CWE-94
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.
8306 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-CG5G-2C25-WRJW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 05:47 – Updated: 2022-05-17 05:47The notify function in pidgin-knotify.c in the pidgin-knotify plugin 0.2.1 and earlier for Pidgin allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via shell metacharacters in a message.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2010-3088"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2010-10-08T21:00:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The notify function in pidgin-knotify.c in the pidgin-knotify plugin 0.2.1 and earlier for Pidgin allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via shell metacharacters in a message.",
"id": "GHSA-cg5g-2c25-wrjw",
"modified": "2022-05-17T05:47:44Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T05:47:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2010-3088"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=336916"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://code.google.com/p/pidgin-knotify/issues/detail?id=1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2010/09/12/1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2010/09/13/4"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-CG8F-PCPW-6836
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-20 18:31 – Updated: 2026-02-25 21:31Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability in inpersttion Inpersttion For Theme err-our-team allows Code Injection.This issue affects Inpersttion For Theme: from n/a through <= 1.0.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-52744"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-20T16:22:01Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Improper Control of Generation of Code (\u0027Code Injection\u0027) vulnerability in inpersttion Inpersttion For Theme err-our-team allows Code Injection.This issue affects Inpersttion For Theme: from n/a through \u003c= 1.0.",
"id": "GHSA-cg8f-pcpw-6836",
"modified": "2026-02-25T21:31:17Z",
"published": "2026-02-20T18:31:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-52744"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/err-our-team/vulnerability/wordpress-inpersttion-for-theme-plugin-1-0-arbitrary-code-execution-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CGC9-HP86-4FR7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-16 03:30 – Updated: 2026-01-16 03:30The vulnerability, if exploited, could allow an unauthenticated miscreant to achieve remote code execution under OS system privileges of “taoimr” service, potentially resulting in complete compromise of the model application server.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-61937"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-01-16T02:16:42Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The vulnerability, if exploited, could allow an unauthenticated \nmiscreant to achieve remote code execution under OS system privileges of\n \u201ctaoimr\u201d service, potentially resulting in complete compromise of the\u00a0 model application server.",
"id": "GHSA-cgc9-hp86-4fr7",
"modified": "2026-01-16T03:30:21Z",
"published": "2026-01-16T03:30:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-61937"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cisagov/CSAF/blob/develop/csaf_files/OT/white/2026/icsa-26-015-01.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://softwaresupportsp.aveva.com/en-US/downloads/products/details/a643eaa3-0d85-4fde-ac11-5239e87a68ea"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.aveva.com/en/support-and-success/cyber-security-updates"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-26-015-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-CGCG-P68Q-3W7V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-15 06:30 – Updated: 2024-11-18 16:26Versions of the package langchain-experimental from 0.0.15 and before 0.0.21 are vulnerable to Arbitrary Code Execution when retrieving values from the database, the code will attempt to call 'eval' on all values. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability and execute arbitrary python code if they can control the input prompt and the server is configured with VectorSQLDatabaseChain.
Notes:
Impact on the Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability of the vulnerable component:
Confidentiality: Code execution happens within the impacted component, in this case langchain-experimental, so all resources are necessarily accessible.
Integrity: There is nothing protected by the impacted component inherently. Although anything returned from the component counts as 'information' for which the trustworthiness can be compromised.
Availability: The loss of availability isn't caused by the attack itself, but it happens as a result during the attacker's post-exploitation steps.
Impact on the Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability of the subsequent system:
As a legitimate low-privileged user of the package (PR:L) the attacker does not have more access to data owned by the package as a result of this vulnerability than they did with normal usage (e.g. can query the DB). The unintended action that one can perform by breaking out of the app environment and exfiltrating files, making remote connections etc. happens during the post exploitation phase in the subsequent system - in this case, the OS.
AT:P: An attacker needs to be able to influence the input prompt, whilst the server is configured with the VectorSQLDatabaseChain plugin.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "langchain-experimental"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.0.21"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-21513"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-07-15T16:26:46Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2024-07-15T05:15:01Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Versions of the package langchain-experimental from 0.0.15 and before 0.0.21 are vulnerable to Arbitrary Code Execution when retrieving values from the database, the code will attempt to call \u0027eval\u0027 on all values. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability and execute arbitrary python code if they can control the input prompt and the server is configured with VectorSQLDatabaseChain.\n\n**Notes:**\n\nImpact on the Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability of the vulnerable component:\n\nConfidentiality: Code execution happens within the impacted component, in this case langchain-experimental, so all resources are necessarily accessible.\n\nIntegrity: There is nothing protected by the impacted component inherently. Although anything returned from the component counts as \u0027information\u0027 for which the trustworthiness can be compromised.\n\nAvailability: The loss of availability isn\u0027t caused by the attack itself, but it happens as a result during the attacker\u0027s post-exploitation steps.\n\n\nImpact on the Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability of the subsequent system:\n\nAs a legitimate low-privileged user of the package (PR:L) the attacker does not have more access to data owned by the package as a result of this vulnerability than they did with normal usage (e.g. can query the DB). The unintended action that one can perform by breaking out of the app environment and exfiltrating files, making remote connections etc. happens during the post exploitation phase in the subsequent system - in this case, the OS.\n\nAT:P: An attacker needs to be able to influence the input prompt, whilst the server is configured with the VectorSQLDatabaseChain plugin.",
"id": "GHSA-cgcg-p68q-3w7v",
"modified": "2024-11-18T16:26:52Z",
"published": "2024-07-15T06:30:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-21513"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/commit/7b13292e3544b2f5f2bfb8a27a062ea2b0c34561"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/blob/672907bbbb7c38bf19787b78e4ffd7c8a9026fe4/libs/experimental/langchain_experimental/sql/vector_sql.py#L81"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/blob/672907bbbb7c38bf19787b78e4ffd7c8a9026fe4/libs/experimental/langchain_experimental/sql/vector_sql.py%23L81"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/langchain-experimental/PYSEC-2024-62.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-PYTHON-LANGCHAINEXPERIMENTAL-7278171"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "langchain-experimental vulnerable to Arbitrary Code Execution"
