Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-176
AllowedImproper Handling of Unicode Encoding
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
The product does not properly handle when an input contains Unicode encoding.
53 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-23950 (GCVE-0-2026-23950)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-20 00:40 – Updated: 2026-07-15 01:17
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
node-tar has Race Condition in Path Reservations via Unicode Ligature Collisions on macOS APFS
Summary
node-tar,a Tar for Node.js, has a race condition vulnerability in versions up to and including 7.5.3. This is due to an incomplete handling of Unicode path collisions in the `path-reservations` system. On case-insensitive or normalization-insensitive filesystems (such as macOS APFS, In which it has been tested), the library fails to lock colliding paths (e.g., `ß` and `ss`), allowing them to be processed in parallel. This bypasses the library's internal concurrency safeguards and permits Symlink Poisoning attacks via race conditions. The library uses a `PathReservations` system to ensure that metadata checks and file operations for the same path are serialized. This prevents race conditions where one entry might clobber another concurrently. This is a Race Condition which enables Arbitrary File Overwrite. This vulnerability affects users and systems using node-tar on macOS (APFS/HFS+). Because of using `NFD` Unicode normalization (in which `ß` and `ss` are different), conflicting paths do not have their order properly preserved under filesystems that ignore Unicode normalization (e.g., APFS (in which `ß` causes an inode collision with `ss`)). This enables an attacker to circumvent internal parallelization locks (`PathReservations`) using conflicting filenames within a malicious tar archive. The patch in version 7.5.4 updates `path-reservations.js` to use a normalization form that matches the target filesystem's behavior (e.g., `NFKD`), followed by first `toLocaleLowerCase('en')` and then `toLocaleUpperCase('en')`. As a workaround, users who cannot upgrade promptly, and who are programmatically using `node-tar` to extract arbitrary tarball data should filter out all `SymbolicLink` entries (as npm does) to defend against arbitrary file writes via this file system entry name collision issue.
Severity
8.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
10 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/isaacs/node-tar/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/isaacs/node-tar/commit/3b1abfa… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-23950 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2431036 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/v… | x_sadp-csaf-vex |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:18480 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:18868 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:6192 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:2926 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:2144 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
Impacted products
41 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| isaacs | node-tar |
Affected:
< 7.5.4
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 |
Unaffected:
0:2.26-7.el10 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10.2 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
Unaffected:
0:2.26-7.el9 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces 3.27 |
Unaffected:
1774451954 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_devspaces:3.27::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Trusted Artifact Signer 1.2 |
Unaffected:
1770739056 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:trusted_artifact_signer:1.2::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Trusted Artifact Signer 1.3 |
Unaffected:
1770107452 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:trusted_artifact_signer:1.3::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Confidential Compute Attestation |
cpe:/a:redhat:confidential_compute_attestation:1 |
|
| Red Hat | Cryostat 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:cryostat:4 |
|
| Red Hat | Logging Subsystem for Red Hat OpenShift |
cpe:/a:redhat:logging:5 |
|
| Red Hat | Migration Toolkit for Containers |
cpe:/a:redhat:rhmt:1 |
|
| Red Hat | Multicluster Engine for Kubernetes |
cpe:/a:redhat:multicluster_engine |
|
| Red Hat | Network Observability Operator |
cpe:/a:redhat:network_observ_optr:1 |
|
| Red Hat | Node HealthCheck Operator |
cpe:/a:redhat:workload_availability_nhc:0 |
|
| Red Hat | OpenShift Lightspeed |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_lightspeed |
|
| Red Hat | OpenShift Pipelines |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_pipelines:1 |
|
| Red Hat | OpenShift Serverless |
cpe:/a:redhat:serverless:1 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat 3scale API Management Platform 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:red_hat_3scale_amp:2 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:acm:2 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat AMQ Broker 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:amq_broker:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Apache Camel - HawtIO 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:apache_camel_hawtio:4 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Connectivity Link 1 |
cpe:/a:redhat:connectivity_link:1 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Developer Hub |
cpe:/a:redhat:rhdh:1 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI) 3 |
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux_ai:3 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Fuse 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_fuse:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack |
cpe:/a:redhat:jbosseapxp |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI) |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift GitOps |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_gitops:1 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Process Automation 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_bpms_platform:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Quay 3 |
cpe:/a:redhat:quay:3 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Satellite 6 |
cpe:/a:redhat:satellite:6 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Single Sign-On 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7 |
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CVE-2026-20202 (GCVE-0-2026-20202)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-15 15:17 – Updated: 2026-04-16 03:55
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Improper Input Validation during User Account Creation in Splunk Enterprise
Summary
In Splunk Enterprise versions below 10.2.2, 10.0.5, 9.4.10, and 9.3.11, and Splunk Cloud Platform versions below 10.4.2603.0, 10.3.2512.6, 10.2.2510.10, 10.1.2507.20, 10.0.2503.13, and 9.3.2411.127, a user who holds a role that contains the high-privilege capability `edit_user`could create a specially crafted username that includes a null byte or a non-UTF-8 percent-encoded byte due to improper input validation.<br><br>This could lead to inconsistent conversion of usernames into a proper format for storage and account management inconsistencies, such as being unable to edit or delete affected users.
