Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-521

Weakness Allowed

Weak Password Requirements

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product does not require that users should have strong passwords.

Mapping guidance

This CWE entry is at the Base level of abstraction, which is a preferred level of abstraction for mapping to the root causes of vulnerabilities.

Carefully read both the name and description to ensure that this mapping is an appropriate fit. Do not try to 'force' a mapping to a lower-level Base/Variant simply to comply with this preferred level of abstraction.

Relationships and members
ChildOf: CWE-1391 · View CWE-1000
ChildOf: CWE-287 · View CWE-1003
Modes of introduction
Architecture and Design

COMMISSION: This weakness refers to an incorrect design related to an architectural security tactic.

Implementation

Not enforcing the password policy stated in a products design can allow users to create passwords that do not provide the necessary level of protection.

Detection methods

Automated Static Analysis

Automated static analysis, commonly referred to as Static Application Security Testing (SAST), can find some instances of this weakness by analyzing source code (or binary/compiled code) without having to execute it. Typically, this is done by building a model of data flow and control flow, then searching for potentially-vulnerable patterns that connect "sources" (origins of input) with "sinks" (destinations where the data interacts with external components, a lower layer such as the OS, etc.)

Effectiveness: High

Content history
Submission: Anonymous Tool Vendor (under NDA) · 2006-07-19 · CWE Draft 3
Contribution: Camille Gouttebroze · CAST Software · 2025-03-17 · CWE 4.18

suggested removal of password expiration as an acceptable mitigation and provided references

Modification: Eric Dalci · Cigital · 2008-07-01 · CWE 1.0

updated Potential_Mitigations, Time_of_Introduction

Modification: · Veracode · 2008-08-15 · CWE 1.0

Suggested OWASP Top Ten 2004 mapping

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2008-09-08 · CWE 1.0

updated Description, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2009-05-27 · CWE 1.4

updated Related_Attack_Patterns

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2011-03-29 · CWE 1.12

updated Potential_Mitigations, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2011-06-01 · CWE 1.13

updated Common_Consequences

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2012-05-11 · CWE 2.2

updated Common_Consequences, References, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2014-07-30 · CWE 2.8

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2017-11-08 · CWE 3.0

updated Modes_of_Introduction, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2019-06-20 · CWE 3.3

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2020-02-24 · CWE 4.0

updated Applicable_Platforms, Description, Modes_of_Introduction, Potential_Mitigations, References

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2020-08-20 · CWE 4.2

updated Related_Attack_Patterns

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2021-10-28 · CWE 4.6

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2022-10-13 · CWE 4.9

updated Observed_Examples, Potential_Mitigations, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2023-04-27 · CWE 4.11

updated Detection_Factors, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2023-06-29 · CWE 4.12

updated Mapping_Notes

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2025-09-09 · CWE 4.18

updated Potential_Mitigations, References

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2025-12-11 · CWE 4.19

updated Background_Details, Description, Diagram, Potential_Mitigations, Relationships, Weakness_Ordinalities