}
GHSA-CGFC-X233-HPQV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 04:47 – Updated: 2022-05-17 04:47An unspecified RFC function in SAP CCMS Agent allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via unknown vectors.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2013-7362"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2014-04-10T20:55:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An unspecified RFC function in SAP CCMS Agent allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via unknown vectors.",
"id": "GHSA-cgfc-x233-hpqv",
"modified": "2022-05-17T04:47:28Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T04:47:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2013-7362"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://service.sap.com/sap/support/notes/1758450"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://archives.neohapsis.com/archives/bugtraq/2013-02/0135.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://scn.sap.com/docs/DOC-8218"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.onapsis.com/get.php?resid=adv_onapsis-2013-005"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.onapsis.com/research-advisories.php"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-CGFP-RMX2-46W3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-16 00:02 – Updated: 2022-07-13 00:01Microsoft Defender for IoT Remote Code Execution Vulnerability This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2021-41365, CVE-2021-42310, CVE-2021-42311, CVE-2021-42313, CVE-2021-42314, CVE-2021-43882, CVE-2021-43889.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-42315"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-12-15T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Microsoft Defender for IoT Remote Code Execution Vulnerability This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2021-41365, CVE-2021-42310, CVE-2021-42311, CVE-2021-42313, CVE-2021-42314, CVE-2021-43882, CVE-2021-43889.",
"id": "GHSA-cgfp-rmx2-46w3",
"modified": "2022-07-13T00:01:42Z",
"published": "2021-12-16T00:02:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-42315"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2021-42315"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CGFW-MJ7V-XQH6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-06 12:30 – Updated: 2026-05-06 15:32Vulnerability in the Oracle Cloud Native Environment Command Line Interface product of Oracle Open Source Projects. The supported versions that is affected is v2.3.2. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker to compromise Oracle Cloud Native Environment Command Line Interface product via a malicious environment variable. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in Oracle Cloud Native Environment Command Line Interface allowing users to execute arbitrary code.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-35255"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-06T10:16:19Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the Oracle\u00a0Cloud Native Environment Command Line Interface\u00a0product of Oracle Open Source Projects. The supported versions that is affected is v2.3.2. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker to compromise Oracle\u00a0Cloud Native Environment Command Line Interface\u00a0product via a malicious environment variable. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in Oracle Cloud Native Environment Command Line Interface\u00a0allowing users to execute arbitrary code.",
"id": "GHSA-cgfw-mj7v-xqh6",
"modified": "2026-05-06T15:32:36Z",
"published": "2026-05-06T12:30:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-35255"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/all-oracle-cves-outside-other-oracle-public-documents.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CGGW-334C-F4MJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-23 06:31 – Updated: 2026-01-23 06:31Open WebUI load_tool_module_by_id Command Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Open WebUI. Authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability.
The specific flaw exists within the load_tool_module_by_id function. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of a user-supplied string before using it to execute Python code. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the service account. Was ZDI-CAN-28257.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-0766"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-01-23T04:16:03Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Open WebUI load_tool_module_by_id Command Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Open WebUI. Authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the load_tool_module_by_id function. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of a user-supplied string before using it to execute Python code. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the service account. Was ZDI-CAN-28257.",
"id": "GHSA-cggw-334c-f4mj",
"modified": "2026-01-23T06:31:24Z",
"published": "2026-01-23T06:31:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-0766"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-26-032"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CGMM-C2M9-FF7R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-26 21:30 – Updated: 2023-07-05 17:16Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) vulnerability in jFinal v.4.9.08 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the template function.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "com.jfinal:jfinal"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "4.9.08"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-31635"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-06-29T15:02:49Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2023-06-26T19:15:09Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) vulnerability in jFinal v.4.9.08 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the template function.",
"id": "GHSA-cgmm-c2m9-ff7r",
"modified": "2023-07-05T17:16:48Z",
"published": "2023-06-26T21:30:59Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-31635"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jfinal/jfinal/issues/187"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitee.com/jfinal/jfinal/issues/I3IXLE"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "jFinal Server-Side Template Injection vulnerability"
}
GHSA-CGPG-XPVX-XQXJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-21 21:30 – Updated: 2025-02-12 18:31An issue in He3 App for macOS version 2.0.17, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via the RunAsNode and enableNodeClilnspectArguments settings.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-25249"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-02-21T20:15:46Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An issue in He3 App for macOS version 2.0.17, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via the RunAsNode and enableNodeClilnspectArguments settings.",
"id": "GHSA-cgpg-xpvx-xqxj",
"modified": "2025-02-12T18:31:28Z",
"published": "2024-02-21T21:30:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-25249"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/intbjw"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/intbjw/CVE-2024-25249"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.electronjs.org/blog/statement-run-as-node-cves"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Refactoring
Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
Mitigation
- Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
- Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
Mitigation
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
Mitigation MIT-32
Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation MIT-32
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation
For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
CAPEC-242: Code Injection
An adversary exploits a weakness in input validation on the target to inject new code into that which is currently executing. This differs from code inclusion in that code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.
CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files
An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.
CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables
This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.