Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-841
AllowedImproper Enforcement of Behavioral Workflow
Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete
The product supports a session in which more than one behavior must be performed by an actor, but it does not properly ensure that the actor performs the behaviors in the required sequence.
113 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2023-4181 (GCVE-0-2023-4181)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-08-06 08:31 – Updated: 2024-08-02 07:17
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
SourceCodester Free Hospital Management System for Small Practices Redirect behavioral workflow
Summary
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in SourceCodester Free Hospital Management System for Small Practices 1.0. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /vm/admin/delete-doctor.php?id=2 of the component Redirect Handler. The manipulation leads to enforcement of behavioral workflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-236216.
Severity
5.4 (Medium)
5.4 (Medium)
CWE
- CWE-841 - Enforcement of Behavioral Workflow
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.236216 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.236216 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://github.com/Yesec/Free-Hospital-Management… | exploit |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| SourceCodester | Free Hospital Management System for Small Practices |
Affected:
1.0
|
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CVE-2023-1383 (GCVE-0-2023-1383)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-05-03 11:42 – Updated: 2025-01-30 15:07
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
An Improper Enforcement of Behavioral Workflow vulnerability in the exchangeDeviceServices function on the amzn.dmgr service allowed an attacker to register services that are only locally accessible.
This issue affects:
Amazon Fire TV Stick 3rd gen versions prior to 6.2.9.5.
Insignia TV with FireOS versions prior to 7.6.3.3.
Severity
5.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-01-30 15:07 UTC
CWE
- CWE-841 - Improper Enforcement of Behavioral Workflow
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| AmazonFire TV Stick 3rd gen | Fire TV Stick 3rd gen |
Affected:
6.2.9.4
|
|
| Insignia | TV with FireOS |
Affected:
7.6.3.2
|
Date Public
2023-05-02 09:00
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CVE-2022-2105 (GCVE-0-2022-2105)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-06-24 15:00 – Updated: 2025-04-16 16:16
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Secheron SEPCOS Control and Protection Relay
Summary
Client-side JavaScript controls may be bypassed to change user credentials and permissions without authentication, including a “root” user level meant only for the vendor. Web server root level access allows for changing of safety critical parameters.
Severity
9.4 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-04-16 15:55 UTC
CWE
- CWE-841 - IMPROPER ENFORCEMENT OF BEHAVIORAL WORKFLOW
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics/advisories/icsa-2… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Secheron | SEPCOS Control and Protection Relay firmware package |
Affected:
All versions , < 1.23.21
(custom)
|
Date Public
2022-06-23 00:00
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CVE-2022-2102 (GCVE-0-2022-2102)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-06-24 15:00 – Updated: 2025-04-16 16:16
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Secheron SEPCOS Control and Protection Relay
Summary
Controls limiting uploads to certain file extensions may be bypassed. This could allow an attacker to intercept the initial file upload page response and modify the associated code. This modified code can be forwarded and used by a script loaded later in the sequence, allowing for arbitrary file upload into a location where PHP scripts may be executed.
Severity
9.4 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-04-16 15:55 UTC
CWE
- CWE-841 - IMPROPER ENFORCEMENT OF BEHAVIORAL WORKFLOW
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics/advisories/icsa-2… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Secheron | SEPCOS Control and Protection Relay firmware package |
Affected:
All versions , < 1.23.21
(custom)
|
Date Public
2022-06-23 00:00
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CVE-2022-1667 (GCVE-0-2022-1667)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-06-24 15:00 – Updated: 2025-04-16 16:16
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Secheron SEPCOS Control and Protection Relay
Summary
Client-side JavaScript controls may be bypassed by directly running a JS function to reboot the PLC (e.g., from the browser console) or by loading the corresponding, browser accessible PHP script
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-04-16 15:55 UTC
CWE
- CWE-841 - IMPROPER ENFORCEMENT OF BEHAVIORAL WORKFLOW
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics/advisories/icsa-2… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Secheron | SEPCOS Control and Protection Relay firmware package |
Affected:
All versions , < 1.23.21
(custom)
|
Date Public
2022-06-23 00:00
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GHSA-27R2-6RQH-XRG8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-22 00:31 – Updated: 2024-02-22 00:31
VLAI
Details
An authorization bypass vulnerability was discovered in GitLab affecting versions 15.1 prior to 16.7.6, 16.8 prior to 16.8.3, and 16.9 prior to 16.9.1. A developer could bypass CODEOWNERS approvals by creating a merge conflict.
