CWE-284
DiscouragedImproper Access Control
Abstraction: Pillar · Status: Incomplete
The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.
7802 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-7M8X-QG2J-4M3V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-30 18:12 – Updated: 2026-06-30 18:12Summary
The Fission MessageQueueTrigger (MQT) scaler controller exposed two privilege-escalation primitives to any subject able to create MQTs in a namespace.
Details
1. Secret materialization. getEnvVarlist in pkg/mqtrigger/scalermanager.go read the Secret named in Spec.Secret using the controller's cluster-wide secrets/get RBAC and emitted each key as a literal EnvVar.Value, copying
the plaintext secret content into the connector Deployment's pod template. A subject holding messagequeuetriggers/create but not secrets/get could exfiltrate any Secret in the namespace by pointing an MQT at it.
2. PodSpec injection. Spec.PodSpec was merged into the controller-built connector PodSpec via util.MergePodSpec with no allowlist on which fields could come from the user. An MQT could substitute Containers[].Image (run any
image), override Command/Args, inject Env, add VolumeMounts + Volumes, override ServiceAccountName, and set HostNetwork/HostPID/HostIPC — turning messagequeuetriggers/create into effective deployments/create with an
arbitrary image and service account.
Impact
A tenant with only messagequeuetriggers.fission.io/create in a namespace could read any Secret in that namespace and run an arbitrary container image under an arbitrary service account, escalating well beyond their intended RBAC.
Fix
Fixed in #3367 and released in v1.24.0.
getEnvVarlistnow emitsEnvVar.ValueFrom.SecretKeyRefso the connector pod resolves values at start time under its own service account. The secret values are never written into the Deployment object and never logged.- A new allowlist,
MergeAllowedPodSpecFields(pkg/executor/util/merge_allowlist.go), accepts onlyNodeSelector,Tolerations,Affinity,RuntimeClassName, and per-containerResources. All other user-supplied fields are dropped at the controller layer, and the validating webhook rejects every populated non-allowlisted field with a clear error. The webhook and the merge helper share a single canonicalDisallowedPodSpecFieldsenumeration so they cannot drift.
Behavioural change
MQT authors that previously overrode the connector image, command, args, env, volumes, service account, or host namespaces via Spec.PodSpec will see those fields rejected at admission (or silently dropped if the webhook is disabled).
Allowlisted fields flow through unchanged.
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 1.23.0"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/fission/fission"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.24.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-200",
"CWE-269",
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-06-30T18:12:48Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Summary\n\nThe Fission MessageQueueTrigger (MQT) scaler controller exposed two privilege-escalation primitives to any subject able to create MQTs in a namespace.\n\n### Details\n\n**1. Secret materialization.** `getEnvVarlist` in `pkg/mqtrigger/scalermanager.go` read the Secret named in `Spec.Secret` using the controller\u0027s cluster-wide `secrets/get` RBAC and emitted each key as a literal `EnvVar.Value`, copying\nthe plaintext secret content into the connector Deployment\u0027s pod template. A subject holding `messagequeuetriggers/create` but **not** `secrets/get` could exfiltrate any Secret in the namespace by pointing an MQT at it.\n\n**2. PodSpec injection.** `Spec.PodSpec` was merged into the controller-built connector PodSpec via `util.MergePodSpec` with no allowlist on which fields could come from the user. An MQT could substitute `Containers[].Image` (run any\nimage), override `Command`/`Args`, inject `Env`, add `VolumeMounts` + `Volumes`, override `ServiceAccountName`, and set `HostNetwork`/`HostPID`/`HostIPC` \u2014 turning `messagequeuetriggers/create` into effective `deployments/create` with an\n arbitrary image and service account.\n\n### Impact\n\nA tenant with only `messagequeuetriggers.fission.io/create` in a namespace could read any Secret in that namespace and run an arbitrary container image under an arbitrary service account, escalating well beyond their intended RBAC.\n\n### Fix\n\nFixed in [#3367](https://github.com/fission/fission/pull/3367) and released in [v1.24.0](https://github.com/fission/fission/releases/tag/v1.24.0).\n\n- `getEnvVarlist` now emits `EnvVar.ValueFrom.SecretKeyRef` so the connector pod resolves values at start time under its own service account. The secret values are never written into the Deployment object and never logged.\n- A new allowlist, `MergeAllowedPodSpecFields` (`pkg/executor/util/merge_allowlist.go`), accepts only `NodeSelector`, `Tolerations`, `Affinity`, `RuntimeClassName`, and per-container `Resources`. All other user-supplied fields are\ndropped at the controller layer, and the validating webhook rejects every populated non-allowlisted field with a clear error. The webhook and the merge helper share a single canonical `DisallowedPodSpecFields` enumeration so they cannot\ndrift.\n\n### Behavioural change\n\nMQT authors that previously overrode the connector image, command, args, env, volumes, service account, or host namespaces via `Spec.PodSpec` will see those fields rejected at admission (or silently dropped if the webhook is disabled).\nAllowlisted fields flow through unchanged.",
"id": "GHSA-7m8x-qg2j-4m3v",
"modified": "2026-06-30T18:12:48Z",
"published": "2026-06-30T18:12:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/fission/fission/security/advisories/GHSA-7m8x-qg2j-4m3v"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/fission/fission/pull/3367"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/fission/fission/commit/94bf5792396989fdd71961e8701833c8110da889"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/fission/fission"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/fission/fission/releases/tag/v1.24.0"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Fission: MessageQueueTrigger scaler manager materializes Secret values into Deployment envvars and accepts arbitrary user PodSpec"
}
