CWE-288
AllowedAuthentication Bypass Using an Alternate Path or Channel
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The product requires authentication, but the product has an alternate path or channel that does not require authentication.
1079 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-2G9V-7MR5-FGJG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-05 20:58 – Updated: 2026-05-13 16:26Impact
The SessionMiddleware accepts a client-supplied X-Admin-Token HTTP request header and uses its raw string value as the authenticated userID when no Kratos session cookie is present. An unauthenticated attacker who knows or can guess a target user's Kratos identity UUID can issue requests as that user. Where the target user is an organisation admin or owner, this gives the attacker full control over that organisation's DevGuard resources.
Patches
The release v1.2.2 patches this issue. Update your DevGuard API Instances to this version.
Workarounds
Configure a reverse proxy to strip the X-Admin-Token header before sending requests to the DevGuard API.
Resources
Fixed commit: https://github.com/l3montree-dev/devguard/commit/6f38310bf93b2a63df3055038f4da82b1f4e6d9a
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/l3montree-dev/devguard"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.2.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-42300"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-288"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-05T20:58:27Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-12T18:17:24Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "### Impact\nThe `SessionMiddleware` accepts a client-supplied `X-Admin-Token` HTTP request header and uses its raw string value as the authenticated `userID` when no Kratos session cookie is present. An unauthenticated attacker who knows or can guess a target user\u0027s Kratos identity UUID can issue requests as that user. Where the target user is an organisation `admin` or `owner`, this gives the attacker full control over that organisation\u0027s DevGuard resources.\n\n### Patches\nThe release v1.2.2 patches this issue. Update your DevGuard API Instances to this version.\n\n### Workarounds\nConfigure a reverse proxy to strip the `X-Admin-Token` header before sending requests to the DevGuard API.\n\n### Resources\nFixed commit: https://github.com/l3montree-dev/devguard/commit/6f38310bf93b2a63df3055038f4da82b1f4e6d9a",
"id": "GHSA-2g9v-7mr5-fgjg",
"modified": "2026-05-13T16:26:37Z",
"published": "2026-05-05T20:58:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/l3montree-dev/devguard/security/advisories/GHSA-2g9v-7mr5-fgjg"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-42300"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/l3montree-dev/devguard/commit/6f38310bf93b2a63df3055038f4da82b1f4e6d9a"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/l3montree-dev/devguard"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "DevGuard has an unauthenticated identity assertion via `X-Admin-Token` header"
}
GHSA-2H2W-VCCM-6FX5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-06 09:30 – Updated: 2025-06-06 09:30Vulnerability that cards can call unauthorized APIs in the FRS process Impact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect availability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-48904"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-288"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-06-06T07:15:25Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Vulnerability that cards can call unauthorized APIs in the FRS process\nImpact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect availability.",
"id": "GHSA-2h2w-vccm-6fx5",
"modified": "2025-06-06T09:30:24Z",
"published": "2025-06-06T09:30:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-48904"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://consumer.huawei.com/en/support/bulletin/2025/6"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2H82-W6J2-MFX6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-01 00:30 – Updated: 2025-11-03 21:33This issue was addressed with additional entitlement checks. This issue is fixed in visionOS 2.4, iOS 18.4 and iPadOS 18.4. An app may be able to bypass Privacy preferences.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-24095"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-288"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-03-31T23:15:16Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "This issue was addressed with additional entitlement checks. This issue is fixed in visionOS 2.4, iOS 18.4 and iPadOS 18.4. An app may be able to bypass Privacy preferences.",
"id": "GHSA-2h82-w6j2-mfx6",
"modified": "2025-11-03T21:33:14Z",
"published": "2025-04-01T00:30:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-24095"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122371"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122378"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/12"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/4"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2H84-2J8Q-RCF8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-03 00:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 04:31The User Email Verification for WooCommerce plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to authentication bypass via authenticate_user_by_email in versions up to, and including, 3.5.0. This is due to a random token generation weakness in the resend_verification_email function. This allows unauthenticated attackers to impersonate users and trigger an email address verification for arbitrary accounts, including administrative accounts, and automatically be logged in as that user, including any site administrators. This requires the Allow Automatic Login After Successful Verification setting to be enabled, which it is not by default.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-2781"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-288",
"CWE-306"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-06-03T00:15:09Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The User Email Verification for WooCommerce plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to authentication bypass via authenticate_user_by_email in versions up to, and including, 3.5.0. This is due to a random token generation weakness in the resend_verification_email function. This allows unauthenticated attackers to impersonate users and trigger an email address verification for arbitrary accounts, including administrative accounts, and automatically be logged in as that user, including any site administrators. This requires the Allow Automatic Login After Successful Verification setting to be enabled, which it is not by default.",
"id": "GHSA-2h84-2j8q-rcf8",
"modified": "2024-04-04T04:31:08Z",
"published": "2023-06-03T00:30:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-2781"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/woo-confirmation-email/tags/3.5.0/public/class-xlwuev-woocommerce-confirmation-email-public.php#L143"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/woo-confirmation-email/tags/3.5.0/public/class-xlwuev-woocommerce-confirmation-email-public.php#L332"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/woo-confirmation-email/tags/3.5.0/public/class-xlwuev-woocommerce-confirmation-email-public.php#L506"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/f1e31357-7fbc-414b-a4f4-53fa5f2fc715?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2HF6-3GJ9-P8HW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-15 21:30 – Updated: 2026-06-15 21:30Unauthenticated Broken Authentication in RegistrationMagic <= 6.0.8.6 versions.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-49764"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-288"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-15T21:17:21Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Unauthenticated Broken Authentication in RegistrationMagic \u003c= 6.0.8.6 versions.",
"id": "GHSA-2hf6-3gj9-p8hw",
"modified": "2026-06-15T21:30:50Z",