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2026-10-28 · CWE 5.0

updated Potential_Mitigations

368 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-128910 (GCVE-0-2026-128910)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-13 14:31 – Updated: 2026-11-13 14:31 Unsupported When Assigned
VLAI
Title
DJI AeroScope Mobile: Hard-coded root password on the serial console
Summary
Use of hard-coded credentials (CWE-798) on the 1300 communications board in DJI AeroScope Mobile (TP703) firmware 03.00.00.26, with 1300 communications board firmware 02.00.07.12 through 02.00.08.40, allows an attacker with physical access to the board's serial console to log in as root. The same password hash is present on every unit and uses DES crypt, so the password can be recovered offline from the distributed firmware. No network login service accepts this password by default. Confirmed on a physical device. NOTE: This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer. DJI has discontinued AeroScope Mobile and no fixed firmware is available.
CWE
  • CWE-798 - Use of Hard-coded Credentials
  • CWE-916 - Use of Password Hash With Insufficient Computational Effort
  • CWE-521 - Weak Password Requirements
Assigner
NCSC.ch CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 79/100 over 85 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-116417 (GCVE-0-2026-116417)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-13 08:52 – Updated: 2026-11-13 08:52
VLAI
Summary
Dell PowerScale InsightIQ, versions 6.3.0 through 6.4.0, contains a Weak Password Requirements vulnerability. An unauthenticated attacker with adjacent network access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to Information disclosure and Unauthorized access.
CWE
  • CWE-521 - Weak Password Requirements
Assigner
dell CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 70/100 over 575 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Dell PowerScale InsightIQ Affected: 0 , < 6.4.1 or later (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-11-03 06:30
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-112193 (GCVE-0-2026-112193)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-19 16:45 – Updated: 2026-10-22 20:51
VLAI
Title
Webkul Aureus ERP UserForm.php weak password
Summary
A vulnerability was detected in Webkul Aureus ERP up to 1.6.0. Impacted is an unknown function of the file plugins/webkul/security/src/Filament/Resources/UserResource/Schemas/UserForm.php. Performing a manipulation of the argument Password results in weak password requirements. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitability is considered difficult. The exploit is now public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-22 20:51 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-521 - Weak Password Requirements
Assigner
VulDB CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 83/100 over 3859 records in the last 180 days details
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/422296 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/vuln/422296/cti signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-112193 third-party-advisory
https://vuldb.com/submit/973095 third-party-advisory
https://github.com/KaranParelkar/Auresus_vulnerab… exploit
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Webkul Aureus ERP Affected: 1.0
Affected: 1.1
Affected: 1.2
Affected: 1.3
Affected: 1.4
Affected: 1.5
Affected: 1.6.0
    cpe:2.3:a:webkul:aureus_erp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-85216 (GCVE-0-2026-85216)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-03 13:59 – Updated: 2026-09-03 14:26
VLAI
Title
MISP LDAP and LinOTP Authentication Bypass via Empty or Invalid Credentials
Summary
MISP contains an authentication bypass vulnerability in its LDAP and LinOTP authentication components due to insufficient validation of user-supplied credentials. The custom LdapAuthenticate and LinOTPAuthenticate components replace CakePHP's FormAuthenticate implementation but did not replicate its credential validation checks. As a result, empty or non-string values could reach the underlying authentication mechanisms. In the LDAP authentication path, an attacker able to identify a valid directory user's email address could submit an empty password. The empty credential could be passed to ldap_bind(), where an LDAP server accepting unauthenticated binds may return a successful result for a valid distinguished name combined with an empty password. MISP could consequently treat the attacker as the corresponding authenticated directory user without verification of the user's password. The issue also affected the LinOTP authentication component. Invalid credential types were not rejected before being processed, and when mixed authentication was enabled, an empty password could be checked against a locally stored MISP password hash. LDAP-provisioned MISP accounts could additionally be created with an empty local password because account creation skipped normal validation, resulting in a hash corresponding to an empty password. This could permit authentication through the local fallback mechanism when such an account was no longer resolved through LDAP. Successful exploitation could allow a remote unauthenticated attacker to impersonate an existing MISP user. If the targeted account has administrative or other privileged permissions, the attacker could gain corresponding access to sensitive threat-intelligence data, modify or delete information, alter configuration, or perform other privileged operations. The patch resolves the vulnerability by requiring authentication identifiers and passwords to be valid strings, rejecting empty passwords where they are not explicitly permitted, and assigning a randomly generated local password to LDAP-provisioned accounts instead of storing a hash derived from an empty password.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-03 14:26 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-521 - Weak Password Requirements
Assigner
CIRCL CNA under the ENISA root
CNA scorecard A 91/100 over 255 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
misp misp Affected: 0 , ≤ 2.5.45 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-56577 (GCVE-0-2026-56577)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-21 17:32 – Updated: 2026-07-22 18:26
VLAI
Title
HCL MyCloud affected by Weak Password Policy
Summary
HCL MyCloud was affected with Weak Password Policy. It may increase the risk of account compromise through brute-force or credential-based attacks.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-22 18:13 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-521 - Weak Password Requirements
Assigner
HCL CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 64/100 over 187 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
HCLSoftware MyCloud Affected: 10.8.2
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-41038 (GCVE-0-2026-41038)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-21 10:22 – Updated: 2026-04-21 13:14
VLAI
Title
Weak Password Policy Vulnerability in Quantum Networks Router QN-I-470
Summary
This vulnerability exists in Quantum Networks router due to lack of enforcement of strong password policies in the web-based management interface. An attacker on the same network could exploit this vulnerability by performing password guessing or brute-force attacks against user accounts, leading to unauthorized access to the targeted device.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-21 13:14 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-521 - Weak password requirements
Assigner
CERT-In CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 90/100 over 24 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Quantum Networks Router QN-I-470 Affected: at 6.1.1.B1 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:quantum_networks:router_qn-i-470:at_6.1.1.b1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-41021 (GCVE-0-2026-41021)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-27 11:23 – Updated: 2026-11-04 20:29
VLAI
Summary
Eaton easyE4 uses an insufficiently strong password policy. An attacker who obtains a password hash, including through CVE-2026-41020, could perform an offline password-guessing attack and potentially recover user credentials.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-04 18:45 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-521 - Weak password requirements
Assigner
Eaton CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard – unranked: 6 records in the last 180 days, 10 needed details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Eaton easyE4 Affected: 0 , < 2.46 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-35097 (GCVE-0-2026-35097)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-30 13:37 – Updated: 2026-06-30 14:41
VLAI
Title
Weak Password Requirements in KTM System e-BOK
Summary
KTM System e-BOK enforces a maximum password length of six numeric digits and does not permit the use of any alphabetic, special, or extended characters. This issue was fixed in the patch published in June 2026.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-30 14:41 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-521 - Weak Password Requirements
Assigner
CERT-PL CNA under the ENISA root
CNA scorecard B 81/100 over 252 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
KTM System e-BOK Affected: 0 , < 06.2026 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-34203 (GCVE-0-2026-34203)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-31 19:27 – Updated: 2026-03-31 20:30
VLAI
Title
Nautobot: Management of users via REST API does not apply configured password validators
Summary
Nautobot is a Network Source of Truth and Network Automation Platform. Prior to versions 2.4.30 and 3.0.10, user creation and editing via the REST API fails to apply the password validation rules defined by Django's AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS setting (which defaults to an empty list, i.e., no specific rules, but can be configured in Nautobot's nautobot_config.py to apply various rules if desired). This can potentially allow for the creation or modification of users to have passwords that are weak or otherwise do not comply with configured standards. This issue has been patched in versions 2.4.30 and 3.0.10.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-03-31 20:29 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-521 - Weak Password Requirements
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7868 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
nautobot nautobot Affected: < 2.4.30
Affected: >= 3.0.0, < 3.0.10
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-33771 (GCVE-0-2026-33771)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-09 21:33 – Updated: 2026-04-13 18:06
VLAI
Title
CTP OS: Configuring password requirements does not work which permits the use of weak passwords
Summary
A Weak Password Requirements vulnerability in the password management function of Juniper Networks CTP OS might allow an unauthenticated, network-based attacker to exploit weak passwords of local accounts and potentially take full control of the device. The password management menu enables the administrator to set password complexity requirements, but these settings are not saved. The issue can be verified with the menu option "Show password requirements". Failure to enforce the intended requirements can lead to weak passwords being used, which significantly increases the likelihood that an attacker can guess these and subsequently attain unauthorized access. This issue affects CTP OS versions 9.2R1 and 9.2R2.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-13 17:53 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-521 - Weak Password Requirements
Assigner
juniper CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 84/100 over 193 records in the last 180 days details
References
URL Tags
https://kb.juniper.net/JSA107864 vendor-advisory
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Juniper Networks CTP OS Affected: 9.2R1 , ≤ 9.2R2 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-04-08 04:00
Show details on NVD website

