CWE-94
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.
8262 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-GJGM-JF57-VJ75
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 07:23 – Updated: 2022-05-01 07:23PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in includes/pear/Net/DNS/RR.php in ProgSys 0.151 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the phpdns_basedir parameter.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2006-4944"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2006-09-23T00:07:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in includes/pear/Net/DNS/RR.php in ProgSys 0.151 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the phpdns_basedir parameter.",
"id": "GHSA-gjgm-jf57-vj75",
"modified": "2022-05-01T07:23:25Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T07:23:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2006-4944"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/29078"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/2411"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/20141"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-GJGX-RVQR-6W6V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-18 20:05 – Updated: 2026-03-20 21:23Summary
An explicit web endpoint inside the ai/ testing module infrastructure directly ingests untrusted Python code strings unconditionally without authentication measures, yielding standard Unrestricted Remote Code Execution. Any individual capable of routing HTTP logic to this server block will gain explicit host-machine command rights.
Details
The AI codebase package includes a lightweight debugging Flask server inside ai/sandbox/wsgi_app.py. The /exec-py route accepts base_64 encoded raw string payloads inside the code parameter natively evaluated by a basic POST web request. It saves it rapidly to the operating system logic path and injects it recursively using execute_module(module_path...).
# ai/sandbox/wsgi_app.py
@flask_app.route("/exec-py", methods=["POST"])
def exec_py_route():
code = base64.urlsafe_b64decode(request.form.get("code"))
# ... code is blindly written to file and forcefully executed
PoC
# Payload:
# import os
# os.system('echo "pwned by attacker" > /tmp/pwned.txt')
#
# Base64 string represents the identical payload block above:
# aW1wb3J0IG9zCm9zLnN5c3RlbSgnZWNobyAicHduZWQgYnkgYXR0YWNrZXIiID4gL3RtcC9wd25lZC50eHQnKQ==
curl -X POST http://<target_ip_address_hosting_sandbox>:port/exec-py \
-H "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded" \
-d "code=aW1wb3J0IG9zCm9zLnN5c3RlbSgnZWNobyAicHduZWQgYnkgYXR0YWNrZXIiID4gL3RtcC9wd25lZC50eHQnKQ=="
# Validate exploitation target execution natively:
# $ cat /tmp/pwned.txt
# pwned by attacker
Impact
This presents trivial severity for systems publicly exposed or lacking strictly verified boundary firewalls due to absolute unauthenticated command injection privileges targeting the direct execution interpreter running this service sandbox.
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 1.2.2"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "mesop"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.2.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-33057"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-18T20:05:00Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-20T08:16:11Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "#### Summary\nAn explicit web endpoint inside the `ai/` testing module infrastructure directly ingests untrusted Python code strings unconditionally without authentication measures, yielding standard Unrestricted Remote Code Execution. Any individual capable of routing HTTP logic to this server block will gain explicit host-machine command rights.\n\n#### Details\nThe AI codebase package includes a lightweight debugging Flask server inside `ai/sandbox/wsgi_app.py`. The `/exec-py` route accepts base_64 encoded raw string payloads inside the `code` parameter natively evaluated by a basic `POST` web request. It saves it rapidly to the operating system logic path and injects it recursively using `execute_module(module_path...)`.\n\n```python\n# ai/sandbox/wsgi_app.py\n@flask_app.route(\"/exec-py\", methods=[\"POST\"])\ndef exec_py_route():\n code = base64.urlsafe_b64decode(request.form.get(\"code\"))\n # ... code is blindly written to file and forcefully executed\n```\n\n#### PoC\n```bash\n# Payload:\n# import os\n# os.system(\u0027echo \"pwned by attacker\" \u003e /tmp/pwned.txt\u0027)\n# \n# Base64 string represents the identical payload block above: \n# aW1wb3J0IG9zCm9zLnN5c3RlbSgnZWNobyAicHduZWQgYnkgYXR0YWNrZXIiID4gL3RtcC9wd25lZC50eHQnKQ==\n\ncurl -X POST http://\u003ctarget_ip_address_hosting_sandbox\u003e:port/exec-py \\\n -H \"Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded\" \\\n -d \"code=aW1wb3J0IG9zCm9zLnN5c3RlbSgnZWNobyAicHduZWQgYnkgYXR0YWNrZXIiID4gL3RtcC9wd25lZC50eHQnKQ==\"\n\n# Validate exploitation target execution natively:\n# $ cat /tmp/pwned.txt\n# pwned by attacker\n```\n\n#### Impact\nThis presents trivial severity for systems publicly exposed or lacking strictly verified boundary firewalls due to absolute unauthenticated command injection privileges targeting the direct execution interpreter running this service sandbox.",
"id": "GHSA-gjgx-rvqr-6w6v",
"modified": "2026-03-20T21:23:51Z",
"published": "2026-03-18T20:05:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/mesop-dev/mesop/security/advisories/GHSA-gjgx-rvqr-6w6v"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33057"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/mesop-dev/mesop/commit/825f55970c20686de3f28e2c66df4d74e9d4db47"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/mesop-dev/mesop"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Mesop Affected by Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution via Test Suite Route /exec-py"
