CWE-345
DiscouragedInsufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product does not sufficiently verify the origin or authenticity of data, in a way that causes it to accept invalid data.
939 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-JCQ2-WPV8-87H7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-13 18:31 – Updated: 2026-04-08 18:32The EventPrime – Events Calendar, Bookings and Tickets plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to payment bypass in all versions up to, and including, 3.4.2. This is due to the plugin allowing unauthenticated users to update the status of order payments. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to book events for free.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-1321"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-345"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-13T16:15:19Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The EventPrime \u2013 Events Calendar, Bookings and Tickets plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to payment bypass in all versions up to, and including, 3.4.2. This is due to the plugin allowing unauthenticated users to update the status of order payments. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to book events for free.",
"id": "GHSA-jcq2-wpv8-87h7",
"modified": "2026-04-08T18:32:45Z",
"published": "2024-03-13T18:31:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-1321"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026old=3033882%40eventprime-event-calendar-management\u0026new=3033882%40eventprime-event-calendar-management\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail="
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/765d0933-8db2-471c-ad4e-e19d3b4ff015?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JFJ4-X686-G8VV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:33 – Updated: 2022-10-21 19:01PackageKit's apt backend mistakenly treated all local debs as trusted. The apt security model is based on repository trust and not on the contents of individual files. On sites with configured PolicyKit rules this may allow users to install malicious packages.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-16122"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-345"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-11-07T04:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "PackageKit\u0027s apt backend mistakenly treated all local debs as trusted. The apt security model is based on repository trust and not on the contents of individual files. On sites with configured PolicyKit rules this may allow users to install malicious packages.",
"id": "GHSA-jfj4-x686-g8vv",
"modified": "2022-10-21T19:01:11Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:33:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-16122"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/packagekit/+bug/1882098"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JFRH-RP29-7J36
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:09 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:09A component of the HarmonyOS has a Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity vulnerability. Local attackers may exploit this vulnerability to cause persistent dos.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-22419"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-345"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-08-03T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A component of the HarmonyOS has a Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity vulnerability. Local attackers may exploit this vulnerability to cause persistent dos.",
"id": "GHSA-jfrh-rp29-7j36",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:09:49Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:09:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-22419"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://device.harmonyos.com/cn/docs/security/update/oem_security_update_phone_202106-0000001165452077"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-JGG9-RW32-44PJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-14 20:15 – Updated: 2026-06-09 10:19Impact
Persistent local-pty code execution via imported bookmarks or compromised sync targets. Affects users who import bookmark JSON files or who have electerm sync configured (gist/WebDAV). The attacker can inject exec* fields or global config to cause remote code to run when a bookmark is opened or when sync is applied.
Patches
Not yet
Workarounds
- Do not import unsafe data
References
- Report / credit: https://github.com/Curly-Haired-Baboon
- Electerm releases: https://github.com/electerm/electerm/releases
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "electerm"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "3.8.8"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-45058"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-345",
"CWE-494",
"CWE-915",
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-14T20:15:42Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-28T18:16:34Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "### Impact\n_Persistent local-pty code execution via imported bookmarks or compromised sync targets. Affects users who import bookmark JSON files or who have electerm sync configured (gist/WebDAV). The attacker can inject `exec*` fields or global config to cause remote code to run when a bookmark is opened or when sync is applied._\n\n### Patches\n\nNot yet\n\n### Workarounds\n- Do not import unsafe data\n\n### References\n- Report / credit: https://github.com/Curly-Haired-Baboon\n- Electerm releases: https://github.com/electerm/electerm/releases",
"id": "GHSA-jgg9-rw32-44pj",
"modified": "2026-06-09T10:19:27Z",
"published": "2026-05-14T20:15:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/electerm/electerm/security/advisories/GHSA-jgg9-rw32-44pj"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-45058"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/electerm/electerm"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Electerm: Importing unsafe bookmark data could lead to unsafe operation when clicking local type bookmark"
}
GHSA-JGGH-5RMH-R6H5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-03 12:30 – Updated: 2026-05-07 22:30A security flaw has been discovered in Dolibarr ERP CRM up to 23.0.2. This vulnerability affects the function dol_verifyHash in the library htdocs/core/lib/security.lib.php of the component Online Signature Module. The manipulation results in improper verification of cryptographic signature. The attack may be performed from remote. Attacks of this nature are highly complex. It is stated that the exploitability is difficult. The exploit has been released to the public and may be used for attacks. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "dolibarr/dolibarr"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "15.0.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-7689"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-345"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-07T22:30:07Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-03T10:16:17Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "A security flaw has been discovered in Dolibarr ERP CRM up to 23.0.2. This vulnerability affects the function dol_verifyHash in the library htdocs/core/lib/security.lib.php of the component Online Signature Module. The manipulation results in improper verification of cryptographic signature. The attack may be performed from remote. Attacks of this nature are highly complex. It is stated that the exploitability is difficult. The exploit has been released to the public and may be used for attacks. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-jggh-5rmh-r6h5",
