Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
15631 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-CG55-Q78G-3H7F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-06-14 00:00 – Updated: 2022-06-28 00:00
VLAI
Details
The bone voice ID TA has a memory overwrite vulnerability. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may result in malicious code execution.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-40036"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-06-13T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The bone voice ID TA has a memory overwrite vulnerability. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may result in malicious code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-cg55-q78g-3h7f",
"modified": "2022-06-28T00:00:55Z",
"published": "2022-06-14T00:00:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-40036"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://device.harmonyos.com/en/docs/security/update/security-bulletins-202201-0000001238736331"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CG5V-GM33-JWMV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:48 – Updated: 2022-12-01 00:30
VLAI
Details
The ABB IDAL HTTP server is vulnerable to a buffer overflow when a long Host header is sent in a web request. The Host header value overflows a buffer and overwrites a Structured Exception Handler (SEH) address. An unauthenticated attacker can submit a Host header value of 2047 bytes or more to overflow the buffer and overwrite the SEH address, which can then be leveraged to execute attacker-controlled code on the server.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-7232"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-06-24T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The ABB IDAL HTTP server is vulnerable to a buffer overflow when a long Host header is sent in a web request. The Host header value overflows a buffer and overwrites a Structured Exception Handler (SEH) address. An unauthenticated attacker can submit a Host header value of 2047 bytes or more to overflow the buffer and overwrite the SEH address, which can then be leveraged to execute attacker-controlled code on the server.",
"id": "GHSA-cg5v-gm33-jwmv",
"modified": "2022-12-01T00:30:43Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:48:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-7232"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://search.abb.com/library/Download.aspx?DocumentID=3ADR010377\u0026LanguageCode=en\u0026DocumentPartId=\u0026Action=Launch"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.darkmatter.ae/xen1thlabs/published-advisories"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/153403/ABB-IDAL-HTTP-Server-Stack-Based-Buffer-Overflow.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2019/Jun/40"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/108886"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CG88-RPVP-CJV5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-11-21 22:04 – Updated: 2022-11-21 22:04
VLAI
Summary
Out of bounds write in grappler in Tensorflow
Details
Impact
The function MakeGrapplerFunctionItem takes arguments that determine the sizes of inputs and outputs. If the inputs given are greater than or equal to the sizes of the outputs, an out-of-bounds memory read or a crash is triggered.
Patches
We have patched the issue in GitHub commit a65411a1d69edfb16b25907ffb8f73556ce36bb7.
The fix will be included in TensorFlow 2.11.0. We will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow 2.10.1.
For more information
Please consult our security guide for more information regarding the security model and how to contact us with issues and questions.
Severity
7.1 (High)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.8.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.9.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.9.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.10.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.10.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow-cpu"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.8.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow-gpu"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.8.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow-cpu"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.9.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.9.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow-gpu"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.9.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.9.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow-cpu"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.10.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.10.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow-gpu"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.10.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.10.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-41902"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-11-21T22:04:06Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-12-06T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Impact\nThe function [MakeGrapplerFunctionItem](https://https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/master/tensorflow/core/grappler/utils/functions.cc#L221) takes arguments that determine the sizes of inputs and outputs. If the inputs given are greater than or equal to the sizes of the outputs, an out-of-bounds memory read or a crash is triggered.\n\n### Patches\nWe have patched the issue in GitHub commit [a65411a1d69edfb16b25907ffb8f73556ce36bb7](https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/commit/a65411a1d69edfb16b25907ffb8f73556ce36bb7).\n\nThe fix will be included in TensorFlow 2.11.0. We will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow 2.10.1.\n\n\n### For more information\nPlease consult [our security guide](https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/master/SECURITY.md) for more information regarding the security model and how to contact us with issues and questions.\n",
"id": "GHSA-cg88-rpvp-cjv5",
"modified": "2022-11-21T22:04:06Z",
"published": "2022-11-21T22:04:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/security/advisories/GHSA-cg88-rpvp-cjv5"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-41902"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/commit/a65411a1d69edfb16b25907ffb8f73556ce36bb7"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/master/tensorflow/core/grappler/utils/functions.cc#L221"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Out of bounds write in grappler in Tensorflow"
}
GHSA-CG93-8QWX-H2MF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:19 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:19
VLAI
Details
RegFilter.sys in IOBit Malware Fighter 6.2 is susceptible to a stack-based buffer overflow when an attacker uses IOCTL 0x8006E048 with a size larger than 8 bytes. This can lead to denial of service or code execution with root privileges.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-19085"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-11-10T03:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "RegFilter.sys in IOBit Malware Fighter 6.2 is susceptible to a stack-based buffer overflow when an attacker uses IOCTL 0x8006E048 with a size larger than 8 bytes. This can lead to denial of service or code execution with root privileges.",
"id": "GHSA-cg93-8qwx-h2mf",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:19:43Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:19:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-19085"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://downwithup.github.io/CVEPosts.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CGC7-WRH2-GFJH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:45 – Updated: 2023-06-20 18:30