GHSA-7MC6-7XWC-C4WG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:02 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:02An improper access control vulnerability has been reported to affect earlier versions of Music Station. If exploited, this vulnerability allows attackers to compromise the security of the software by gaining privileges, reading sensitive information, executing commands, evading detection, etc. This issue affects: QNAP Systems Inc. Music Station versions prior to 5.3.16 on QTS 4.5.2; versions prior to 5.2.10 on QTS 4.3.6; versions prior to 5.1.14 on QTS 4.3.3; versions prior to 5.3.16 on QuTS hero h4.5.2; versions prior to 5.3.16 on QuTScloud c4.5.4.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-36197"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-22",
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-05-13T03:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An improper access control vulnerability has been reported to affect earlier versions of Music Station. If exploited, this vulnerability allows attackers to compromise the security of the software by gaining privileges, reading sensitive information, executing commands, evading detection, etc. This issue affects: QNAP Systems Inc. Music Station versions prior to 5.3.16 on QTS 4.5.2; versions prior to 5.2.10 on QTS 4.3.6; versions prior to 5.1.14 on QTS 4.3.3; versions prior to 5.3.16 on QuTS hero h4.5.2; versions prior to 5.3.16 on QuTScloud c4.5.4.",
"id": "GHSA-7mc6-7xwc-c4wg",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:02:24Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:02:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-36197"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.qnap.com/zh-tw/security-advisory/qsa-21-08"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-21-591"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/162849/QNAP-MusicStation-MalwareRemover-File-Upload-Command-Injection.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-7MC7-7HRX-6FCV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-24 18:31 – Updated: 2025-01-24 18:31A vulnerability classified as critical was found in JoeyBling bootplus up to 247d5f6c209be1a5cf10cd0fa18e1d8cc63cf55d. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file src/main/java/io/github/controller/SysFileController.java. The manipulation of the argument portraitFile leads to unrestricted upload. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Continious delivery with rolling releases is used by this product. Therefore, no version details of affected nor updated releases are available.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-0702"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-24T18:15:32Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability classified as critical was found in JoeyBling bootplus up to 247d5f6c209be1a5cf10cd0fa18e1d8cc63cf55d. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file src/main/java/io/github/controller/SysFileController.java. The manipulation of the argument portraitFile leads to unrestricted upload. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Continious delivery with rolling releases is used by this product. Therefore, no version details of affected nor updated releases are available.",
"id": "GHSA-7mc7-7hrx-6fcv",
"modified": "2025-01-24T18:31:13Z",
"published": "2025-01-24T18:31:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-0702"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/JoeyBling/bootplus/issues/24"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/JoeyBling/bootplus/issues/24#issue-2786919432"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.293230"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.293230"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.480841"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-7MCJ-XRM8-CWQF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 03:03 – Updated: 2022-05-17 03:03An elevation of privilege vulnerability in Qualcomm media codecs could enable a local malicious application to execute arbitrary code within the context of a privileged process. This issue is rated as High because it could be used to gain local access to elevated capabilities, which are not normally accessible to a third-party application. Product: Android. Versions: Kernel-3.10, Kernel-3.18. Android ID: A-30148882. References: QC-CR#1071731.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-6758"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-01-12T15:59:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An elevation of privilege vulnerability in Qualcomm media codecs could enable a local malicious application to execute arbitrary code within the context of a privileged process. This issue is rated as High because it could be used to gain local access to elevated capabilities, which are not normally accessible to a third-party application. Product: Android. Versions: Kernel-3.10, Kernel-3.18. Android ID: A-30148882. References: QC-CR#1071731.",
"id": "GHSA-7mcj-xrm8-cwqf",
"modified": "2022-05-17T03:03:31Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T03:03:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-6758"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2016-12-01.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/94677"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7MG4-FFX3-2M8F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-11-23 09:30 – Updated: 2023-11-23 09:30Dell Command | Configure, versions prior to 4.11.0, contains an improper access control vulnerability. A local malicious user could potentially modify files inside installation folder during application upgrade, leading to privilege escalation.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-43086"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-11-23T07:15:46Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "\nDell Command | Configure, versions prior to 4.11.0, contains an improper access control vulnerability. A local malicious user could potentially modify files inside installation folder during application upgrade, leading to privilege escalation.\n\n",
"id": "GHSA-7mg4-ffx3-2m8f",
"modified": "2023-11-23T09:30:27Z",
"published": "2023-11-23T09:30:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-43086"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dell.com/support/kbdoc/en-us/000218424/dsa-2023-387-security-update-for-a-dell-command-configure-vulnerability"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7MPQ-M79G-63JX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:35 – Updated: 2022-05-17 02:35In all Android releases from CAF using the Linux kernel, libtomcrypt was updated.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-10335"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-06-13T20:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In all Android releases from CAF using the Linux kernel, libtomcrypt was updated.",
