CWE-284
DiscouragedImproper Access Control
Abstraction: Pillar · Status: Incomplete
The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.
7806 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-8XHR-X3V8-RGHJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-08-23 20:41 – Updated: 2023-08-23 20:41Impact
XWiki supports scheduled jobs that contain Groovy scripts. Currently, the job checks the content author of the job for programming right. However, modifying or adding a job script to a document doesn't modify the content author. Together with a CSRF vulnerability in the job scheduler, this can be exploited for remote code execution by an attacker with edit right on the wiki.
For successful exploitation, the needs to have edit right on a document whose content has last been changed by a user with programming right. This could be the user profile for users created by admins. In this document, the attacker can create an object of class XWiki.SchedulerJobClass using the object editor. By setting job class to com.xpn.xwiki.plugin.scheduler.GroovyJob, cron expression to 0 0/5 * * * ? and job script to services.logging.getLogger("foo").error("Job content executed"), the attacker can create a job. Now this job just needs to be triggered or scheduled. This can be achieved by embedding an image with the following XWiki syntax in any document that is visited by an admin: [[image:path:/xwiki/bin/view/Scheduler/?do=trigger&which=Attacker.Document]] where Attacker.Document is the document that has been prepared by the attacker. If the attack is successful, an error log entry with "Job content executed" will be produced.
Patches
This vulnerability has been patched in XWiki 14.10.9 and 15.4RC1.
Workarounds
There is no workaround.
References
- https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XWIKI-20852
- https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform/commit/fcdcfed3fe2e8a3cad66ae0610795a2d58ab9662
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-scheduler-api"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.10.9"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "com.xpn.xwiki.platform.plugins:xwiki-plugin-scheduler"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-scheduler-api"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "15.0-rc-1"
},
{
"fixed": "15.4-rc-1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-40573"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-08-23T20:41:30Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2023-08-24T02:15:09Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "### Impact\n\nXWiki supports scheduled jobs that contain Groovy scripts. Currently, the job checks the content author of the job for programming right. However, modifying or adding a job script to a document doesn\u0027t modify the content author. Together with a CSRF vulnerability in the job scheduler, this can be exploited for remote code execution by an attacker with edit right on the wiki.\n\nFor successful exploitation, the needs to have edit right on a document whose content has last been changed by a user with programming right. This could be the user profile for users created by admins. In this document, the attacker can create an object of class `XWiki.SchedulerJobClass` using the object editor. By setting job class to `com.xpn.xwiki.plugin.scheduler.GroovyJob`, cron expression to `0 0/5 * * * ?` and job script to `services.logging.getLogger(\"foo\").error(\"Job content executed\")`, the attacker can create a job. Now this job just needs to be triggered or scheduled. This can be achieved by embedding an image with the following XWiki syntax in any document that is visited by an admin: `[[image:path:/xwiki/bin/view/Scheduler/?do=trigger\u0026which=Attacker.Document]]` where `Attacker.Document` is the document that has been prepared by the attacker. If the attack is successful, an error log entry with \"Job content executed\" will be produced.\n\n### Patches\nThis vulnerability has been patched in XWiki 14.10.9 and 15.4RC1.\n\n### Workarounds\nThere is no workaround.\n\n### References\n* https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XWIKI-20852\n* https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform/commit/fcdcfed3fe2e8a3cad66ae0610795a2d58ab9662",
"id": "GHSA-8xhr-x3v8-rghj",
"modified": "2023-08-23T20:41:30Z",
"published": "2023-08-23T20:41:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform/security/advisories/GHSA-8xhr-x3v8-rghj"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-40573"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform/commit/fcdcfed3fe2e8a3cad66ae0610795a2d58ab9662"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XWIKI-20852"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "XWiki Platform\u0027s Groovy jobs check the wrong author, allowing remote code execution"
}
GHSA-8XPW-M3X3-RQ75
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 00:01 – Updated: 2022-05-26 00:01SonicWall SMA1000 series firmware 12.4.0, 12.4.1-02965 and earlier versions incorrectly restricts access to a resource using HTTP connections from an unauthorized actor leading to Improper Access Control vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-22282"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284",
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-05-13T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "SonicWall SMA1000 series firmware 12.4.0, 12.4.1-02965 and earlier versions incorrectly restricts access to a resource using HTTP connections from an unauthorized actor leading to Improper Access Control vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-8xpw-m3x3-rq75",
