CWE-284
DiscouragedImproper Access Control
Abstraction: Pillar · Status: Incomplete
The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.
7802 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-V7PH-6XR9-C5P8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-11 21:31 – Updated: 2026-06-11 21:31An access issue was addressed with additional sandbox restrictions. This issue is fixed in macOS Tahoe 26.1. A malicious app may be able to access sensitive user data.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-43339"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-11T19:16:33Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An access issue was addressed with additional sandbox restrictions. This issue is fixed in macOS Tahoe 26.1. A malicious app may be able to access sensitive user data.",
"id": "GHSA-v7ph-6xr9-c5p8",
"modified": "2026-06-11T21:31:55Z",
"published": "2026-06-11T21:31:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-43339"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/125634"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-V7RP-W5FR-2XRX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 01:22 – Updated: 2022-05-17 01:22IBM Security Identity Manager (ISIM) Virtual Appliance 7.0.0.0 through 7.0.1.1 before 7.0.1-ISS-SIM-FP0003 mishandles session identifiers after logout, which makes it easier for remote attackers to spoof users by leveraging knowledge of "traffic records."
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-0339"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2016-07-15T18:59:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "IBM Security Identity Manager (ISIM) Virtual Appliance 7.0.0.0 through 7.0.1.1 before 7.0.1-ISS-SIM-FP0003 mishandles session identifiers after logout, which makes it easier for remote attackers to spoof users by leveraging knowledge of \"traffic records.\"",
"id": "GHSA-v7rp-w5fr-2xrx",
"modified": "2022-05-17T01:22:04Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T01:22:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-0339"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg21985736"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/91689"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1036255"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-V7VR-X2PF-8X73
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:06 – Updated: 2022-05-14 02:06modules/chanserv/flags.c in Atheme before 7.2.7 allows remote attackers to modify the Anope FLAGS behavior by registering and dropping the (1) LIST, (2) CLEAR, or (3) MODIFY keyword nicks.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2014-9773"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2016-06-13T19:59:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "modules/chanserv/flags.c in Atheme before 7.2.7 allows remote attackers to modify the Anope FLAGS behavior by registering and dropping the (1) LIST, (2) CLEAR, or (3) MODIFY keyword nicks.",
"id": "GHSA-v7vr-x2pf-8x73",
"modified": "2022-05-14T02:06:21Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T02:06:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2014-9773"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/atheme/atheme/issues/397"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/atheme/atheme/commit/c597156adc60a45b5f827793cd420945f47bc03b"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-updates/2016-05/msg00061.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/05/02/2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/05/03/1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-V7XM-XC3F-CXH9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-21 21:31 – Updated: 2026-04-21 21:31Vulnerability in the Java VM component of Oracle Database Server. Supported versions that are affected are 19.3-19.30 and 21.3-21.21. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via Oracle Net to compromise Java VM. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Java VM accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 7.5 (Confidentiality impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-35229"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-21T21:16:38Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the Java VM component of Oracle Database Server. Supported versions that are affected are 19.3-19.30 and 21.3-21.21. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via Oracle Net to compromise Java VM. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Java VM accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 7.5 (Confidentiality impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).",
"id": "GHSA-v7xm-xc3f-cxh9",
"modified": "2026-04-21T21:31:27Z",
"published": "2026-04-21T21:31:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-35229"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuapr2026.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-V82P-WRG2-WJ3M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-08-11 00:00 – Updated: 2023-07-21 18:30A vulnerability has been identified in CP-8000 MASTER MODULE WITH I/O -25/+70°C (All versions), CP-8000 MASTER MODULE WITH I/O -40/+70°C (All versions), CP-8021 MASTER MODULE (All versions), CP-8022 MASTER MODULE WITH GPRS (All versions). The component allows to activate a web server module which provides unauthenticated access to its web pages. This could allow an attacker to retrieve debug-level information from the component such as internal network topology or connected systems.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-46304"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284",
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-08-10T12:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been identified in CP-8000 MASTER MODULE WITH I/O -25/+70\u00b0C (All versions), CP-8000 MASTER MODULE WITH I/O -40/+70\u00b0C (All versions), CP-8021 MASTER MODULE (All versions), CP-8022 MASTER MODULE WITH GPRS (All versions). The component allows to activate a web server module which provides unauthenticated access to its web pages. This could allow an attacker to retrieve debug-level information from the component such as internal network topology or connected systems.",
"id": "GHSA-v82p-wrg2-wj3m",
"modified": "2023-07-21T18:30:35Z",
"published": "2022-08-11T00:00:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-46304"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-185638.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-V83X-78Q3-GR2J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:14 – Updated: 2024-10-21 20:10An issue was discovered in views/list.py in GNU Mailman Postorius before 1.3.5. An attacker (logged into any account) can send a crafted POST request to unsubscribe any user from a mailing list, also revealing whether that address was subscribed in the first place.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "postorius"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.3.5"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-40347"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-04-22T22:50:22Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2021-09-10T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in `views/list.py` in GNU Mailman Postorius before 1.3.5. An attacker (logged into any account) can send a crafted POST request to unsubscribe any user from a mailing list, also revealing whether that address was subscribed in the first place.",
"id": "GHSA-v83x-78q3-gr2j",
