CWE-1336

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-54954"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1336"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-02-10T18:15:29Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "OneBlog v2.3.6 was discovered to contain a template injection vulnerability via the template management department.",
  "id": "GHSA-85qc-pp3m-xm3f",
  "modified": "2025-02-26T21:30:32Z",
  "published": "2025-02-10T18:30:47Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-54954"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gist.github.com/kaoniniang2/03658cc78e789b992b378f4951bedfb7"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gitee.com/yadong.zhang/DBlog/issues/IB6552"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-47542"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1336",
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-04-09T15:15:28Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A improper neutralization of special elements used in a template engine [CWE-1336] in FortiManager versions 7.4.1 and below, versions 7.2.4 and below, and 7.0.10 and below allows attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via specially crafted templates.",
  "id": "GHSA-8g7p-mx5x-8frc",
  "modified": "2024-04-09T15:30:37Z",
  "published": "2024-04-09T15:30:37Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-47542"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://fortiguard.com/psirt/FG-IR-23-419"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-69516"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1336"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-01-29T20:16:09Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) vulnerability in the /reporting/templates/preview/ endpoint of Amidaware Tactical RMM, affecting versions equal to or earlier than v1.3.1, allows low-privileged users with Report Viewer or Report Manager permissions to achieve remote command execution on the server. This occurs due to improper sanitization of the template_md parameter, enabling direct injection of Jinja2 templates. This occurs due to misuse of the generate_html() function, the user-controlled value is inserted into `env.from_string`, a function that processes Jinja2 templates arbitrarily, making an SSTI possible.",
  "id": "GHSA-8g9w-79w6-cw84",
  "modified": "2026-01-30T00:31:22Z",
  "published": "2026-01-29T21:30:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-69516"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gist.github.com/NtGabrielGomes/7c424367cc316fd7527f668ff076fece"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/amidaware/tacticalrmm"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.amidaware.com"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-24724"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1336"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-04-03T03:15:09Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Gibbon through 26.0.00 allows /modules/School%20Admin/messengerSettings.php Server Side Template Injection leading to Remote Code Execution because input is passed to the Twig template engine (messengerSettings.php) without sanitization.",
  "id": "GHSA-8qpg-h99j-c4j3",
  "modified": "2024-08-16T18:30:56Z",
  "published": "2024-04-03T03:30:30Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-24724"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gibbonedu.org/download"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://packetstormsecurity.com/files/177857"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-53194"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1336",
      "CWE-82"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-08-20T08:15:39Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine vulnerability in Crocoblock JetEngine allows Code Injection. This issue affects JetEngine: from n/a through 3.7.0.",
  "id": "GHSA-8r2x-8f22-8fw5",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:35:54Z",
  "published": "2025-08-20T09:30:40Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-53194"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/jet-engine/vulnerability/wordpress-jetengine-3-7-0-remote-code-execution-rce-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-12107"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1336"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-02-19T10:16:09Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Due to the use of a vulnerable third-party Velocity template engine, a malicious actor with admin privilege may inject and execute arbitrary template syntax within server-side templates. \n\n Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow a malicious actor with admin privilege to inject and execute arbitrary template code on the server, potentially leading to remote code execution, data manipulation, or unauthorized access to sensitive information.",
  "id": "GHSA-8v9w-wqxw-hp8g",
  "modified": "2026-02-19T18:31:54Z",
  "published": "2026-02-19T18:31:54Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-12107"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.docs.wso2.com/en/latest/security-announcements/security-advisories/2026/WSO2-2025-4517"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "craftcms/webhooks"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "3.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.2.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-32261"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1336"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-16T18:11:23Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-03-16T19:16:17Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The Webhooks plugin renders user-supplied template content through Twig\u2019s `renderString()` function without sandbox protection. This allows an authenticated user with access to the Craft control panel and permissions to access the Webhooks plugin to inject Twig template code that calls arbitrary PHP functions.\n\nThis is possible even if `allowAdminChanges` is set to `false`.\n\nAffected users should update to version 3.2.0 to mitigate the issue.",
  "id": "GHSA-8wg7-wm29-2rvg",
  "modified": "2026-03-16T21:57:13Z",
  "published": "2026-03-16T18:11:23Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/craftcms/webhooks/security/advisories/GHSA-8wg7-wm29-2rvg"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-32261"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/craftcms/webhooks/commit/88344991a68b07145567c46dfd0ae3328c521f62"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/craftcms/webhooks"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "RCE via SSTI for users with permissions to access the Craft CMS Webhooks plugin"
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "net.mingsoft:ms-mcms"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.2.9"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-22930"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1336"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-07-11T00:21:57Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-01-21T00:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "A remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability in the Template Management function of MCMS allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted payload.",
  "id": "GHSA-8wq7-hhjj-fpqv",
  "modified": "2023-07-11T00:21:57Z",