"modified": "2022-05-26T00:01:28Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T00:01:08Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-22282"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://psirt.global.sonicwall.com/vuln-detail/SNWLID-2022-0009"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8XQM-3QM5-QHFV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 23:57 – Updated: 2025-04-09 20:48The file caching implementation in Joomla! before 1.5.4 allows attackers to access cached pages via unknown attack vectors.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "joomla/joomla-platform"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.5.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2008-3226"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2025-04-09T20:48:05Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2008-07-18T16:41:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The file caching implementation in Joomla! before 1.5.4 allows attackers to access cached pages via unknown attack vectors.",
"id": "GHSA-8xqm-3qm5-qhfv",
"modified": "2025-04-09T20:48:05Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T23:57:56Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-3226"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/43650"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/joomla/joomla-platform"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20080730154423/http://www.joomla.org/content/view/5180/1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20200228023838/https://www.securityfocus.com/bid/30125"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2008/07/12/2"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Joomla! allows attackers to access cached pages"
}
GHSA-8XQM-CGJ8-JQMR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:36 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:36DokuWiki before 2014-05-05d and before 2014-09-29c does not properly check permissions for the ACL plugins, which allows remote authenticated users to gain privileges and add or delete ACL rules via a request to the XMLRPC API.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2015-2172"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2015-03-30T14:59:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "DokuWiki before 2014-05-05d and before 2014-09-29c does not properly check permissions for the ACL plugins, which allows remote authenticated users to gain privileges and add or delete ACL rules via a request to the XMLRPC API.",
"id": "GHSA-8xqm-cgj8-jqmr",
"modified": "2022-05-14T01:36:40Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T01:36:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-2172"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/splitbrain/dokuwiki/issues/1056"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/splitbrain/dokuwiki/commit/4970ad24ce49ec76a0ee67bca7594f918ced2f5f"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dokuwiki.org/changes"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://advisories.mageia.org/MGASA-2015-0093.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.fedoraproject.org/pipermail/package-announce/2015-March/152994.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.fedoraproject.org/pipermail/package-announce/2015-March/153062.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.fedoraproject.org/pipermail/package-announce/2015-March/153266.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2015/03/02/2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/72827"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-9225-3G2Q-3G5G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:24 – Updated: 2022-05-14 02:24Microsoft Edge allows remote attackers to bypass the ASLR protection mechanism via a crafted web site, aka "Microsoft Edge Security Feature Bypass."
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-3244"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2016-07-13T01:59:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Microsoft Edge allows remote attackers to bypass the ASLR protection mechanism via a crafted web site, aka \"Microsoft Edge Security Feature Bypass.\"",
"id": "GHSA-9225-3g2q-3g5g",
"modified": "2022-05-14T02:24:16Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T02:24:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-3244"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/security-updates/securitybulletins/2016/ms16-085"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/91599"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1036286"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9243-GH96-V7H6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-08 21:30 – Updated: 2025-06-18 18:30WALLIX Bastion 7.x, 8.x, 9.x and 10.x and WALLIX Access Manager 3.x and 4.x have Incorrect Access Control which can lead to sensitive data exposure.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-49961"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-01-08T21:15:08Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "WALLIX Bastion 7.x, 8.x, 9.x and 10.x and WALLIX Access Manager 3.x and 4.x have Incorrect Access Control which can lead to sensitive data exposure.",
"id": "GHSA-9243-gh96-v7h6",
"modified": "2025-06-18T18:30:26Z",
"published": "2024-01-08T21:30:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-49961"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wallix.com/support/alerts"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-924R-5J98-WJ3C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-13 18:31 – Updated: 2024-08-13 18:31Azure Connected Machine Agent Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-38162"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-08-13T18:15:23Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Azure Connected Machine Agent Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability",
"id": "GHSA-924r-5j98-wj3c",
"modified": "2024-08-13T18:31:16Z",
