CWE-284
DiscouragedImproper Access Control
Abstraction: Pillar · Status: Incomplete
The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.
7802 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-7GX8-8JQ4-Q6J2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-13 03:30 – Updated: 2025-10-13 03:30A security flaw has been discovered in Total.js Flow up to 673ef9144dd25d4f4fd4fdfda5af27f230198924. The impacted element is an unknown function of the component SVG File Handler. Performing manipulation results in unrestricted upload. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been released to the public and may be exploited. Continious delivery with rolling releases is used by this product. Therefore, no version details of affected nor updated releases are available. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-11655"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-10-13T02:15:34Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A security flaw has been discovered in Total.js Flow up to 673ef9144dd25d4f4fd4fdfda5af27f230198924. The impacted element is an unknown function of the component SVG File Handler. Performing manipulation results in unrestricted upload. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been released to the public and may be exploited. Continious delivery with rolling releases is used by this product. Therefore, no version details of affected nor updated releases are available. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-7gx8-8jq4-q6j2",
"modified": "2025-10-13T03:30:35Z",
"published": "2025-10-13T03:30:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-11655"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.328072"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.328072"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.665479"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.665497"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-7H2F-J5W7-XP8C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-18 00:30 – Updated: 2023-01-18 00:30Vulnerability in the Oracle HCM Common Architecture product of Oracle E-Business Suite (component: Auomated Test Suite). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.3-12.2.12. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle HCM Common Architecture. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized creation, deletion or modification access to critical data or all Oracle HCM Common Architecture accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 7.5 (Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-21857"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-18T00:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the Oracle HCM Common Architecture product of Oracle E-Business Suite (component: Auomated Test Suite). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.3-12.2.12. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle HCM Common Architecture. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized creation, deletion or modification access to critical data or all Oracle HCM Common Architecture accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 7.5 (Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N).",
"id": "GHSA-7h2f-j5w7-xp8c",
"modified": "2023-01-18T00:30:17Z",
"published": "2023-01-18T00:30:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-21857"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2023.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7H3Q-JHJR-X4RR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 03:39 – Updated: 2022-05-17 03:39The multi-tenant database container feature in SAP HANA does not properly encrypt communications, which allows remote attackers to bypass intended access restrictions and possibly have unspecified other impact via unknown vectors, aka SAP Security Note 2233550.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-6150"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2016-08-05T14:59:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The multi-tenant database container feature in SAP HANA does not properly encrypt communications, which allows remote attackers to bypass intended access restrictions and possibly have unspecified other impact via unknown vectors, aka SAP Security Note 2233550.",
"id": "GHSA-7h3q-jhjr-x4rr",
"modified": "2022-05-17T03:39:46Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T03:39:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-6150"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://layersevensecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/Layer-Seven-Security_SAP-Security-Notes_January-2016.pdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.onapsis.com/research/security-advisories/sap-hana-potential-wrong-encryption"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/138453/SAP-HANA-DB-Encryption-Issue.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2016/Aug/96"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/92064"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7H9M-CJQH-75C6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-07-13 00:01 – Updated: 2022-07-17 00:00Improper access control vulnerability in sendDHCPACKBroadcast function of SemWifiApClient prior to SMR Jul-2022 Release 1 allows attacker to access wifi ap client mac address that connected by using WIFI_AP_STA_DHCPACK_EVENT action.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-30751"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284",
"CWE-668"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-07-12T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "Improper access control vulnerability in sendDHCPACKBroadcast function of SemWifiApClient prior to SMR Jul-2022 Release 1 allows attacker to access wifi ap client mac address that connected by using WIFI_AP_STA_DHCPACK_EVENT action.",
"id": "GHSA-7h9m-cjqh-75c6",
"modified": "2022-07-17T00:00:45Z",
"published": "2022-07-13T00:01:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-30751"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.samsungmobile.com/securityUpdate.smsb?year=2022\u0026month=7"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7HC4-Q4R5-H48X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-25 12:31 – Updated: 2024-10-25 12:31Dell Data Lakehouse, version(s) 1.0.0.0, 1.1.0., contain(s) an Improper Access Control vulnerability. An unauthenticated attacker with adjacent network access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to Denial of service.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-47481"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-10-25T11:15:17Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Dell Data Lakehouse, version(s) 1.0.0.0, 1.1.0., contain(s) an Improper Access Control vulnerability. An unauthenticated attacker with adjacent network access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to Denial of service.",
"id": "GHSA-7hc4-q4r5-h48x",
"modified": "2024-10-25T12:31:34Z",
"published": "2024-10-25T12:31:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-47481"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dell.com/support/kbdoc/en-us/000240535/dsa-2024-419-security-update-for-dell-data-lakehouse-system-software-for-multiple-third-party-component-vulnerabilities"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7HH3-3X64-V2G9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-20 18:50 – Updated: 2023-06-26 13:55Impact
If you used the apiPrefilter option of the @Entity decorator, by setting it to a function that returns a filter that prevents unauthorized access to data, an attacker who knows the id of an entity instance she is not authorized to access, can gain read, update and delete access to it.
