.
Sandbox Bypass Vulnerability: A flaw in the TERR security mechanism allows attackers to bypass sandbox restrictions, enabling the execution of untrusted code without appropriate controls.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-3114"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-04-09T18:15:50Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Code Execution via Malicious Files:\u00a0Attackers can create specially crafted files with embedded code that may execute without adequate security validation, potentially leading to system compromise.\n\nSandbox Bypass Vulnerability:\u00a0A flaw in the TERR security mechanism allows attackers to bypass sandbox restrictions, enabling the execution of untrusted code without appropriate controls.",
"id": "GHSA-v6v7-m3w9-36g8",
"modified": "2025-04-15T21:31:31Z",
"published": "2025-04-09T18:30:56Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-3114"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://community.spotfire.com/articles/spotfire/spotfire-security-advisory-april-08-2025-spotfire-cve-2025-3114-r3484"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-V6WR-WPJ4-WJ6V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 18:34 – Updated: 2022-05-01 18:34Multiple PHP remote file inclusion vulnerabilities in awzMB 4.2 beta 1 and earlier allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the Setting[OPT_includepath] parameter to (1) adminhelp.php; and (2) admin.incl.php, (3) reg.incl.php, (4) help.incl.php, (5) gbook.incl.php, and (6) core/core.incl.php in modules/.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2007-5592"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2007-10-19T23:17:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Multiple PHP remote file inclusion vulnerabilities in awzMB 4.2 beta 1 and earlier allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the Setting[OPT_includepath] parameter to (1) adminhelp.php; and (2) admin.incl.php, (3) reg.incl.php, (4) help.incl.php, (5) gbook.incl.php, and (6) core/core.incl.php in modules/.",
"id": "GHSA-v6wr-wpj4-wj6v",
"modified": "2022-05-01T18:34:55Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T18:34:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2007-5592"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/37272"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/4545"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/26116"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2007/3569"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-V6X2-Q2R8-QG76
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-12 15:30 – Updated: 2024-08-23 18:32In certain Sonos products before Sonos S1 Release 11.12 and S2 release 15.9, a vulnerability exists in the U-Boot component of the firmware that allow persistent arbitrary code execution with Linux kernel privileges. A failure to correctly handle the return value of the setenv command can be used to override the kernel command-line parameters and ultimately bypass the Secure Boot implementation. This affects PLAY5 gen 2, PLAYBASE, PLAY:1, One, One SL, and Amp.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-50810"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-08-12T13:38:12Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In certain Sonos products before Sonos S1 Release 11.12 and S2 release 15.9, a vulnerability exists in the U-Boot component of the firmware that allow persistent arbitrary code execution with Linux kernel privileges. A failure to correctly handle the return value of the setenv command can be used to override the kernel command-line parameters and ultimately bypass the Secure Boot implementation. This affects PLAY5 gen 2, PLAYBASE, PLAY:1, One, One SL, and Amp.",
"id": "GHSA-v6x2-q2r8-qg76",
"modified": "2024-08-23T18:32:59Z",
"published": "2024-08-12T15:30:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-50810"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.sonos.com/en-us/security-advisory-2024-0001"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-V73J-5247-67HG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:43 – Updated: 2025-04-11 03:39flicvideo.c in libavcodec 0.6 and earlier in FFmpeg, as used in MPlayer and other products, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted flic file, related to an "arbitrary offset dereference vulnerability."
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2010-3429"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2010-09-30T15:00:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "flicvideo.c in libavcodec 0.6 and earlier in FFmpeg, as used in MPlayer and other products, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted flic file, related to an \"arbitrary offset dereference vulnerability.\"",
"id": "GHSA-v73j-5247-67hg",
"modified": "2025-04-11T03:39:24Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T02:43:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2010-3429"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=635775"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://git.ffmpeg.org/?p=ffmpeg%3Ba=commit%3Bh=16c592155f117ccd7b86006c45aacc692a81c23b"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://git.ffmpeg.org/?p=ffmpeg;a=commit;h=16c592155f117ccd7b86006c45aacc692a81c23b"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/41626"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/43323"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2011/dsa-2165"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.mandriva.com/security/advisories?name=MDVSA-2011:060"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.mandriva.com/security/advisories?name=MDVSA-2011:061"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.mandriva.com/security/advisories?name=MDVSA-2011:062"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.mandriva.com/security/advisories?name=MDVSA-2011:088"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.mandriva.com/security/advisories?name=MDVSA-2011:089"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.mandriva.com/security/advisories?name=MDVSA-2011:112"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.mandriva.com/security/advisories?name=MDVSA-2011:114"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.ocert.org/advisories/ocert-2010-004.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2010/09/28/4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/514009/100/0/threaded"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/usn-1104-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2010/2517"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2010/2518"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2011/1241"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Refactoring
Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
Mitigation
- Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
- Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
Mitigation
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
Mitigation MIT-32
Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation MIT-32
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation
For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
CAPEC-242: Code Injection
An adversary exploits a weakness in input validation on the target to inject new code into that which is currently executing. This differs from code inclusion in that code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.
CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files
An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.
CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables
This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.