"published": "2024-08-13T18:31:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-38162"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2024-38162"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9296-V3FR-J92J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-07 09:31 – Updated: 2026-07-07 23:41In parisneo/lollms version 2.1.0, the application's session management is vulnerable to improper access control due to the use of a weak secret key for signing JSON Web Tokens (JWT). This vulnerability allows an attacker to perform an offline brute-force attack to recover the secret key. Once the secret key is obtained, the attacker can forge administrative tokens by modifying the JWT payload and resigning it with the cracked secret. This enables unauthorized users to escalate privileges, impersonate the administrator, and gain access to restricted endpoints. The issue is resolved in version 2.2.0.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "lollms"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.2.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-1114"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-07T23:41:50Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-07T07:16:23Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "In parisneo/lollms version 2.1.0, the application\u0027s session management is vulnerable to improper access control due to the use of a weak secret key for signing JSON Web Tokens (JWT). This vulnerability allows an attacker to perform an offline brute-force attack to recover the secret key. Once the secret key is obtained, the attacker can forge administrative tokens by modifying the JWT payload and resigning it with the cracked secret. This enables unauthorized users to escalate privileges, impersonate the administrator, and gain access to restricted endpoints. The issue is resolved in version 2.2.0.",
"id": "GHSA-9296-v3fr-j92j",
"modified": "2026-07-07T23:41:50Z",
"published": "2026-04-07T09:31:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-1114"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/parisneo/lollms/commit/a3b2b82b84d537a9da63e63a370a6a8ad55fed34"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/parisneo/lollms"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/lollms/PYSEC-2026-170.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://huntr.com/bounties/608b2a3b-2225-438e-9e61-ffbfdec2ed89"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "LoLLMs is vulnerable to Improper Access Control through weak secret key"
}
GHSA-9297-F627-MWJV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-09 09:31 – Updated: 2024-12-09 09:31A function-level access control vulnerability in Unifiedtransform version 2.0 and potentially earlier versions allows teachers to modify student personal data without proper authorization. The vulnerability exists due to missing access control checks in the student editing functionality. At the time of publication of the CVE no patch is available.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-12307"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-12-09T09:15:05Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A function-level access control vulnerability in Unifiedtransform version 2.0 and potentially earlier versions allows teachers to modify student personal data without proper authorization. The vulnerability exists due to missing access control checks in the student editing functionality. At the time of publication of the CVE no patch is available.",
"id": "GHSA-9297-f627-mwjv",
"modified": "2024-12-09T09:31:20Z",
"published": "2024-12-09T09:31:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-12307"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://huntr.com/bounties/90a7299e-9233-43fd-b666-7375c4fdbb3c"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-929J-57V4-M4WF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-14 18:30 – Updated: 2025-11-11 15:31Improper access control in Windows SMB Server allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-58726"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-10-14T17:15:54Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Improper access control in Windows SMB Server allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.",
"id": "GHSA-929j-57v4-m4wf",
"modified": "2025-11-11T15:31:19Z",
"published": "2025-10-14T18:30:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-58726"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-58726"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-58726-detection-script-improper-access-control-affecting-smb-server-by-microsoft"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-58726-mitigation-script-improper-access-control-affecting-smb-server-by-microsoft"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-1
Very carefully manage the setting, management, and handling of privileges. Explicitly manage trust zones in the software.
Mitigation MIT-46
Strategy: Separation of Privilege
- Compartmentalize the system to have "safe" areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
- Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
CAPEC-19: Embedding Scripts within Scripts
An adversary leverages the capability to execute their own script by embedding it within other scripts that the target software is likely to execute due to programs' vulnerabilities that are brought on by allowing remote hosts to execute scripts.
CAPEC-441: Malicious Logic Insertion
An adversary installs or adds malicious logic (also known as malware) into a seemingly benign component of a fielded system. This logic is often hidden from the user of the system and works behind the scenes to achieve negative impacts. With the proliferation of mass digital storage and inexpensive multimedia devices, Bluetooth and 802.11 support, new attack vectors for spreading malware are emerging for things we once thought of as innocuous greeting cards, picture frames, or digital projectors. This pattern of attack focuses on systems already fielded and used in operation as opposed to systems and their components that are still under development and part of the supply chain.