}
GHSA-GJMF-2QM5-Q5M2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-26 21:31 – Updated: 2025-08-26 21:31NVIDIA NeMo Framework for all platforms contains a vulnerability in the NLP component, where malicious data created by an attacker could cause a code injection issue. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to code execution, escalation of privileges, information disclosure, and data tampering.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-23313"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-26T19:15:38Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "NVIDIA NeMo Framework for all platforms contains a vulnerability in the NLP component, where malicious data created by an attacker could cause a code injection issue. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to code execution, escalation of privileges, information disclosure, and data tampering.",
"id": "GHSA-gjmf-2qm5-q5m2",
"modified": "2025-08-26T21:31:06Z",
"published": "2025-08-26T21:31:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-23313"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://nvidia.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/5689"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-23313"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GJPX-9J96-M8GX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-16 00:02 – Updated: 2022-07-13 00:01Microsoft Defender for IoT Remote Code Execution Vulnerability This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2021-41365, CVE-2021-42311, CVE-2021-42313, CVE-2021-42314, CVE-2021-42315, CVE-2021-43882, CVE-2021-43889.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-42310"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-12-15T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Microsoft Defender for IoT Remote Code Execution Vulnerability This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2021-41365, CVE-2021-42311, CVE-2021-42313, CVE-2021-42314, CVE-2021-42315, CVE-2021-43882, CVE-2021-43889.",
"id": "GHSA-gjpx-9j96-m8gx",
"modified": "2022-07-13T00:01:42Z",
"published": "2021-12-16T00:02:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-42310"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2021-42310"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GJQR-JHWX-6M86
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-12 15:30 – Updated: 2022-12-15 00:30Vulnerabilities in the Aruba EdgeConnect Enterprise command line interface allow remote authenticated users to run arbitrary commands on the underlying host. A successful exploit could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary commands as root on the underlying operating system leading to complete system compromise in Aruba EdgeConnect Enterprise Software version(s): ECOS 9.2.1.0 and below; ECOS 9.1.3.0 and below; ECOS 9.0.7.0 and below; ECOS 8.3.7.1 and below.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-43542"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-12-12T13:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Vulnerabilities in the Aruba EdgeConnect Enterprise command line interface allow remote authenticated users to run arbitrary commands on the underlying host. A successful exploit could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary commands as root on the underlying operating system leading to complete system compromise in Aruba EdgeConnect Enterprise Software version(s): ECOS 9.2.1.0 and below; ECOS 9.1.3.0 and below; ECOS 9.0.7.0 and below; ECOS 8.3.7.1 and below.",
"id": "GHSA-gjqr-jhwx-6m86",
"modified": "2022-12-15T00:30:16Z",
"published": "2022-12-12T15:30:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-43542"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.arubanetworks.com/assets/alert/ARUBA-PSA-2022-018.txt"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GJVG-M6J6-MJVV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:39 – Updated: 2022-05-14 02:39PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in lib/jpgraph/jpgraph_errhandler.inc.php in Sandbox 1.4.1 might allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via unspecified vectors. NOTE: the issue, if any, may be located in Aditus JpGraph rather than Sandbox. If so, then this should not be treated as an issue in Sandbox.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2008-5694"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2008-12-19T18:30:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in lib/jpgraph/jpgraph_errhandler.inc.php in Sandbox 1.4.1 might allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via unspecified vectors. NOTE: the issue, if any, may be located in Aditus JpGraph rather than Sandbox. If so, then this should not be treated as an issue in Sandbox.",
"id": "GHSA-gjvg-m6j6-mjvv",
"modified": "2022-05-14T02:39:24Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T02:39:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-5694"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/47688"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.by-f10.com/bug.txt"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/487903/100/200/threaded"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-GJWX-9H64-RGQW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 23:47 – Updated: 2022-05-01 23:47PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in example.php in Thomas Gossmann ScorpNews 2.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the site parameter.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2008-2193"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2008-05-14T17:20:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in example.php in Thomas Gossmann ScorpNews 2.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the site parameter.",