Patches
The issue is fixed in version 0.20.6
Workarounds
Set the apiPrefilter option to a filter object instead of a function.
References
If you're using a minor version < 0.20 and require a patch, please create an issue.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "remult"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.20.6"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-35167"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-06-20T18:50:15Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2023-06-23T20:15:09Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Impact\nIf you used the [apiPrefilter](https://remult.dev/docs/ref_entity.html#apiprefilter) option of the `@Entity` decorator, by setting it to a function that returns a filter that prevents unauthorized access to data, an attacker who knows the `id` of an entity instance she is not authorized to access, can gain read, update and delete access to it.\n\n### Patches\nThe issue is fixed in version 0.20.6\n\n### Workarounds\nSet the `apiPrefilter` option to a filter object instead of a function.\n\n### References\nIf you\u0027re using a minor version \u003c 0.20 and require a patch, please create an issue.",
"id": "GHSA-7hh3-3x64-v2g9",
"modified": "2023-06-26T13:55:41Z",
"published": "2023-06-20T18:50:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/remult/remult/security/advisories/GHSA-7hh3-3x64-v2g9"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-35167"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/remult/remult/commit/6892ae97134126d8710ef7302bb2fc37730994c5"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/remult/remult"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/remult/remult/releases/tag/v0.20.6"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "When setting EntityOptions.apiPrefilter to a function, the filter is not applied to API requests for a resource by Id"
}
GHSA-7HH3-MRX6-FGWQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-11 12:30 – Updated: 2025-02-11 12:30A vulnerability has been identified in SCALANCE WAB762-1 (6GK5762-1AJ00-6AA0) (All versions < V3.0.0), SCALANCE WAM763-1 (6GK5763-1AL00-7DA0) (All versions < V3.0.0), SCALANCE WAM763-1 (ME) (6GK5763-1AL00-7DC0) (All versions < V3.0.0), SCALANCE WAM763-1 (US) (6GK5763-1AL00-7DB0) (All versions < V3.0.0), SCALANCE WAM766-1 (6GK5766-1GE00-7DA0) (All versions < V3.0.0), SCALANCE WAM766-1 (ME) (6GK5766-1GE00-7DC0) (All versions < V3.0.0), SCALANCE WAM766-1 (US) (6GK5766-1GE00-7DB0) (All versions < V3.0.0), SCALANCE WAM766-1 EEC (6GK5766-1GE00-7TA0) (All versions < V3.0.0), SCALANCE WAM766-1 EEC (ME) (6GK5766-1GE00-7TC0) (All versions < V3.0.0), SCALANCE WAM766-1 EEC (US) (6GK5766-1GE00-7TB0) (All versions < V3.0.0), SCALANCE WUB762-1 (6GK5762-1AJ00-1AA0) (All versions < V3.0.0), SCALANCE WUB762-1 iFeatures (6GK5762-1AJ00-2AA0) (All versions < V3.0.0), SCALANCE WUM763-1 (6GK5763-1AL00-3AA0) (All versions < V3.0.0), SCALANCE WUM763-1 (6GK5763-1AL00-3DA0) (All versions < V3.0.0), SCALANCE WUM763-1 (US) (6GK5763-1AL00-3AB0) (All versions < V3.0.0), SCALANCE WUM763-1 (US) (6GK5763-1AL00-3DB0) (All versions < V3.0.0), SCALANCE WUM766-1 (6GK5766-1GE00-3DA0) (All versions < V3.0.0), SCALANCE WUM766-1 (ME) (6GK5766-1GE00-3DC0) (All versions < V3.0.0), SCALANCE WUM766-1 (USA) (6GK5766-1GE00-3DB0) (All versions < V3.0.0). Affected devices with role user is affected by incorrect authorization in SNMPv3 View configuration. This could allow an attacker to change the View Type of SNMPv3 Views.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-24532"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-11T11:15:16Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been identified in SCALANCE WAB762-1 (6GK5762-1AJ00-6AA0) (All versions \u003c V3.0.0), SCALANCE WAM763-1 (6GK5763-1AL00-7DA0) (All versions \u003c V3.0.0), SCALANCE WAM763-1 (ME) (6GK5763-1AL00-7DC0) (All versions \u003c V3.0.0), SCALANCE WAM763-1 (US) (6GK5763-1AL00-7DB0) (All versions \u003c V3.0.0), SCALANCE WAM766-1 (6GK5766-1GE00-7DA0) (All versions \u003c V3.0.0), SCALANCE WAM766-1 (ME) (6GK5766-1GE00-7DC0) (All versions \u003c V3.0.0), SCALANCE WAM766-1 (US) (6GK5766-1GE00-7DB0) (All versions \u003c V3.0.0), SCALANCE WAM766-1 EEC (6GK5766-1GE00-7TA0) (All versions \u003c V3.0.0), SCALANCE WAM766-1 EEC (ME) (6GK5766-1GE00-7TC0) (All versions \u003c V3.0.0), SCALANCE WAM766-1 EEC (US) (6GK5766-1GE00-7TB0) (All versions \u003c V3.0.0), SCALANCE WUB762-1 (6GK5762-1AJ00-1AA0) (All versions \u003c V3.0.0), SCALANCE WUB762-1 iFeatures (6GK5762-1AJ00-2AA0) (All versions \u003c V3.0.0), SCALANCE WUM763-1 (6GK5763-1AL00-3AA0) (All versions \u003c V3.0.0), SCALANCE WUM763-1 (6GK5763-1AL00-3DA0) (All versions \u003c V3.0.0), SCALANCE WUM763-1 (US) (6GK5763-1AL00-3AB0) (All versions \u003c V3.0.0), SCALANCE WUM763-1 (US) (6GK5763-1AL00-3DB0) (All versions \u003c V3.0.0), SCALANCE WUM766-1 (6GK5766-1GE00-3DA0) (All versions \u003c V3.0.0), SCALANCE WUM766-1 (ME) (6GK5766-1GE00-3DC0) (All versions \u003c V3.0.0), SCALANCE WUM766-1 (USA) (6GK5766-1GE00-3DB0) (All versions \u003c V3.0.0). Affected devices with role `user` is affected by incorrect authorization in SNMPv3 View configuration. This could allow an attacker to change the View Type of SNMPv3 Views.",