"modified": "2026-05-07T22:30:07Z",
"published": "2026-05-03T12:30:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-7689"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/Shaon-Xis/d6ae069fc54f006457b68a91d5a8e158"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/Dolibarr/dolibarr"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/801794"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/360859"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/360859/cti"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Dolibarr has Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity "
}
GHSA-JGP8-HJ42-F7F6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-06-22 00:01 – Updated: 2022-06-22 00:01An unauthenticated, remote attacker could upload malicious logic to the devices based on ProConOS/ProConOS eCLR in order to gain full control over the device.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-31801"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-345"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-06-21T08:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An unauthenticated, remote attacker could upload malicious logic to the devices based on ProConOS/ProConOS eCLR in order to gain full control over the device.",
"id": "GHSA-jgp8-hj42-f7f6",
"modified": "2022-06-22T00:01:01Z",
"published": "2022-06-22T00:01:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-31801"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert.vde.com/en/advisories/VDE-2022-026"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JHMF-6W7J-G482
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-06 12:30 – Updated: 2023-03-11 03:30A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in Zerocoin libzerocoin. Affected is the function CoinSpend::CoinSpend of the file CoinSpend.cpp of the component Proof Handler. The manipulation leads to insufficient verification of data authenticity. Continious delivery with rolling releases is used by this product. Therefore, no version details of affected nor updated releases are available. The name of the patch is ce103a09ec079d0a0ed95475992348bed6e860de. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. VDB-222318 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-20180"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-345"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-03-06T11:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in Zerocoin libzerocoin. Affected is the function CoinSpend::CoinSpend of the file CoinSpend.cpp of the component Proof Handler. The manipulation leads to insufficient verification of data authenticity. Continious delivery with rolling releases is used by this product. Therefore, no version details of affected nor updated releases are available. The name of the patch is ce103a09ec079d0a0ed95475992348bed6e860de. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. VDB-222318 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-jhmf-6w7j-g482",
"modified": "2023-03-11T03:30:18Z",
"published": "2023-03-06T12:30:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-20180"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Zerocoin/libzerocoin/pull/16"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Zerocoin/libzerocoin/commit/ce103a09ec079d0a0ed95475992348bed6e860de"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.222318"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.222318"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JHPV-9W3G-H4M8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:47 – Updated: 2024-04-04 00:52A vulnerability in the BIOS upgrade utility of Cisco Unified Computing System (UCS) C-Series Rack Servers could allow an authenticated, local attacker to install compromised BIOS firmware on an affected device. The vulnerability is due to insufficient validation of the firmware image file. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by executing the BIOS upgrade utility with a specific set of options. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to bypass the firmware signature-verification process and install compromised BIOS firmware on an affected device.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-1880"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-345"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-06-05T17:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in the BIOS upgrade utility of Cisco Unified Computing System (UCS) C-Series Rack Servers could allow an authenticated, local attacker to install compromised BIOS firmware on an affected device. The vulnerability is due to insufficient validation of the firmware image file. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by executing the BIOS upgrade utility with a specific set of options. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to bypass the firmware signature-verification process and install compromised BIOS firmware on an affected device.",
"id": "GHSA-jhpv-9w3g-h4m8",
"modified": "2024-04-04T00:52:54Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:47:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-1880"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20190605-ucs-biossig-bypass"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/108680"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JJX5-3CPJ-F2VQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 00:35 – Updated: 2022-05-17 00:35The Good for Enterprise application 3.0.0.415 for Android does not use signature protection for its Authentication Delegation API intent. Also, the Good Dynamic application activation process does not attempt to detect malicious activation attempts involving modified names beginning with a com.good.gdgma substring. Consequently, an attacker could obtain access to intranet data. This issue is only relevant in cases where the user has already downloaded a malicious Android application.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2015-9232"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-345"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-09-20T22:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Good for Enterprise application 3.0.0.415 for Android does not use signature protection for its Authentication Delegation API intent. Also, the Good Dynamic application activation process does not attempt to detect malicious activation attempts involving modified names beginning with a com.good.gdgma substring. Consequently, an attacker could obtain access to intranet data. This issue is only relevant in cases where the user has already downloaded a malicious Android application.",
"id": "GHSA-jjx5-3cpj-f2vq",
"modified": "2022-05-17T00:35:15Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T00:35:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-9232"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://community.blackberry.com/community/blogs/blog/2015/10/02/what-you-need-to-know-modzero-insecure-application-coupling"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.modzero.ch/advisories/MZ-15-03-GOOD-Auth-Delegation.txt"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/536543"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JMF4-M7J9-G72R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-01 20:44 – Updated: 2026-07-01 20:44Impact
A vulnerability has been identified in Fleet when the webhook endpoint is configured without a secret; an attacker can forge webhook requests. The attacker doesn't need to know the specific repository or path configured in the GitRepo resource to make Fleet process these requests.