VLAI
Details
An attacker could send a crafted HTTP/HTTPS request to render the web server unavailable and/or lead to remote code execution caused by a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability. A cold restart is required for recovering CompactLogix 5370 L1, L2, and L3 Controllers, Compact GuardLogix 5370 controllers, and Armor Compact GuardLogix 5370 Controllers Versions 20 to 30.014 and earlier systems.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-10952"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-05-01T20:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An attacker could send a crafted HTTP/HTTPS request to render the web server unavailable and/or lead to remote code execution caused by a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability. A cold restart is required for recovering CompactLogix 5370 L1, L2, and L3 Controllers, Compact GuardLogix 5370 controllers, and Armor Compact GuardLogix 5370 Controllers Versions 20 to 30.014 and earlier systems.",
"id": "GHSA-cgc7-wrh2-gfjh",
"modified": "2023-06-20T18:30:35Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:45:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-10952"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSA-19-120-01"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://rockwellautomation.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/1075979"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/108118"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CGCR-998G-RRQQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-14 18:30 – Updated: 2026-01-15 15:31
VLAI
Details
Certain HP LaserJet Pro, HP LaserJet Enterprise, and HP LaserJet Managed Printers may potentially be vulnerable to Remote Code Execution and Elevation of Privilege when processing a PostScript print job.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-26508"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-14T17:15:22Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Certain HP LaserJet Pro, HP LaserJet Enterprise, and HP LaserJet Managed Printers may potentially be vulnerable to Remote Code Execution and Elevation of Privilege when processing a PostScript print job.",
"id": "GHSA-cgcr-998g-rrqq",
"modified": "2026-01-15T15:31:14Z",
"published": "2025-02-14T18:30:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-26508"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.hp.com/us-en/document/ish_11953771-11953793-16/hpsbpi04007"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-CGF8-QV4V-RPFV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-26 00:00 – Updated: 2022-05-05 00:00
VLAI
Details
A heap-based buffer overflow exists in rippled before 1.8.5. The vulnerability allows attackers to cause a crash or execute commands remotely on a rippled node, which may lead to XRPL mainnet DoS or compromise. This exposes all digital assets from the Ripple Network to a security threat.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-29077"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-04-25T03:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A heap-based buffer overflow exists in rippled before 1.8.5. The vulnerability allows attackers to cause a crash or execute commands remotely on a rippled node, which may lead to XRPL mainnet DoS or compromise. This exposes all digital assets from the Ripple Network to a security threat.",
"id": "GHSA-cgf8-qv4v-rpfv",
"modified": "2022-05-05T00:00:41Z",
"published": "2022-04-26T00:00:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-29077"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ripple/rippled/compare/1.8.4...1.8.5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://ripple.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://xrpl.org/blog/2022/rippled-1.8.5.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CGHM-HWXQ-74G7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:21 – Updated: 2022-05-14 02:21
VLAI
Details
Adobe Flash Player versions 23.0.0.207 and earlier, 11.2.202.644 and earlier have an exploitable buffer overflow / underflow vulnerability in the RegExp class related to backtrack search functionality. Successful exploitation could lead to arbitrary code execution.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-7869"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2016-12-15T06:59:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Adobe Flash Player versions 23.0.0.207 and earlier, 11.2.202.644 and earlier have an exploitable buffer overflow / underflow vulnerability in the RegExp class related to backtrack search functionality. Successful exploitation could lead to arbitrary code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-cghm-hwxq-74g7",
"modified": "2022-05-14T02:21:49Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T02:21:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-7869"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/security-updates/securitybulletins/2016/ms16-154"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/flash-player/apsb16-39.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201701-17"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-12/msg00064.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-updates/2016-12/msg00112.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016-2947.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/94871"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1037442"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-16-624"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CGMC-8G68-RVHG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:04 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:04
VLAI
Details
In memory management driver, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android SoCAndroid ID: A-183461317
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-0493"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-06-11T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In memory management driver, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android SoCAndroid ID: A-183461317",
"id": "GHSA-cgmc-8g68-rvhg",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:04:59Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:04:59Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-0493"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2021-05-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-CGPC-3QF8-7MX3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-01 00:30 – Updated: 2026-04-02 21:32
VLAI
Details
An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in visionOS 2.4, iOS 18.4 and iPadOS 18.4, macOS Sequoia 15.4. An app may be able to cause unexpected system termination or write kernel memory.
Severity
7.1 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-24257"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-03-31T23:15:22Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in visionOS 2.4, iOS 18.4 and iPadOS 18.4, macOS Sequoia 15.4. An app may be able to cause unexpected system termination or write kernel memory.",
"id": "GHSA-cgpc-3qf8-7mx3",
"modified": "2026-04-02T21:32:16Z",
"published": "2025-04-01T00:30:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-24257"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122371"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122373"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122376"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122378"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/12"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/13"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/8"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.