"id": "GHSA-7hh3-mrx6-fgwq",
"modified": "2025-02-11T12:30:55Z",
"published": "2025-02-11T12:30:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-24532"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-769027.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-7HHV-22Q4-RP96
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-17 18:35 – Updated: 2026-06-17 18:35Vulnerability in the MySQL Shell product of Oracle MySQL (component: Shell for VS Code). The supported version that is affected is 2026.2.0+9.6.1. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise MySQL Shell. While the vulnerability is in MySQL Shell, attacks may significantly impact additional products (scope change). Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of MySQL Shell. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 8.5 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-46870"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-17T10:54:04Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the MySQL Shell product of Oracle MySQL (component: Shell for VS Code). The supported version that is affected is 2026.2.0+9.6.1. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise MySQL Shell. While the vulnerability is in MySQL Shell, attacks may significantly impact additional products (scope change). Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of MySQL Shell. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 8.5 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).",
"id": "GHSA-7hhv-22q4-rp96",
"modified": "2026-06-17T18:35:33Z",
"published": "2026-06-17T18:35:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-46870"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cspujun2026.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7HHW-C2C3-VP77
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-10-07 18:15 – Updated: 2022-10-12 12:00Improper access control vulnerability in ContentsSharingActivity.java SmartThings prior to version 1.7.89.0 allows attackers to access sensitive information via implicit broadcast.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-39865"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284",
"CWE-668"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-10-07T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Improper access control vulnerability in ContentsSharingActivity.java SmartThings prior to version 1.7.89.0 allows attackers to access sensitive information via implicit broadcast.",
"id": "GHSA-7hhw-c2c3-vp77",
"modified": "2022-10-12T12:00:24Z",
"published": "2022-10-07T18:15:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-39865"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.samsungmobile.com/serviceWeb.smsb?year=2022\u0026month=10"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7HR8-MWM4-3323
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-29 15:30 – Updated: 2024-08-01 18:32SEMCMS 4.8 is vulnerable to Incorrect Access Control. The code installs SEMCMS_Funtion.php before checking if the admin is a valid user in the admin page because authentication function is called from there, users gain admin privileges.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-28405"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-29T15:15:11Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "SEMCMS 4.8 is vulnerable to Incorrect Access Control. The code installs SEMCMS_Funtion.php before checking if the admin is a valid user in the admin page because authentication function is called from there, users gain admin privileges.",
"id": "GHSA-7hr8-mwm4-3323",
"modified": "2024-08-01T18:32:49Z",
"published": "2024-03-29T15:30:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-28405"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/turabiaslan/semcms"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/turabiaslan/semcms/blob/main/README.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-1
Very carefully manage the setting, management, and handling of privileges. Explicitly manage trust zones in the software.