"id": "GHSA-7mpq-m79g-63jx",
"modified": "2022-05-17T02:35:19Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T02:35:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-10335"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2017-06-01"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/98874"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1038623"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7MPV-WH4Q-RRQW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-01 00:34 – Updated: 2026-07-01 03:35Inappropriate implementation in Passwords in Google Chrome on Android prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker to obtain potentially sensitive information from process memory via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-13936"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-30T23:17:07Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Inappropriate implementation in Passwords in Google Chrome on Android prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker to obtain potentially sensitive information from process memory via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)",
"id": "GHSA-7mpv-wh4q-rrqw",
"modified": "2026-07-01T03:35:22Z",
"published": "2026-07-01T00:34:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-13936"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/06/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_0175352312.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/513044658"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7MQ4-Q26P-5PJ7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:56 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:56The PDF plugin in Google Chrome prior to 55.0.2883.75 for Mac, Windows and Linux, and 55.0.2883.84 for Android incorrectly followed redirects, which allowed a remote attacker to bypass the Same Origin Policy via a crafted HTML page.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-5206"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-01-19T05:59:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The PDF plugin in Google Chrome prior to 55.0.2883.75 for Mac, Windows and Linux, and 55.0.2883.84 for Android incorrectly followed redirects, which allowed a remote attacker to bypass the Same Origin Policy via a crafted HTML page.",
"id": "GHSA-7mq4-q26p-5pj7",
"modified": "2022-05-14T03:56:37Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T03:56:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-5206"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2016/12/stable-channel-update-for-desktop.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://crbug.com/653749"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201612-11"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016-2919.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/94633"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7MQG-5FGH-XH4R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:49 – Updated: 2024-05-15 22:46An Incorrect Access Control vulnerability was found in Wikimedia MediaWiki 1.18.0 through 1.32.1. It is possible to bypass the limits on IP range blocks ($wgBlockCIDRLimit) by using the API. Fixed in 1.32.2, 1.31.2, 1.30.2 and 1.27.6.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "mediawiki/core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.18.0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.27.6"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "mediawiki/core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.30.0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.30.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "mediawiki/core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.31.0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.31.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "mediawiki/core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.32.0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.32.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-12472"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-05-15T22:46:17Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2019-07-10T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An Incorrect Access Control vulnerability was found in Wikimedia MediaWiki 1.18.0 through 1.32.1. It is possible to bypass the limits on IP range blocks ($wgBlockCIDRLimit) by using the API. Fixed in 1.32.2, 1.31.2, 1.30.2 and 1.27.6.",
"id": "GHSA-7mqg-5fgh-xh4r",
"modified": "2024-05-15T22:46:17Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:49:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-12472"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/FriendsOfPHP/security-advisories/blob/master/mediawiki/core/CVE-2019-12472.yaml"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/wikimedia/mediawiki"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2019-June/092152.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T199540"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "MediaWiki Incorrect Access Control vulnerability"
}
GHSA-7MQJ-6929-C48Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:49 – Updated: 2025-04-20 03:36SeaWell Networks Spectrum SDC 02.05.00 allows remote viewer users to perform administrative functions.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2015-8284"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-04-13T14:59:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "SeaWell Networks Spectrum SDC 02.05.00 allows remote viewer users to perform administrative functions.",
"id": "GHSA-7mqj-6929-c48q",
"modified": "2025-04-20T03:36:02Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T02:49:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-8284"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/39266"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/135311/SeaWell-Networks-Spectrum-SDC-02.05.00-Traversal-Privilege-Escalation.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2016/Jan/58"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-1
Very carefully manage the setting, management, and handling of privileges. Explicitly manage trust zones in the software.
