CWE-522
Allowed-with-ReviewInsufficiently Protected Credentials
Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete
The product transmits or stores authentication credentials, but it uses an insecure method that is susceptible to unauthorized interception and/or retrieval.
1817 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-MXG6-F57Q-5XH5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-08 09:31 – Updated: 2025-09-08 09:31An authenticated, low-privileged attacker can obtain credentials stored on the charge controller including the manufacturer password.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-41682"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-09-08T07:15:36Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An authenticated, low-privileged attacker can obtain credentials stored on the charge controller including the manufacturer password.",
"id": "GHSA-mxg6-f57q-5xh5",
"modified": "2025-09-08T09:31:09Z",
"published": "2025-09-08T09:31:09Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-41682"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://certvde.com/de/advisories/VDE-2025-061"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-P29M-V6J2-FCQM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-25 21:30 – Updated: 2026-03-25 21:30IBM Concert 1.0.0 through 2.2.0 could allow a local user to obtain sensitive information due to missing function level access control.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-36440"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-25T21:16:25Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "IBM Concert 1.0.0 through 2.2.0 could allow a local user to obtain sensitive information due to missing function level access control.",
"id": "GHSA-p29m-v6j2-fcqm",
"modified": "2026-03-25T21:30:36Z",
"published": "2026-03-25T21:30:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-36440"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7267105"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-P2C8-VCC7-Q39Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-28 00:30 – Updated: 2025-02-28 18:31Vue Vben Admin 2.10.1 allows unauthorized login to the backend due to an issue with hardcoded credentials.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-25570"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-27T22:15:38Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Vue Vben Admin 2.10.1 allows unauthorized login to the backend due to an issue with hardcoded credentials.",
"id": "GHSA-p2c8-vcc7-q39q",
"modified": "2025-02-28T18:31:02Z",
"published": "2025-02-28T00:30:51Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-25570"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Hackerhan/Vben-Admin"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-P2JH-44QJ-PF2V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-11-10 12:38 – Updated: 2022-11-10 12:38Impact
When following a redirect, Electron delays a check for redirecting to file:// URLs from other schemes. The contents of the file is not available to the renderer following the redirect, but if the redirect target is a SMB URL such as file://some.website.com/, then in some cases, Windows will connect to that server and attempt NTLM authentication, which can include sending hashed credentials.
Patches
This issue has been fixed in all current stable versions of Electron. Specifically, these versions contain the fixes:
- 21.0.0-beta.1
- 20.0.1
- 19.0.11
- 18.3.7
We recommend all apps upgrade to the latest stable version of Electron.
Workarounds
If upgrading isn't possible, this issue can be addressed without upgrading by preventing redirects to file:// URLs in the WebContents.on('will-redirect') event, for all WebContents:
app.on('web-contents-created', (e, webContents) => {
webContents.on('will-redirect', (e, url) => {
if (/^file:/.test(url)) e.preventDefault()
})
})
For more information
If you have any questions or comments about this advisory, email us at security@electronjs.org.
Credit
Thanks to user @coolcoolnoworries for reporting this issue.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "electron"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "18.3.7"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "electron"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "20.0.0-beta.1"
},
{
"fixed": "20.0.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "electron"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "19.0.0-beta.1"
},
{
"fixed": "19.0.11"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-36077"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-200",
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-11-10T12:38:57Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-11-08T07:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Impact\nWhen following a redirect, Electron delays a check for redirecting to file:// URLs from other schemes. The contents of the file is not available to the renderer following the redirect, but if the redirect target is a SMB URL such as `file://some.website.com/`, then in some cases, Windows will connect to that server and attempt NTLM authentication, which can include sending hashed credentials.\n\n### Patches\nThis issue has been fixed in all current stable versions of Electron. Specifically, these versions contain the fixes:\n\n- 21.0.0-beta.1\n- 20.0.1\n- 19.0.11\n- 18.3.7\n\nWe recommend all apps upgrade to the latest stable version of Electron.\n\n### Workarounds\nIf upgrading isn\u0027t possible, this issue can be addressed without upgrading by preventing redirects to file:// URLs in the `WebContents.on(\u0027will-redirect\u0027)` event, for all WebContents:\n\n```js\napp.on(\u0027web-contents-created\u0027, (e, webContents) =\u003e {\n webContents.on(\u0027will-redirect\u0027, (e, url) =\u003e {\n if (/^file:/.test(url)) e.preventDefault()\n })\n})\n```\n\n### For more information\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory, email us at [security@electronjs.org](mailto:security@electronjs.org).\n\n### Credit\nThanks to user @coolcoolnoworries for reporting this issue.",
"id": "GHSA-p2jh-44qj-pf2v",
"modified": "2022-11-10T12:38:57Z",
"published": "2022-11-10T12:38:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/electron/electron/security/advisories/GHSA-p2jh-44qj-pf2v"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-36077"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/electron/electron"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Exfiltration of hashed SMB credentials on Windows via file:// redirect"
}
GHSA-P2MH-GFCC-WFPP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:15 – Updated: 2022-07-13 00:01An information disclosure issue exist in D-LINK-DIR-615 B2 2.01mt. An attacker can obtain a user name and password by forging a post request to the / getcfg.php page
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-40654"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-09-24T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An information disclosure issue exist in D-LINK-DIR-615 B2 2.01mt. An attacker can obtain a user name and password by forging a post request to the / getcfg.php page",
"id": "GHSA-p2mh-gfcc-wfpp",