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      "title": "CTP OS: Configuring password requirements does not work which permits the use of weak passwords",
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    "assignerShortName": "juniper",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-33771",
    "datePublished": "2026-04-09T21:33:57.007Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-03-23T19:46:13.667Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-04-13T18:06:19.274Z",
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Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • A product's design should require adherence to an appropriate password policy. Specific password requirements depend strongly on contextual factors, but it is recommended to contain the following attributes:
  • Enforcement of a minimum and maximum length
  • Restrictions against password reuse
  • Restrictions against using common passwords
  • Restrictions against using contextual string in the password (e.g., user id, app name)
  • Depending on the threat model, the password policy may include several additional attributes.
  • Complex passwords requiring mixed character sets (alpha, numeric, special, mixed case)
  • Increasing the range of characters makes the password harder to crack and may be appropriate for systems relying on single factor authentication.
  • Unfortunately, a complex password may be difficult to memorize, encouraging a user to select a short password or to incorrectly manage the password (write it down).
  • Another disadvantage of this approach is that it often does not result in a significant increase in overall password complexity due to people's predictable usage of various symbols.
  • Large Minimum Length (encouraging passphrases instead of passwords)
  • Increasing the number of characters makes the password harder to crack and may be appropriate for systems relying on single factor authentication.
  • A disadvantage of this approach is that selecting a good passphrase is not easy and poor passwords can still be generated. Some prompting may be needed to encourage long un-predictable passwords.
  • Randomly Chosen Secrets
  • Generating a password for the user can help make sure that length and complexity requirements are met, and can result in secure passwords being used.
  • A disadvantage of this approach is that the resulting password or passphrase may be too difficult to memorize, encouraging them to be written down. However, there is growing adoption of password managers that allow users to manage many passwords with varying complexity requirements.
  • See NIST 800-63B [REF-1053] for further information on password requirements.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Consider a second authentication factor beyond the password, which prevents the password from being a single point of failure. See CWE-308 for further information.