"modified": "2024-10-21T20:10:57Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:14:08Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-40347"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=993746"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/postorius/PYSEC-2021-319.yaml"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/mailman/postorius"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/mailman/postorius/-/commit/3d880c56b58bc26b32eac0799407d74b64b7474b"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/mailman/postorius/-/issues/531"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/mailman/postorius/-/tags"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T289798"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4970"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "GNU Mailman Postorius Access Control Issues"
}
GHSA-V845-M469-P8W3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-27 21:32 – Updated: 2025-10-15 15:30In lunary-ai/lunary version 1.2.4, an improper access control vulnerability allows members with team management permissions to manipulate project identifiers in requests, enabling them to invite users to projects in other organizations, change members to projects in other organizations with escalated privileges, and change members from other organizations to their own or other projects, also with escalated privileges. This vulnerability is due to the backend's failure to validate project identifiers against the current user's organization ID and projects belonging to it, as well as a misconfiguration in attribute naming (org_id should be orgId) that prevents proper user organization validation. As a result, attackers can cause inconsistencies on the platform for affected users and organizations, including unauthorized privilege escalation. The issue is present in the backend API endpoints for user invitation and modification, specifically in the handling of project IDs in requests.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-5714"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284",
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-06-27T19:15:15Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In lunary-ai/lunary version 1.2.4, an improper access control vulnerability allows members with team management permissions to manipulate project identifiers in requests, enabling them to invite users to projects in other organizations, change members to projects in other organizations with escalated privileges, and change members from other organizations to their own or other projects, also with escalated privileges. This vulnerability is due to the backend\u0027s failure to validate project identifiers against the current user\u0027s organization ID and projects belonging to it, as well as a misconfiguration in attribute naming (`org_id` should be `orgId`) that prevents proper user organization validation. As a result, attackers can cause inconsistencies on the platform for affected users and organizations, including unauthorized privilege escalation. The issue is present in the backend API endpoints for user invitation and modification, specifically in the handling of project IDs in requests.",
"id": "GHSA-v845-m469-p8w3",
"modified": "2025-10-15T15:30:19Z",
"published": "2024-06-27T21:32:08Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-5714"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/lunary-ai/lunary/commit/43206bacac3b43ad9f2db6dafd165e61a21e6b97"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://huntr.com/bounties/8cff4afa-131b-4a7e-9f0d-8a3c69f3d024"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-V87Q-9639-7VGQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-25 03:31 – Updated: 2026-03-25 21:30A logging issue was addressed with improved data redaction. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.7.5, macOS Sonoma 14.8.5, macOS Tahoe 26.4. An app may be able to access sensitive user data.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-28818"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-25T01:17:07Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A logging issue was addressed with improved data redaction. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.7.5, macOS Sonoma 14.8.5, macOS Tahoe 26.4. An app may be able to access sensitive user data.",
"id": "GHSA-v87q-9639-7vgq",
"modified": "2026-03-25T21:30:28Z",
"published": "2026-03-25T03:31:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-28818"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/126794"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/126795"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/126796"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-V87V-FQXX-3FPF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-18 00:30 – Updated: 2023-01-18 00:30Vulnerability in the Oracle BI Publisher product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: Security). Supported versions that are affected are 5.9.0.0.0, 6.4.0.0.0 and 12.2.1.4.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Oracle BI Publisher. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle BI Publisher. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 8.8 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-21846"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-18T00:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the Oracle BI Publisher product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: Security). Supported versions that are affected are 5.9.0.0.0, 6.4.0.0.0 and 12.2.1.4.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Oracle BI Publisher. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle BI Publisher. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 8.8 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).",
"id": "GHSA-v87v-fqxx-3fpf",
"modified": "2023-01-18T00:30:17Z",
"published": "2023-01-18T00:30:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-21846"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2023.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-V8C4-JXX2-7VM4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-17 18:35 – Updated: 2026-06-17 18:35Vulnerability in the JD Edwards EnterpriseOne Order Promising product of Oracle JD Edwards (component: Order Promising Integration). The supported version that is affected is 9.2. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise JD Edwards EnterpriseOne Order Promising. While the vulnerability is in JD Edwards EnterpriseOne Order Promising, attacks may significantly impact additional products (scope change). Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of JD Edwards EnterpriseOne Order Promising. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 9.9 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-46907"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-17T10:54:08Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the JD Edwards EnterpriseOne Order Promising product of Oracle JD Edwards (component: Order Promising Integration). The supported version that is affected is 9.2. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise JD Edwards EnterpriseOne Order Promising. While the vulnerability is in JD Edwards EnterpriseOne Order Promising, attacks may significantly impact additional products (scope change). Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of JD Edwards EnterpriseOne Order Promising. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 9.9 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).",
"id": "GHSA-v8c4-jxx2-7vm4",
"modified": "2026-06-17T18:35:36Z",
"published": "2026-06-17T18:35:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-46907"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cspujun2026.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-1
Very carefully manage the setting, management, and handling of privileges. Explicitly manage trust zones in the software.