"modified": "2022-07-13T00:01:40Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:15:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-40654"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Ilovewomen/D-LINK-DIR-615"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dlink.com/en/security-bulletin"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-P47G-3VX7-VM7R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:42 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:42The Sovremennye Delovye Tekhnologii FX Aggregator terminal client 1 stores authentication credentials in cleartext in login.sav when the Save Password box is checked.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-27187"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-02-12T08:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The Sovremennye Delovye Tekhnologii FX Aggregator terminal client 1 stores authentication credentials in cleartext in login.sav when the Save Password box is checked.",
"id": "GHSA-p47g-3vx7-vm7r",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:42:07Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:42:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27187"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jet-pentest/CVE-2021-27187"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dnb.com/business-directory/company-profiles.pryaniki_ooo.13b676c626e38d534ff1a6a2a9fc7e6a.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-P48Q-C4H7-VJ6X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-30 18:14 – Updated: 2024-02-09 03:32CGI Script Center News Update 1.1 does not properly validate the original news administration password during a password change operation, which allows remote attackers to modify the password without knowing the original password.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2000-0944"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2000-12-19T05:00:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "CGI Script Center News Update 1.1 does not properly validate the original news administration password during a password change operation, which allows remote attackers to modify the password without knowing the original password.",
"id": "GHSA-p48q-c4h7-vj6x",
"modified": "2024-02-09T03:32:50Z",
"published": "2022-04-30T18:14:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2000-0944"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/5433"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://archives.neohapsis.com/archives/bugtraq/2000-10/0402.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/1881"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-P4Q9-WR86-5GJC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-04 18:31 – Updated: 2025-11-04 18:31Radiometrics VizAir is vulnerable to exposure of the system's REST API key through a publicly accessible configuration file. This allows attackers to remotely alter weather data and configurations, automate attacks against multiple instances, and extract sensitive meteorological data, which could potentially compromise airport operations. Additionally, attackers could flood the system with false alerts, leading to a denial-of-service condition and significant disruption to airport operations. Unauthorized remote control over aviation weather monitoring and data manipulation could result in incorrect flight planning and hazardous takeoff and landing conditions.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-54863"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-11-04T17:16:22Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Radiometrics VizAir is vulnerable to exposure of the system\u0027s REST API key through a publicly accessible configuration file. This allows attackers to remotely alter weather data and configurations, automate attacks against multiple instances, and extract sensitive meteorological data, which could potentially compromise airport operations. Additionally, attackers could flood the system with false alerts, leading to a denial-of-service condition and significant disruption to airport operations. Unauthorized remote control over aviation weather monitoring and data manipulation could result in incorrect flight planning and hazardous takeoff and landing conditions.",
"id": "GHSA-p4q9-wr86-5gjc",
"modified": "2025-11-04T18:31:58Z",
"published": "2025-11-04T18:31:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54863"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cisagov/CSAF/blob/develop/csaf_files/OT/white/2025/icsa-25-308-04.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-25-308-04"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-P522-8XVV-FCR2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-15 03:30 – Updated: 2024-08-15 03:30A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, has been found in SourceCodester Prison Management System 1.0. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /uploadImage/Profile/ of the component Profile Image Handler. The manipulation leads to insufficiently protected credentials. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-7813"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-08-15T03:15:06Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, has been found in SourceCodester Prison Management System 1.0. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /uploadImage/Profile/ of the component Profile Image Handler. The manipulation leads to insufficiently protected credentials. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.",
"id": "GHSA-p522-8xvv-fcr2",
"modified": "2024-08-15T03:30:28Z",
"published": "2024-08-15T03:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-7813"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/CYB84/CVE_Writeup/blob/main/Directory%20Listing.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.274709"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.274709"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.391358"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-P56P-X426-8Q87
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-20 00:30 – Updated: 2025-04-01 18:30Insufficiently Protected Credentials, : Improper Access Control vulnerability in Brivo ACS100, ACS300 allows Password Recovery Exploitation, Bypassing Physical Security.This issue affects ACS100, ACS300: from 5.2.4 before 6.2.4.3.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-6259"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284",
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-02-19T22:15:48Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Insufficiently Protected Credentials, : Improper Access Control vulnerability in Brivo ACS100, ACS300 allows Password Recovery Exploitation, Bypassing Physical Security.This issue affects ACS100, ACS300: from 5.2.4 before 6.2.4.3.",
"id": "GHSA-p56p-x426-8q87",
"modified": "2025-04-01T18:30:33Z",
"published": "2024-02-20T00:30:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-6259"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sra.io/advisories"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.brivo.com/l/en/article/g82txdwepa-brivo-firmware-release-notes#brivo_firmware_release_6_2_4_3"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Use an appropriate security mechanism to protect the credentials.