Mitigation
Implementation

Consider implementing a password complexity meter to inform users when a chosen password meets the required attributes.

Mitigation
Implementation

Previously, "password expiration" was widely advocated as a defense-in-depth approach to minimize the risk of weak passwords, and it has become a common practice. Password expiration requires a password to be changed within a fixed time window (such as every 90 days). However, this approach has significant limitations in the current threat landscape, and its utility has been reduced in light of the adoption of related protection mechanisms (such as password complexity and computational effort), along with the recognition that regular password changes often caused users to generate more predictable passwords. As a result, this is now a Discouraged Common Practice [REF-1488] [REF-1489], especially as the sole factor in protecting passwords. It is still strongly encouraged to force password changes in case of evidence of compromise, but this is not the same as a forced "expiration" on an arbitrary time frame.

CAPEC-112: Brute Force

In this attack, some asset (information, functionality, identity, etc.) is protected by a finite secret value. The attacker attempts to gain access to this asset by using trial-and-error to exhaustively explore all the possible secret values in the hope of finding the secret (or a value that is functionally equivalent) that will unlock the asset.

CAPEC-16: Dictionary-based Password Attack

An attacker tries each of the words in a dictionary as passwords to gain access to the system via some user's account. If the password chosen by the user was a word within the dictionary, this attack will be successful (in the absence of other mitigations). This is a specific instance of the password brute forcing attack pattern.

Dictionary Attacks differ from similar attacks such as Password Spraying (CAPEC-565) and Credential Stuffing (CAPEC-600), since they leverage unknown username/password combinations and don't care about inducing account lockouts.

CAPEC-49: Password Brute Forcing

An adversary tries every possible value for a password until they succeed. A brute force attack, if feasible computationally, will always be successful because it will essentially go through all possible passwords given the alphabet used (lower case letters, upper case letters, numbers, symbols, etc.) and the maximum length of the password.

CAPEC-509: Kerberoasting

Through the exploitation of how service accounts leverage Kerberos authentication with Service Principal Names (SPNs), the adversary obtains and subsequently cracks the hashed credentials of a service account target to exploit its privileges. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. As an authenticated user, the adversary may request Active Directory and obtain a service ticket with portions encrypted via RC4 with the private key of the authenticated account. By extracting the local ticket and saving it disk, the adversary can brute force the hashed value to reveal the target account credentials.

CAPEC-55: Rainbow Table Password Cracking

An attacker gets access to the database table where hashes of passwords are stored. They then use a rainbow table of pre-computed hash chains to attempt to look up the original password. Once the original password corresponding to the hash is obtained, the attacker uses the original password to gain access to the system.

CAPEC-555: Remote Services with Stolen Credentials

This pattern of attack involves an adversary that uses stolen credentials to leverage remote services such as RDP, telnet, SSH, and VNC to log into a system. Once access is gained, any number of malicious activities could be performed.

CAPEC-561: Windows Admin Shares with Stolen Credentials

An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows administrator credentials (e.g. userID/password) to access Windows Admin Shares on a local machine or within a Windows domain.

CAPEC-565: Password Spraying

In a Password Spraying attack, an adversary tries a small list (e.g. 3-5) of common or expected passwords, often matching the target's complexity policy, against a known list of user accounts to gain valid credentials. The adversary tries a particular password for each user account, before moving onto the next password in the list. This approach assists the adversary in remaining undetected by avoiding rapid or frequent account lockouts. The adversary may then reattempt the process with additional passwords, once enough time has passed to prevent inducing a lockout.

CAPEC-70: Try Common or Default Usernames and Passwords

An adversary may try certain common or default usernames and passwords to gain access into the system and perform unauthorized actions. An adversary may try an intelligent brute force using empty passwords, known vendor default credentials, as well as a dictionary of common usernames and passwords. Many vendor products come preconfigured with default (and thus well-known) usernames and passwords that should be deleted prior to usage in a production environment. It is a common mistake to forget to remove these default login credentials. Another problem is that users would pick very simple (common) passwords (e.g. "secret" or "password") that make it easier for the attacker to gain access to the system compared to using a brute force attack or even a dictionary attack using a full dictionary.