An attacker can exploit this vulnerability to cause the following impacts: 1. Trigger continuous repository re-cloning, which increases network traffic and can deplete resources on the management cluster. 2. Downgrade running services to any historical revision available in the remote Git repository. This risk applies if the attacker has read access to the target Git repository and knows its configured path.
Please consult the associated MITRE ATT&CK - Technique - T1499.004: Endpoint Denial of Service for further information about this category of attack.
Patches
To resolve this vulnerability, upgrade Fleet to a patched version. This upgrade version escapes the URL and path to the remote repository received from webhooks, which prevents regular expressions from being used as a replacement for the URL and path.
Patched versions of Fleet include releases v0.15.2, v0.14.6, 0.13.11, and v0.12.15.
Workarounds
If you can't upgrade to a fixed version, please make sure to only enable webhooks with a shared secret.
Credits
This security issue was reported by the following collaborators according to our responsible disclosure policy:
- Radisauskas Arnoldas from NATO and the NATO Cyber Security Centre (NCSC).
References
If you have any questions or comments about this advisory: - Reach out to the SUSE Rancher Security team for security related inquiries. - Open an issue in the Rancher repository. - Verify with our support matrix and product support lifecycle.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/rancher/fleet"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0.15.0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.15.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/rancher/fleet"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0.14.0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.14.6"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/rancher/fleet"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0.13.0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.13.11"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/rancher/fleet"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0.12.0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.12.15"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-44937"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-345"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-01T20:44:24Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Impact\nA vulnerability has been identified in Fleet when the webhook endpoint is configured without a secret; an attacker can forge webhook requests. The attacker doesn\u0027t need to know the specific repository or path configured in the GitRepo resource to make Fleet process these requests.\n\nAn attacker can exploit this vulnerability to cause the following impacts:\n1. Trigger continuous repository re-cloning, which increases network traffic and can deplete resources on the management cluster.\n2. Downgrade running services to any historical revision available in the remote Git repository. This risk applies if the attacker has read access to the target Git repository and knows its configured path.\n\nPlease consult the associated [MITRE ATT\u0026CK - Technique - T1499.004: Endpoint Denial of Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1499/) for further information about this category of attack.\n\n### Patches\nTo resolve this vulnerability, upgrade Fleet to a patched version. This upgrade version escapes the URL and path to the remote repository received from webhooks, which prevents regular expressions from being used as a replacement for the URL and path.\n\nPatched versions of Fleet include releases `v0.15.2`, `v0.14.6`, `0.13.11`, and `v0.12.15`.\n\n### Workarounds\nIf you can\u0027t upgrade to a fixed version, please make sure to only enable webhooks with a shared secret.\n\n### Credits\n\nThis security issue was reported by the following collaborators according to our responsible disclosure policy:\n\n- Radisauskas Arnoldas from NATO and the NATO Cyber Security Centre (NCSC).\n\n### References\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory:\n- Reach out to the [SUSE Rancher Security team](https://github.com/rancher/rancher/security/policy) for security related inquiries.\n- Open an issue in the [Rancher](https://github.com/rancher/rancher/issues/new/choose) repository.\n- Verify with our [support matrix](https://www.suse.com/suse-rancher/support-matrix/all-supported-versions/) and [product support lifecycle](https://www.suse.com/lifecycle/).",
"id": "GHSA-jmf4-m7j9-g72r",
"modified": "2026-07-01T20:44:24Z",
"published": "2026-07-01T20:44:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rancher/fleet/security/advisories/GHSA-jmf4-m7j9-g72r"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/rancher/fleet"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Rancher Fleet has Unauthenticated Webhook: Regex Injection via Unsanitized Repository URL Components"
}
No mitigation information available for this CWE.
CAPEC-111: JSON Hijacking (aka JavaScript Hijacking)
An attacker targets a system that uses JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) as a transport mechanism between the client and the server (common in Web 2.0 systems using AJAX) to steal possibly confidential information transmitted from the server back to the client inside the JSON object by taking advantage of the loophole in the browser's Same Origin Policy that does not prohibit JavaScript from one website to be included and executed in the context of another website.