"published": "2026-06-15T21:30:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-49764"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/custom-registration-form-builder-with-submission-manager/vulnerability/wordpress-registrationmagic-plugin-6-0-8-6-broken-authentication-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2HX7-28WW-956P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-17 18:31 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:34Authentication Bypass Using an Alternate Path or Channel vulnerability in appsbd Vitepos allows Authentication Abuse. This issue affects Vitepos: from n/a through 3.1.7.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-39535"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-288"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-04-17T16:15:57Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Authentication Bypass Using an Alternate Path or Channel vulnerability in appsbd Vitepos allows Authentication Abuse. This issue affects Vitepos: from n/a through 3.1.7.",
"id": "GHSA-2hx7-28ww-956p",
"modified": "2026-04-01T18:34:53Z",
"published": "2025-04-17T18:31:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-39535"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/vitepos-lite/vulnerability/wordpress-vitepos-3-1-7-broken-authentication-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2J3G-J6QJ-X9Q2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-10 18:30 – Updated: 2026-03-09 21:31An authentication bypass in Ivanti Endpoint Manager before version 2024 SU5 allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to leak specific stored credential data.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-1603"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-288",
"CWE-306"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-10T16:16:10Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An authentication bypass in Ivanti Endpoint Manager before version 2024 SU5 allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to leak specific stored credential data.",
"id": "GHSA-2j3g-j6qj-x9q2",
"modified": "2026-03-09T21:31:32Z",
"published": "2026-02-10T18:30:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-1603"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://hub.ivanti.com/s/article/Security-Advisory-EPM-February-2026-for-EPM-2024?language=en_US"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2026-1603"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2M33-H63P-WX98
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-11 06:31 – Updated: 2026-03-11 06:31Authentication bypass issue exists in MR-GM5L-S1 and MR-GM5A-L1, which may allow an attacker to bypass authentication and change the device configuration.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-27842"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-288"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-11T06:17:13Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Authentication bypass issue exists in MR-GM5L-S1 and MR-GM5A-L1, which may allow an attacker to bypass authentication and change the device configuration.",
"id": "GHSA-2m33-h63p-wx98",
"modified": "2026-03-11T06:31:41Z",
"published": "2026-03-11T06:31:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-27842"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jvn.jp/en/vu/JVNVU98103854"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mrl.co.jp/download/security/JVNVU98103854.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-2M82-VJ3V-6Q9Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-01 09:30 – Updated: 2025-03-01 09:30The Academist Membership plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Privilege Escalation in all versions up to, and including, 1.1.6. This is due to the academist_membership_check_facebook_user() function not properly verifying a user's identity prior to authenticating them. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to log in as any user, including site administrators.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-1671"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-288"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-03-01T08:15:34Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The Academist Membership plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Privilege Escalation in all versions up to, and including, 1.1.6. This is due to the academist_membership_check_facebook_user() function not properly verifying a user\u0027s identity prior to authenticating them. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to log in as any user, including site administrators.",
"id": "GHSA-2m82-vj3v-6q9q",
"modified": "2025-03-01T09:30:29Z",
"published": "2025-03-01T09:30:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-1671"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://themeforest.net/item/academist-a-modern-learning-management-system-and-education-theme/22376830"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/911a9550-1f62-4f28-9d8c-00d9769949c9?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2MX9-WCPW-C6GQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-05-16 09:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 04:11The RegistrationMagic plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to authentication bypass in versions up to, and including, 5.2.1.0. This is due to insufficient verification on the user being supplied during a Google social login through the plugin. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to log in as any existing user on the site, such as an administrator, if they have access to the email.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-2499"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287",
"CWE-288"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-05-16T09:15:09Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The RegistrationMagic plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to authentication bypass in versions up to, and including, 5.2.1.0. This is due to insufficient verification on the user being supplied during a Google social login through the plugin. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to log in as any existing user on the site, such as an administrator, if they have access to the email.",
"id": "GHSA-2mx9-wcpw-c6gq",
"modified": "2024-04-04T04:11:58Z",
"published": "2023-05-16T09:30:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-2499"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/custom-registration-form-builder-with-submission-manager/tags/5.2.0.4/services/class_rm_user_services.php#L791"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026old=2912481%40custom-registration-form-builder-with-submission-manager\u0026new=2912481%40custom-registration-form-builder-with-submission-manager\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail="
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/87ec5542-b6e7-4b18-a3ec-c258e749d32e?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Funnel all access through a single choke point to simplify how users can access a resource. For every access, perform a check to determine if the user has permissions to access the resource.
CAPEC-127: Directory Indexing
An adversary crafts a request to a target that results in the target listing/indexing the content of a directory as output. One common method of triggering directory contents as output is to construct a request containing a path that terminates in a directory name rather than a file name since many applications are configured to provide a list of the directory's contents when such a request is received. An adversary can use this to explore the directory tree on a target as well as learn the names of files. This can often end up revealing test files, backup files, temporary files, hidden files, configuration files, user accounts, script contents, as well as naming conventions, all of which can be used by an attacker to mount additional attacks.
CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws
An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.