"id": "GHSA-gjwx-9h64-rgqw",
"modified": "2022-05-01T23:47:32Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T23:47:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-2193"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/42517"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/5539"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/29041"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2008/1430/references"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-GM2P-VRR5-9QV6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 00:59 – Updated: 2022-05-17 00:59Apple QuickTime before 7.7.2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted .pict file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2012-0671"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2012-05-16T10:12:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Apple QuickTime before 7.7.2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted .pict file.",
"id": "GHSA-gm2p-vrr5-9qv6",
"modified": "2022-05-17T00:59:50Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T00:59:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2012-0671"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A15219"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2012/May/msg00005.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2012/Sep/msg00004.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://support.apple.com/kb/HT5261"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://support.apple.com/kb/HT5501"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/53584"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id?1027065"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-GM32-4VHP-PM77
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-02 03:25 – Updated: 2022-05-02 03:25CRLF injection vulnerability in the Forgot Password implementation in server/webmail.php in IceWarp eMail Server and WebMail Server before 9.4.2 makes it easier for remote attackers to trick a user into disclosing credentials via CRLF sequences preceding a Reply-To header in the subject element of an XML document, as demonstrated by triggering an e-mail message from the server that contains a user's correct credentials, and requests that the user compose a reply that includes this message.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2009-1469"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2009-05-05T20:30:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "CRLF injection vulnerability in the Forgot Password implementation in server/webmail.php in IceWarp eMail Server and WebMail Server before 9.4.2 makes it easier for remote attackers to trick a user into disclosing credentials via CRLF sequences preceding a Reply-To header in the subject element of an XML document, as demonstrated by triggering an e-mail message from the server that contains a user\u0027s correct credentials, and requests that the user compose a reply that includes this message.",
"id": "GHSA-gm32-4vhp-pm77",
"modified": "2022-05-02T03:25:30Z",
"published": "2022-05-02T03:25:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2009-1469"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/50332"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://osvdb.org/54229"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.redteam-pentesting.de/advisories/rt-sa-2009-004"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/503227/100/0/threaded"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/34827"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id?1022166"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2009/1253"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-GM3G-Q53R-RM89
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 03:05 – Updated: 2022-05-17 03:05Unitronics VisiLogic OPLC IDE before 9.8.02 allows remote attackers to execute unspecified code via unknown vectors.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2015-7905"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2015-11-13T03:59:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Unitronics VisiLogic OPLC IDE before 9.8.02 allows remote attackers to execute unspecified code via unknown vectors.",
"id": "GHSA-gm3g-q53r-rm89",
"modified": "2022-05-17T03:05:07Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T03:05:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-7905"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSA-15-274-02"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/77571"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-15-574"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-15-575"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-15-576"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Refactoring
Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
Mitigation
- Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
- Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
Mitigation
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
Mitigation MIT-32
Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation MIT-32
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation
For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
CAPEC-242: Code Injection
An adversary exploits a weakness in input validation on the target to inject new code into that which is currently executing. This differs from code inclusion in that code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.
CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files
An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.
CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables
This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.