Severity
6.6 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-176 - The software does not properly handle when an input contains Unicode encoding.
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Splunk | Splunk Enterprise |
Affected:
10.2 , < 10.2.2
(custom)
Affected: 10.0 , < 10.0.5 (custom) Affected: 9.4 , < 9.4.10 (custom) Affected: 9.3 , < 9.3.11 (custom) |
|
| Splunk | Splunk Cloud Platform |
Affected:
10.4.2603 , < Not Affected
(custom)
Affected: 10.3.2512 , < 10.3.2512.6 (custom) Affected: 10.2.2510 , < 10.2.2510.10 (custom) Affected: 10.1.2507 , < 10.1.2507.20 (custom) Affected: 10.0.2503 , < 10.0.2503.13 (custom) Affected: 9.3.2411 , < 9.3.2411.127 (custom) |
Date Public
2026-04-15 00:00
Credits
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CVE-2026-7040 (GCVE-0-2026-7040)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-27 12:29 – Updated: 2026-05-01 16:03
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Text::Minify::XS versions from 0.3.0 before 0.7.8 for Perl have heap overflow when processing some malformed UTF-8 characters
Summary
Text::Minify::XS versions from 0.3.0 before 0.7.8 for Perl have a heap overflow when processing some malformed UTF-8 characters.
The minify functions mishandled some malformed UTF-8 characters, leading to heap corruption.
Note that the minify_utf8 function is an alias for minify.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/robrwo/Text-Minify-XS/security… | vendor-advisory |
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| http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/04/27/5 |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| RRWO | Text::Minify::XS |
Affected:
0.3.0 , < 0.7.8
(custom)
|
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CVE-2026-4116 (GCVE-0-2026-4116)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-09 14:27 – Updated: 2026-04-13 18:26
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
Improper handling of Unicode encoding in SonicWall SMA1000 series appliances allows a remote authenticated SSLVPN user to bypass Workplace/Connect Tunnel TOTP authentication.
Severity
7.2 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-176 - Improper handling of unicode encoding
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://psirt.global.sonicwall.com/vuln-detail/SN… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-04-09 05:11
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CVE-2026-4114 (GCVE-0-2026-4114)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-09 14:25 – Updated: 2026-05-10 13:19
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
Improper handling of Unicode encoding in SonicWall SMA1000 series appliances allows a remote authenticated SSLVPN admin to bypass AMC TOTP authentication.