Mitigation MIT-46
Strategy: Separation of Privilege
- Compartmentalize the system to have "safe" areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
- Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
CAPEC-19: Embedding Scripts within Scripts
An adversary leverages the capability to execute their own script by embedding it within other scripts that the target software is likely to execute due to programs' vulnerabilities that are brought on by allowing remote hosts to execute scripts.
CAPEC-441: Malicious Logic Insertion
An adversary installs or adds malicious logic (also known as malware) into a seemingly benign component of a fielded system. This logic is often hidden from the user of the system and works behind the scenes to achieve negative impacts. With the proliferation of mass digital storage and inexpensive multimedia devices, Bluetooth and 802.11 support, new attack vectors for spreading malware are emerging for things we once thought of as innocuous greeting cards, picture frames, or digital projectors. This pattern of attack focuses on systems already fielded and used in operation as opposed to systems and their components that are still under development and part of the supply chain.
CAPEC-478: Modification of Windows Service Configuration
An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to modify the execution parameters of a Windows service. The goal of this attack is to execute a malicious binary in place of an existing service.
CAPEC-479: Malicious Root Certificate
An adversary exploits a weakness in authorization and installs a new root certificate on a compromised system. Certificates are commonly used for establishing secure TLS/SSL communications within a web browser. When a user attempts to browse a website that presents a certificate that is not trusted an error message will be displayed to warn the user of the security risk. Depending on the security settings, the browser may not allow the user to establish a connection to the website. Adversaries have used this technique to avoid security warnings prompting users when compromised systems connect over HTTPS to adversary controlled web servers that spoof legitimate websites in order to collect login credentials.
CAPEC-502: Intent Spoof
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, issues an intent directed toward a specific trusted application's component in an attempt to achieve a variety of different objectives including modification of data, information disclosure, and data injection. Components that have been unintentionally exported and made public are subject to this type of an attack. If the component trusts the intent's action without verififcation, then the target application performs the functionality at the adversary's request, helping the adversary achieve the desired negative technical impact.
CAPEC-503: WebView Exposure
An adversary, through a malicious web page, accesses application specific functionality by leveraging interfaces registered through WebView's addJavascriptInterface API. Once an interface is registered to WebView through addJavascriptInterface, it becomes global and all pages loaded in the WebView can call this interface.
CAPEC-536: Data Injected During Configuration
An attacker with access to data files and processes on a victim's system injects malicious data into critical operational data during configuration or recalibration, causing the victim's system to perform in a suboptimal manner that benefits the adversary.
CAPEC-546: Incomplete Data Deletion in a Multi-Tenant Environment
An adversary obtains unauthorized information due to insecure or incomplete data deletion in a multi-tenant environment. If a cloud provider fails to completely delete storage and data from former cloud tenants' systems/resources, once these resources are allocated to new, potentially malicious tenants, the latter can probe the provided resources for sensitive information still there.
CAPEC-550: Install New Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Adversaries may install a new service which will be executed at startup (on a Windows system, by modifying the registry). The service name may be disguised by using a name from a related operating system or benign software. Services are usually run with elevated privileges.
CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.
CAPEC-552: Install Rootkit
An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to install malware that alters the functionality and information provide by targeted operating system API calls. Often referred to as rootkits, it is often used to hide the presence of programs, files, network connections, services, drivers, and other system components.
CAPEC-556: Replace File Extension Handlers
When a file is opened, its file handler is checked to determine which program opens the file. File handlers are configuration properties of many operating systems. Applications can modify the file handler for a given file extension to call an arbitrary program when a file with the given extension is opened.
CAPEC-558: Replace Trusted Executable
An adversary exploits weaknesses in privilege management or access control to replace a trusted executable with a malicious version and enable the execution of malware when that trusted executable is called.
CAPEC-562: Modify Shared File
An adversary manipulates the files in a shared location by adding malicious programs, scripts, or exploit code to valid content. Once a user opens the shared content, the tainted content is executed.
CAPEC-563: Add Malicious File to Shared Webroot
An adversaries may add malicious content to a website through the open file share and then browse to that content with a web browser to cause the server to execute the content. The malicious content will typically run under the context and permissions of the web server process, often resulting in local system or administrative privileges depending on how the web server is configured.
CAPEC-564: Run Software at Logon
Operating system allows logon scripts to be run whenever a specific user or users logon to a system. If adversaries can access these scripts, they may insert additional code into the logon script. This code can allow them to maintain persistence or move laterally within an enclave because it is executed every time the affected user or users logon to a computer. Modifying logon scripts can effectively bypass workstation and enclave firewalls. Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or a remote administrative account may be necessary.
CAPEC-578: Disable Security Software
An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to disable security tools so that detection does not occur. This can take the form of killing processes, deleting registry keys so that tools do not start at run time, deleting log files, or other methods.