CAPEC-478: Modification of Windows Service Configuration
An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to modify the execution parameters of a Windows service. The goal of this attack is to execute a malicious binary in place of an existing service.
CAPEC-479: Malicious Root Certificate
An adversary exploits a weakness in authorization and installs a new root certificate on a compromised system. Certificates are commonly used for establishing secure TLS/SSL communications within a web browser. When a user attempts to browse a website that presents a certificate that is not trusted an error message will be displayed to warn the user of the security risk. Depending on the security settings, the browser may not allow the user to establish a connection to the website. Adversaries have used this technique to avoid security warnings prompting users when compromised systems connect over HTTPS to adversary controlled web servers that spoof legitimate websites in order to collect login credentials.
CAPEC-502: Intent Spoof
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, issues an intent directed toward a specific trusted application's component in an attempt to achieve a variety of different objectives including modification of data, information disclosure, and data injection. Components that have been unintentionally exported and made public are subject to this type of an attack. If the component trusts the intent's action without verififcation, then the target application performs the functionality at the adversary's request, helping the adversary achieve the desired negative technical impact.
CAPEC-503: WebView Exposure
An adversary, through a malicious web page, accesses application specific functionality by leveraging interfaces registered through WebView's addJavascriptInterface API. Once an interface is registered to WebView through addJavascriptInterface, it becomes global and all pages loaded in the WebView can call this interface.
CAPEC-536: Data Injected During Configuration
An attacker with access to data files and processes on a victim's system injects malicious data into critical operational data during configuration or recalibration, causing the victim's system to perform in a suboptimal manner that benefits the adversary.
CAPEC-546: Incomplete Data Deletion in a Multi-Tenant Environment
An adversary obtains unauthorized information due to insecure or incomplete data deletion in a multi-tenant environment. If a cloud provider fails to completely delete storage and data from former cloud tenants' systems/resources, once these resources are allocated to new, potentially malicious tenants, the latter can probe the provided resources for sensitive information still there.
CAPEC-550: Install New Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Adversaries may install a new service which will be executed at startup (on a Windows system, by modifying the registry). The service name may be disguised by using a name from a related operating system or benign software. Services are usually run with elevated privileges.
CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.
CAPEC-552: Install Rootkit
An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to install malware that alters the functionality and information provide by targeted operating system API calls. Often referred to as rootkits, it is often used to hide the presence of programs, files, network connections, services, drivers, and other system components.
CAPEC-556: Replace File Extension Handlers
When a file is opened, its file handler is checked to determine which program opens the file. File handlers are configuration properties of many operating systems. Applications can modify the file handler for a given file extension to call an arbitrary program when a file with the given extension is opened.
CAPEC-558: Replace Trusted Executable
An adversary exploits weaknesses in privilege management or access control to replace a trusted executable with a malicious version and enable the execution of malware when that trusted executable is called.
CAPEC-562: Modify Shared File
An adversary manipulates the files in a shared location by adding malicious programs, scripts, or exploit code to valid content. Once a user opens the shared content, the tainted content is executed.
CAPEC-563: Add Malicious File to Shared Webroot
An adversaries may add malicious content to a website through the open file share and then browse to that content with a web browser to cause the server to execute the content. The malicious content will typically run under the context and permissions of the web server process, often resulting in local system or administrative privileges depending on how the web server is configured.
CAPEC-564: Run Software at Logon
Operating system allows logon scripts to be run whenever a specific user or users logon to a system. If adversaries can access these scripts, they may insert additional code into the logon script. This code can allow them to maintain persistence or move laterally within an enclave because it is executed every time the affected user or users logon to a computer. Modifying logon scripts can effectively bypass workstation and enclave firewalls. Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or a remote administrative account may be necessary.
CAPEC-578: Disable Security Software
An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to disable security tools so that detection does not occur. This can take the form of killing processes, deleting registry keys so that tools do not start at run time, deleting log files, or other methods.