Mitigation MIT-46
Strategy: Separation of Privilege
- Compartmentalize the system to have "safe" areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
- Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
CAPEC-19: Embedding Scripts within Scripts
An adversary leverages the capability to execute their own script by embedding it within other scripts that the target software is likely to execute due to programs' vulnerabilities that are brought on by allowing remote hosts to execute scripts.
CAPEC-441: Malicious Logic Insertion
An adversary installs or adds malicious logic (also known as malware) into a seemingly benign component of a fielded system. This logic is often hidden from the user of the system and works behind the scenes to achieve negative impacts. With the proliferation of mass digital storage and inexpensive multimedia devices, Bluetooth and 802.11 support, new attack vectors for spreading malware are emerging for things we once thought of as innocuous greeting cards, picture frames, or digital projectors. This pattern of attack focuses on systems already fielded and used in operation as opposed to systems and their components that are still under development and part of the supply chain.
CAPEC-478: Modification of Windows Service Configuration
An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to modify the execution parameters of a Windows service. The goal of this attack is to execute a malicious binary in place of an existing service.
CAPEC-479: Malicious Root Certificate
An adversary exploits a weakness in authorization and installs a new root certificate on a compromised system. Certificates are commonly used for establishing secure TLS/SSL communications within a web browser. When a user attempts to browse a website that presents a certificate that is not trusted an error message will be displayed to warn the user of the security risk. Depending on the security settings, the browser may not allow the user to establish a connection to the website. Adversaries have used this technique to avoid security warnings prompting users when compromised systems connect over HTTPS to adversary controlled web servers that spoof legitimate websites in order to collect login credentials.
CAPEC-502: Intent Spoof
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, issues an intent directed toward a specific trusted application's component in an attempt to achieve a variety of different objectives including modification of data, information disclosure, and data injection. Components that have been unintentionally exported and made public are subject to this type of an attack. If the component trusts the intent's action without verififcation, then the target application performs the functionality at the adversary's request, helping the adversary achieve the desired negative technical impact.
CAPEC-503: WebView Exposure
An adversary, through a malicious web page, accesses application specific functionality by leveraging interfaces registered through WebView's addJavascriptInterface API. Once an interface is registered to WebView through addJavascriptInterface, it becomes global and all pages loaded in the WebView can call this interface.
CAPEC-536: Data Injected During Configuration
An attacker with access to data files and processes on a victim's system injects malicious data into critical operational data during configuration or recalibration, causing the victim's system to perform in a suboptimal manner that benefits the adversary.
CAPEC-546: Incomplete Data Deletion in a Multi-Tenant Environment
An adversary obtains unauthorized information due to insecure or incomplete data deletion in a multi-tenant environment. If a cloud provider fails to completely delete storage and data from former cloud tenants' systems/resources, once these resources are allocated to new, potentially malicious tenants, the latter can probe the provided resources for sensitive information still there.
CAPEC-550: Install New Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Adversaries may install a new service which will be executed at startup (on a Windows system, by modifying the registry). The service name may be disguised by using a name from a related operating system or benign software. Services are usually run with elevated privileges.
CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.
CAPEC-552: Install Rootkit
An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to install malware that alters the functionality and information provide by targeted operating system API calls. Often referred to as rootkits, it is often used to hide the presence of programs, files, network connections, services, drivers, and other system components.
CAPEC-556: Replace File Extension Handlers
When a file is opened, its file handler is checked to determine which program opens the file. File handlers are configuration properties of many operating systems. Applications can modify the file handler for a given file extension to call an arbitrary program when a file with the given extension is opened.
CAPEC-558: Replace Trusted Executable
An adversary exploits weaknesses in privilege management or access control to replace a trusted executable with a malicious version and enable the execution of malware when that trusted executable is called.
CAPEC-562: Modify Shared File
An adversary manipulates the files in a shared location by adding malicious programs, scripts, or exploit code to valid content. Once a user opens the shared content, the tainted content is executed.
CAPEC-563: Add Malicious File to Shared Webroot
An adversaries may add malicious content to a website through the open file share and then browse to that content with a web browser to cause the server to execute the content. The malicious content will typically run under the context and permissions of the web server process, often resulting in local system or administrative privileges depending on how the web server is configured.
CAPEC-564: Run Software at Logon
Operating system allows logon scripts to be run whenever a specific user or users logon to a system. If adversaries can access these scripts, they may insert additional code into the logon script. This code can allow them to maintain persistence or move laterally within an enclave because it is executed every time the affected user or users logon to a computer. Modifying logon scripts can effectively bypass workstation and enclave firewalls. Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or a remote administrative account may be necessary.
CAPEC-578: Disable Security Software
An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to disable security tools so that detection does not occur. This can take the form of killing processes, deleting registry keys so that tools do not start at run time, deleting log files, or other methods.