Mitigation MIT-46
Strategy: Separation of Privilege
- Compartmentalize the system to have "safe" areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
- Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
CAPEC-19: Embedding Scripts within Scripts
An adversary leverages the capability to execute their own script by embedding it within other scripts that the target software is likely to execute due to programs' vulnerabilities that are brought on by allowing remote hosts to execute scripts.
CAPEC-441: Malicious Logic Insertion
An adversary installs or adds malicious logic (also known as malware) into a seemingly benign component of a fielded system. This logic is often hidden from the user of the system and works behind the scenes to achieve negative impacts. With the proliferation of mass digital storage and inexpensive multimedia devices, Bluetooth and 802.11 support, new attack vectors for spreading malware are emerging for things we once thought of as innocuous greeting cards, picture frames, or digital projectors. This pattern of attack focuses on systems already fielded and used in operation as opposed to systems and their components that are still under development and part of the supply chain.
CAPEC-478: Modification of Windows Service Configuration
An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to modify the execution parameters of a Windows service. The goal of this attack is to execute a malicious binary in place of an existing service.
CAPEC-479: Malicious Root Certificate
An adversary exploits a weakness in authorization and installs a new root certificate on a compromised system. Certificates are commonly used for establishing secure TLS/SSL communications within a web browser. When a user attempts to browse a website that presents a certificate that is not trusted an error message will be displayed to warn the user of the security risk. Depending on the security settings, the browser may not allow the user to establish a connection to the website. Adversaries have used this technique to avoid security warnings prompting users when compromised systems connect over HTTPS to adversary controlled web servers that spoof legitimate websites in order to collect login credentials.
CAPEC-502: Intent Spoof
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, issues an intent directed toward a specific trusted application's component in an attempt to achieve a variety of different objectives including modification of data, information disclosure, and data injection. Components that have been unintentionally exported and made public are subject to this type of an attack. If the component trusts the intent's action without verififcation, then the target application performs the functionality at the adversary's request, helping the adversary achieve the desired negative technical impact.
CAPEC-503: WebView Exposure
An adversary, through a malicious web page, accesses application specific functionality by leveraging interfaces registered through WebView's addJavascriptInterface API. Once an interface is registered to WebView through addJavascriptInterface, it becomes global and all pages loaded in the WebView can call this interface.
CAPEC-536: Data Injected During Configuration
An attacker with access to data files and processes on a victim's system injects malicious data into critical operational data during configuration or recalibration, causing the victim's system to perform in a suboptimal manner that benefits the adversary.
CAPEC-546: Incomplete Data Deletion in a Multi-Tenant Environment
An adversary obtains unauthorized information due to insecure or incomplete data deletion in a multi-tenant environment. If a cloud provider fails to completely delete storage and data from former cloud tenants' systems/resources, once these resources are allocated to new, potentially malicious tenants, the latter can probe the provided resources for sensitive information still there.
CAPEC-550: Install New Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Adversaries may install a new service which will be executed at startup (on a Windows system, by modifying the registry). The service name may be disguised by using a name from a related operating system or benign software. Services are usually run with elevated privileges.
CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.
CAPEC-552: Install Rootkit
An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to install malware that alters the functionality and information provide by targeted operating system API calls. Often referred to as rootkits, it is often used to hide the presence of programs, files, network connections, services, drivers, and other system components.
CAPEC-556: Replace File Extension Handlers
When a file is opened, its file handler is checked to determine which program opens the file. File handlers are configuration properties of many operating systems. Applications can modify the file handler for a given file extension to call an arbitrary program when a file with the given extension is opened.
CAPEC-558: Replace Trusted Executable
An adversary exploits weaknesses in privilege management or access control to replace a trusted executable with a malicious version and enable the execution of malware when that trusted executable is called.
CAPEC-562: Modify Shared File
An adversary manipulates the files in a shared location by adding malicious programs, scripts, or exploit code to valid content. Once a user opens the shared content, the tainted content is executed.
CAPEC-563: Add Malicious File to Shared Webroot
An adversaries may add malicious content to a website through the open file share and then browse to that content with a web browser to cause the server to execute the content. The malicious content will typically run under the context and permissions of the web server process, often resulting in local system or administrative privileges depending on how the web server is configured.
CAPEC-564: Run Software at Logon
Operating system allows logon scripts to be run whenever a specific user or users logon to a system. If adversaries can access these scripts, they may insert additional code into the logon script. This code can allow them to maintain persistence or move laterally within an enclave because it is executed every time the affected user or users logon to a computer. Modifying logon scripts can effectively bypass workstation and enclave firewalls. Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or a remote administrative account may be necessary.
CAPEC-578: Disable Security Software
An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to disable security tools so that detection does not occur. This can take the form of killing processes, deleting registry keys so that tools do not start at run time, deleting log files, or other methods.