Severity
7.7 (High)
{
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"aliases": [
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],
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"CWE-841"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-02-22T00:15:51Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An authorization bypass vulnerability was discovered in GitLab affecting versions 15.1 prior to 16.7.6, 16.8 prior to 16.8.3, and 16.9 prior to 16.9.1. A developer could bypass CODEOWNERS approvals by creating a merge conflict.",
"id": "GHSA-27r2-6rqh-xrg8",
"modified": "2024-02-22T00:31:03Z",
"published": "2024-02-22T00:31:02Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-0410"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/2296778"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/437988"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
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}
GHSA-2J82-37XG-F9WP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-08 15:33 – Updated: 2026-07-29 15:45
VLAI
Summary
gun has an Unexpected Status Code or Return Value vulnerability
Details
Unexpected Status Code or Return Value vulnerability in ninenines gun (gun_http module) allows a malicious HTTP server to force the client into raw protocol mode via an unsolicited 101 Switching Protocols response.
In gun_http:handle_inform/8, when a 101 Switching Protocols response is received over HTTP/1.1, the function verifies only that the Upgrade header is syntactically valid and that the stream reference is a plain reference(). It does not check whether the client ever sent an Upgrade or Connection: upgrade header on the corresponding request. Because this check is absent, any 101 response (solicited or not) causes gun to dispatch a gun_upgrade message to the caller and transition the entire connection to raw protocol mode.
A malicious or compromised HTTP server can send an unsolicited 101 response to any HTTP/1.1 request, causing the gun client to abandon HTTP framing for that connection. Once in raw mode, gun_raw applies no flow control (flow=infinity) and re-arms socket active mode after every received packet, so the server can flood the client with arbitrary bytes. These are forwarded as unbounded gun_data messages to the owner process, exhausting its mailbox and BEAM memory, ultimately crashing the VM.
This issue affects gun: from 2.0.0 before 2.4.0.
Severity
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Hex",
"name": "gun"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.0.0"
},
{
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}
],
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}
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}
],
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],
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},
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"id": "GHSA-2j82-37xg-f9wp",
"modified": "2026-07-29T15:45:59Z",
"published": "2026-06-08T15:33:00Z",
"references": [
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},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ninenines/gun/commit/5b48068c29ce5e112cb149b5857c7d4dc319a81b"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-43974.html"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/ninenines/gun"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-43974"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "gun has an Unexpected Status Code or Return Value vulnerability"
}
GHSA-3J3R-8QHC-763H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-09 18:31 – Updated: 2024-10-12 00:30
VLAI
Details
A loop hole in the payment logic of Sparkshop v1.16 allows attackers to arbitrarily modify the number of products.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-46307"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-841"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-10-09T17:15:19Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A loop hole in the payment logic of Sparkshop v1.16 allows attackers to arbitrarily modify the number of products.",
"id": "GHSA-3j3r-8qhc-763h",
"modified": "2024-10-12T00:30:47Z",
"published": "2024-10-09T18:31:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-46307"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitee.com/sparkshop/sparkshop"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Yllxx03/CVE/tree/main/CVE-2024-46307"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://sparkshop.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3WQR-83X4-348R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-27 18:31 – Updated: 2026-03-27 21:31
VLAI
Details
A Business Logic vulnerability exists in SourceCodester Pharmacy Product Management System 1.0 in the add-sales.php file. The application fails to verify if the requested sales quantity (txtqty) exceeds the available stock level. An attacker can manipulate the request to purchase a quantity that is significantly higher than the actual available stock.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-30574"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-841"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-27T17:16:28Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A Business Logic vulnerability exists in SourceCodester Pharmacy Product Management System 1.0 in the add-sales.php file. The application fails to verify if the requested sales quantity (txtqty) exceeds the available stock level. An attacker can manipulate the request to purchase a quantity that is significantly higher than the actual available stock.",
"id": "GHSA-3wqr-83x4-348r",
"modified": "2026-03-27T21:31:35Z",
"published": "2026-03-27T18:31:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-30574"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/meifukun/Web-Security-PoCs/blob/main/Pharmacy-Product-Management-System/Logic-AddSales-Overselling.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4H2C-C5G9-52GG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-30 21:31 – Updated: 2026-06-30 21:31
VLAI
Details
IBM watsonx.data intelligence 5.2.0, 5.2.1, 5.2.2, 5.3.0 could allow an authenticated user to perform unauthorized actions due to the improper enforcement of behavioral workflow.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-36333"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-841"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-30T21:16:29Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "IBM watsonx.data intelligence 5.2.0, 5.2.1, 5.2.2, 5.3.0 could allow an authenticated user to perform unauthorized actions due to the improper enforcement of behavioral workflow.",
"id": "GHSA-4h2c-c5g9-52gg",
"modified": "2026-06-30T21:31:45Z",
"published": "2026-06-30T21:31:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-36333"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7277801"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
No mitigation information available for this CWE.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.