Severity
6.6 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-176 - Improper handling of unicode encoding
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://psirt.global.sonicwall.com/vuln-detail/SN… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
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2026-04-09 05:11
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CVE-2025-71316 (GCVE-0-2025-71316)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-04 17:39 – Updated: 2026-06-10 10:34
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
SQLite sqldiff remote code execution via argument injection
Summary
SQLite 'sqldiff.exe' does not securely handle the way the Microsoft Windows C runtime converts Unicode characters to ANSI codepages. An attacker could use the '-L' option to load an arbitrary DLL with a crafted command line argument string that results in command line file arguments being misinterpreted as command line options. Fixed on or around 2025-12-26.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-176 - Improper Handling of Unicode Encoding
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://sqlite.org/src/file/tool/winmain.c | patch |
| https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/a… | mitigation |
| https://i.blackhat.com/EU-24/Presentations/EU-24-… | exploit |
| https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cisagov/CSAF/de… | third-party-advisory |
| https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71316 | vdb-entry |
Impacted products
Date Public
2025-12-26 00:00
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CVE-2025-59547 (GCVE-0-2025-59547)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-23 17:56 – Updated: 2025-09-23 18:36
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
DNN's CKEditor File Uploader functionality vulnerable through Unicode obfuscation
Summary
DNN (formerly DotNetNuke) is an open-source web content management platform (CMS) in the Microsoft ecosystem. Prior to version 10.1.0, the CKEditor file upload endpoint has insufficient sanitization for filenames allowing probing network endpoints. A specially crafted request can be made to upload a file with Unicode characters, which would be translated into a path that could expose resources in the internal network of the hosted site. This issue has been patched in version 10.1.0.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-176 - Improper Handling of Unicode Encoding
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/dnnsoftware/Dnn.Platform/secur… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| dnnsoftware | Dnn.Platform |
Affected:
< 10.1.0
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CVE-2024-47611 (GCVE-0-2024-47611)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-10-02 14:16 – Updated: 2024-11-21 16:55
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
XZ Utils on Microsoft Windows platform are vulnerable to argument injection
Summary
XZ Utils provide a general-purpose data-compression library plus command-line tools. When built for native Windows (MinGW-w64 or MSVC), the command line tools from XZ Utils 5.6.2 and older have a command line argument injection vulnerability. If a command line contains Unicode characters (for example, filenames) that don't exist in the current legacy code page, the characters are converted to similar-looking characters with best-fit mapping. Some best-fit mappings result in ASCII characters that change the meaning of the command line, which can be exploited with malicious filenames to do argument injection or directory traversal attacks. This vulnerability is fixed in 5.6.3. Command line tools built for Cygwin or MSYS2 are unaffected. liblzma is unaffected.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/tukaani-project/xz/security/ad… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/tukaani-project/xz/commit/bf51… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| tukaani-project | xz |
Affected:
< 5.6.3
|
|
| tukaani | xz |
Affected:
0 , < 5.6.3
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:tukaani:xz:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2024-24691 (GCVE-0-2024-24691)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-02-14 00:01 – Updated: 2025-05-12 15:07
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Zoom Desktop Client for Windows, Zoom VDI Client for Windows, and Zoom Meeting SDK for Windows - Improper Input Validation
Summary
Improper input validation in Zoom Desktop Client for Windows, Zoom VDI Client for Windows, and Zoom Meeting SDK for Windows may allow an unauthenticated user to conduct an escalation of privilege via network access.
Severity
9.6 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-176 - Improper Handling of Unicode Encoding
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zoom Video Communications, Inc. | Zoom Desktop Client for Windows, Zoom VDI Client for Windows, and Zoom Meeting SDK for Windows |
Affected:
see references
|
Date Public
2024-02-13 13:00
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CVE-2024-8067 (GCVE-0-2024-8067)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-09-24 15:53 – Updated: 2024-11-21 16:57
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Unicode "best fit" argument injection
Summary
In versions of Helix Core prior to 2024.1 Patch 2 (2024.1/2655224) a Windows ANSI API Unicode "best fit" argument injection was identified.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-176 - Improper Handling of Unicode Encoding
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Helix | Helix Core |
Affected:
2024.1 , ≤ 2024.1 Patch 2 (2024.1/2655224)
(semver)
|
|
| perforce | helix_core |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2024.1patch2-2021.1/2655224
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Mitigation MIT-44
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Input Validation
Avoid making decisions based on names of resources (e.g. files) if those resources can have alternate names.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation MIT-20
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked.
CAPEC-71: Using Unicode Encoding to Bypass Validation Logic
An attacker may provide a Unicode string to a system component that is not Unicode aware and use that to circumvent the filter or cause the classifying mechanism to fail to properly understanding the request. That may allow the attacker to slip malicious data past the content filter and/or possibly cause the application to route the request incorrectly.