CAPEC-141: Cache Poisoning
An attacker exploits the functionality of cache technologies to cause specific data to be cached that aids the attackers' objectives. This describes any attack whereby an attacker places incorrect or harmful material in cache. The targeted cache can be an application's cache (e.g. a web browser cache) or a public cache (e.g. a DNS or ARP cache). Until the cache is refreshed, most applications or clients will treat the corrupted cache value as valid. This can lead to a wide range of exploits including redirecting web browsers towards sites that install malware and repeatedly incorrect calculations based on the incorrect value.
CAPEC-142: DNS Cache Poisoning
A domain name server translates a domain name (such as www.example.com) into an IP address that Internet hosts use to contact Internet resources. An adversary modifies a public DNS cache to cause certain names to resolve to incorrect addresses that the adversary specifies. The result is that client applications that rely upon the targeted cache for domain name resolution will be directed not to the actual address of the specified domain name but to some other address. Adversaries can use this to herd clients to sites that install malware on the victim's computer or to masquerade as part of a Pharming attack.
CAPEC-148: Content Spoofing
An adversary modifies content to make it contain something other than what the original content producer intended while keeping the apparent source of the content unchanged. The term content spoofing is most often used to describe modification of web pages hosted by a target to display the adversary's content instead of the owner's content. However, any content can be spoofed, including the content of email messages, file transfers, or the content of other network communication protocols. Content can be modified at the source (e.g. modifying the source file for a web page) or in transit (e.g. intercepting and modifying a message between the sender and recipient). Usually, the adversary will attempt to hide the fact that the content has been modified, but in some cases, such as with web site defacement, this is not necessary. Content Spoofing can lead to malware exposure, financial fraud (if the content governs financial transactions), privacy violations, and other unwanted outcomes.
CAPEC-218: Spoofing of UDDI/ebXML Messages
An attacker spoofs a UDDI, ebXML, or similar message in order to impersonate a service provider in an e-business transaction. UDDI, ebXML, and similar standards are used to identify businesses in e-business transactions. Among other things, they identify a particular participant, WSDL information for SOAP transactions, and supported communication protocols, including security protocols. By spoofing one of these messages an attacker could impersonate a legitimate business in a transaction or could manipulate the protocols used between a client and business. This could result in disclosure of sensitive information, loss of message integrity, or even financial fraud.
CAPEC-384: Application API Message Manipulation via Man-in-the-Middle
An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the content of messages. Performing this attack can allow the attacker to gain unauthorized privileges within the application, or conduct attacks such as phishing, deceptive strategies to spread malware, or traditional web-application attacks. The techniques require use of specialized software that allow the attacker to perform adversary-in-the-middle (CAPEC-94) communications between the web browser and the remote system. Despite the use of AiTH software, the attack is actually directed at the server, as the client is one node in a series of content brokers that pass information along to the application framework. Additionally, it is not true "Adversary-in-the-Middle" attack at the network layer, but an application-layer attack the root cause of which is the master applications trust in the integrity of code supplied by the client.
CAPEC-385: Transaction or Event Tampering via Application API Manipulation
An attacker hosts or joins an event or transaction within an application framework in order to change the content of messages or items that are being exchanged. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that look authentic but may contain deceptive links, substitute one item or another, spoof an existing item and conduct a false exchange, or otherwise change the amounts or identity of what is being exchanged. The techniques require use of specialized software that allow the attacker to man-in-the-middle communications between the web browser and the remote system in order to change the content of various application elements. Often, items exchanged in game can be monetized via sales for coin, virtual dollars, etc. The purpose of the attack is for the attack to scam the victim by trapping the data packets involved the exchange and altering the integrity of the transfer process.
CAPEC-386: Application API Navigation Remapping
An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the destination and/or content of links/buttons displayed to a user within API messages. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that looks authentic but contains links/buttons that point to an attacker controlled destination. Some applications make navigation remapping more difficult to detect because the actual HREF values of images, profile elements, and links/buttons are masked. One example would be to place an image in a user's photo gallery that when clicked upon redirected the user to an off-site location. Also, traditional web vulnerabilities (such as CSRF) can be constructed with remapped buttons or links. In some cases navigation remapping can be used for Phishing attacks or even means to artificially boost the page view, user site reputation, or click-fraud.
CAPEC-387: Navigation Remapping To Propagate Malicious Content
An adversary manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the content of messages and thereby circumvent the expected application logic.
CAPEC-388: Application API Button Hijacking
An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the destination and/or content of buttons displayed to a user within API messages. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that looks authentic but contains buttons that point to an attacker controlled destination.
CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws
An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.
CAPEC-701: Browser in the Middle (BiTM)
An adversary exploits the inherent functionalities of a web browser, in order to establish an unnoticed remote desktop connection in the victim's browser to the adversary's system. The adversary must deploy a web client with a remote desktop session that the victim can access.