  "published": "2022-01-22T00:00:50Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-22930"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ming-soft/MCMS/issues/98"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20220201022121/https://gitee.com/mingSoft/MCMS/issues/I4Q4M6"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "RCE in Mingsoft MCMS"
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c 0.3.83"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "langchain-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.3.84"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "langchain-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.0.0a1"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.2.28"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-40087"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1336",
      "CWE-20"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-08T21:51:32Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-09T20:16:27Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "LangChain\u0027s f-string prompt-template validation was incomplete in two respects.\n\nFirst, some prompt template classes accepted f-string templates and formatted them without enforcing the same attribute-access validation as `PromptTemplate`. In particular, `DictPromptTemplate` and `ImagePromptTemplate` could accept templates containing attribute access or indexing expressions and subsequently evaluate those expressions during formatting.\n\nExamples of the affected shape include:\n\n```python\n\"{message.additional_kwargs[secret]}\"\n\"https://example.com/{image.__class__.__name__}.png\"\n```\n\nSecond, f-string validation based on parsed top-level field names did not reject nested replacement fields inside format specifiers. For example:\n\n```python\n\"{name:{name.__class__.__name__}}\"\n```\n\nIn this pattern, the nested replacement field appears in the format specifier rather than in the top-level field name. As a result, earlier validation based on parsed field names did not reject the template even though Python formatting would still attempt to resolve the nested expression at runtime.\n\n## Affected usage\n\nThis issue is only relevant for applications that accept untrusted template strings, rather than only untrusted template variable values.\n\nIn addition, practical impact depends on what objects are passed into template formatting:\n\n- If applications only format simple values such as strings and numbers, impact is limited and may only result in formatting errors.\n- If applications format richer Python objects, attribute access and indexing may interact with internal object state during formatting.\n\nIn many deployments, these conditions are not commonly present together. Applications that allow end users to author arbitrary templates often expose only a narrow set of simple template variables, while applications that work with richer internal Python objects often keep template structure under developer control. As a result, the highest-impact scenario is plausible but is not representative of all LangChain applications.\n\nApplications that use hardcoded templates or that only allow users to provide variable values are not affected by this issue.\n\n## Impact\n\nThe direct issue in `DictPromptTemplate` and `ImagePromptTemplate` allowed attribute access and indexing expressions to survive template construction and then be evaluated during formatting. When richer Python objects were passed into formatting, this could expose internal fields or nested data to prompt output, model context, or logs.\n\nThe nested format-spec issue is narrower in scope. It bypassed the intended validation rules for f-string templates, but in simple cases it results in an invalid format specifier error rather than direct disclosure. Accordingly, its practical impact is lower than that of direct top-level attribute traversal.\n\nOverall, the practical severity depends on deployment. Meaningful confidentiality impact requires attacker control over the template structure itself, and higher impact further depends on the surrounding application passing richer internal Python objects into formatting.\n\n## Fix\n\nThe fix consists of two changes.\n\nFirst, LangChain now applies f-string safety validation consistently to `DictPromptTemplate` and `ImagePromptTemplate`, so templates containing attribute access or indexing expressions are rejected during construction and deserialization.\n\nSecond, LangChain now rejects nested replacement fields inside f-string format specifiers.\n\nConcretely, LangChain validates parsed f-string fields and raises an error for:\n\n- variable names containing attribute access or indexing syntax such as `.` or `[]`\n- format specifiers containing `{` or `}`\n\nThis blocks templates such as:\n\n```python\n\"{message.additional_kwargs[secret]}\"\n\"https://example.com/{image.__class__.__name__}.png\"\n\"{name:{name.__class__.__name__}}\"\n```\n\nThe fix preserves ordinary f-string formatting features such as standard format specifiers and conversions, including examples like:\n\n```python\n\"{value:.2f}\"\n\"{value:\u003e10}\"\n\"{value!r}\"\n```\n\nIn addition, the explicit template-validation path now applies the same structural f-string checks before performing placeholder validation, ensuring that the security checks and validation checks remain aligned.",
  "id": "GHSA-926x-3r5x-gfhw",
  "modified": "2026-04-10T14:41:45Z",
  "published": "2026-04-08T21:51:32Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/security/advisories/GHSA-926x-3r5x-gfhw"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-40087"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/pull/36612"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/pull/36613"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/commit/6bab0ba3c12328008ddca3e0d54ff5a6151cd27b"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/commit/af2ed47c6f008cdd551f3c0d87db3774c8dfe258"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/releases/tag/langchain-core%3D%3D0.3.84"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/releases/tag/langchain-core%3D%3D1.2.28"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "LangChain has incomplete f-string validation in prompt templates"
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "fof/pretty-mail"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "1.1.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-58303"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1336"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-12-12T16:39:19Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-11T22:15:51Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "FoF Pretty Mail 1.1.2 contains a server-side template injection vulnerability that allows administrative users to inject malicious code into email templates. Attackers can execute system commands by inserting crafted template expressions that trigger arbitrary code execution during email generation.",
  "id": "GHSA-947q-2xw3-gx9c",
  "modified": "2025-12-12T16:39:20Z",
  "published": "2025-12-12T00:30:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-58303"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://flarum.org"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/FriendsOfFlarum/pretty-mail"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/51948"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/fof-pretty-mail-server-side-template-injection-via-email-template-settings"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "FoF Pretty Mail has a server-side template injection vulnerability"
}