Mitigation
Make appropriate use of cryptography to protect the credentials.
Mitigation
Use industry standards to protect the credentials (e.g. LDAP, keystore, etc.).
CAPEC-102: Session Sidejacking
Session sidejacking takes advantage of an unencrypted communication channel between a victim and target system. The attacker sniffs traffic on a network looking for session tokens in unencrypted traffic. Once a session token is captured, the attacker performs malicious actions by using the stolen token with the targeted application to impersonate the victim. This attack is a specific method of session hijacking, which is exploiting a valid session token to gain unauthorized access to a target system or information. Other methods to perform a session hijacking are session fixation, cross-site scripting, or compromising a user or server machine and stealing the session token.
CAPEC-474: Signature Spoofing by Key Theft
An attacker obtains an authoritative or reputable signer's private signature key by theft and then uses this key to forge signatures from the original signer to mislead a victim into performing actions that benefit the attacker.
CAPEC-50: Password Recovery Exploitation
An attacker may take advantage of the application feature to help users recover their forgotten passwords in order to gain access into the system with the same privileges as the original user. Generally password recovery schemes tend to be weak and insecure.
CAPEC-509: Kerberoasting
Through the exploitation of how service accounts leverage Kerberos authentication with Service Principal Names (SPNs), the adversary obtains and subsequently cracks the hashed credentials of a service account target to exploit its privileges. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. As an authenticated user, the adversary may request Active Directory and obtain a service ticket with portions encrypted via RC4 with the private key of the authenticated account. By extracting the local ticket and saving it disk, the adversary can brute force the hashed value to reveal the target account credentials.
CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.
CAPEC-555: Remote Services with Stolen Credentials
This pattern of attack involves an adversary that uses stolen credentials to leverage remote services such as RDP, telnet, SSH, and VNC to log into a system. Once access is gained, any number of malicious activities could be performed.
CAPEC-560: Use of Known Domain Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions under the guise of an authenticated user or service.
CAPEC-561: Windows Admin Shares with Stolen Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows administrator credentials (e.g. userID/password) to access Windows Admin Shares on a local machine or within a Windows domain.
CAPEC-600: Credential Stuffing
An adversary tries known username/password combinations against different systems, applications, or services to gain additional authenticated access. Credential Stuffing attacks rely upon the fact that many users leverage the same username/password combination for multiple systems, applications, and services.
CAPEC-644: Use of Captured Hashes (Pass The Hash)
An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows domain credential hash values to access systems within the domain that leverage the Lan Man (LM) and/or NT Lan Man (NTLM) authentication protocols.
CAPEC-645: Use of Captured Tickets (Pass The Ticket)
An adversary uses stolen Kerberos tickets to access systems/resources that leverage the Kerberos authentication protocol. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. An adversary can obtain any one of these tickets (e.g. Service Ticket, Ticket Granting Ticket, Silver Ticket, or Golden Ticket) to authenticate to a system/resource without needing the account's credentials. Depending on the ticket obtained, the adversary may be able to access a particular resource or generate TGTs for any account within an Active Directory Domain.
CAPEC-652: Use of Known Kerberos Credentials
An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Kerberos credentials (e.g. Kerberos service account userID/password or Kerberos Tickets) with the goal of achieving authenticated access to additional systems, applications, or services within the domain.
CAPEC-653: Use of Known Operating System Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate operating system credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions on the system, under the guise of an authenticated user or service. This applies to any Operating System.