Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-1336
AllowedImproper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The product uses a template engine to insert or process externally-influenced input, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements or syntax that can be interpreted as template expressions or other code directives when processed by the engine.
410 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2025-66299 (GCVE-0-2025-66299)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-01 21:15 – Updated: 2025-12-02 14:07
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Security Sandbox Bypass with SSTI (Server Side Template Injection) in the Grav CMS
Summary
Grav is a file-based Web platform. Prior to 1.8.0-beta.27, Grav CMS is vulnerable to a Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) that allows any authenticated user with editor permissions to execute arbitrary code on the remote server, bypassing the existing security sandbox. Since the security sandbox does not fully protect the Twig object, it is possible to interact with it (e.g., call methods, read/write attributes) through maliciously crafted Twig template directives injected into a web page. This allows an authenticated editor to add arbitrary functions to the Twig attribute system.twig.safe_filters, effectively bypassing the Grav CMS sandbox. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.8.0-beta.27.
Severity
8.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-12-02 14:07 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/getgrav/grav/security/advisori… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/getgrav/grav/commit/e37259527d… | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2025-66298 (GCVE-0-2025-66298)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-01 21:10 – Updated: 2025-12-02 14:07
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Grav is vulnerable to Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) via Forms
Summary
Grav is a file-based Web platform. Prior to 1.8.0-beta.27, having a simple form on site can reveal the whole Grav configuration details (including plugin configuration details) by using the correct POST payload to exploit a Server-Side Template (SST) vulnerability. Sensitive information may be contained in the configuration details. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.8.0-beta.27.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-12-02 14:06 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/getgrav/grav/security/advisori… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/getgrav/grav/commit/e37259527d… | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2025-66297 (GCVE-0-2025-66297)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-01 21:05 – Updated: 2025-12-02 14:26
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Grav vulnerable to Privilege Escalation and Authenticated Remote Code Execution via Twig Injection
Summary
Grav is a file-based Web platform. Prior to 1.8.0-beta.27, a user with admin panel access and permissions to create or edit pages in Grav CMS can enable Twig processing in the page frontmatter. By injecting malicious Twig expressions, the user can escalate their privileges to admin or execute arbitrary system commands via the scheduler API. This results in both Privilege Escalation (PE) and Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerabilities. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.8.0-beta.27.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-12-02 14:26 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/getgrav/grav/security/advisori… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/getgrav/grav/commit/e37259527d… | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2025-66294 (GCVE-0-2025-66294)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-01 20:52 – Updated: 2025-12-02 14:05
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Grav is vulnerable to RCE via SSTI through Twig Sandbox Bypass
Summary
Grav is a file-based Web platform. Prior to 1.8.0-beta.27, a Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) vulnerability exists in Grav that allows authenticated attackers with editor permissions to execute arbitrary commands on the server and, under certain conditions, may also be exploited by unauthenticated attackers. This vulnerability stems from weak regex validation in the cleanDangerousTwig method. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.8.0-beta.27.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-12-02 14:05 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/getgrav/grav/security/advisori… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/getgrav/grav/commit/e37259527d… | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2025-65106 (GCVE-0-2025-65106)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-21 21:43 – Updated: 2025-11-21 21:53
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
LangChain Vulnerable to Template Injection via Attribute Access in Prompt Templates
Summary
LangChain is a framework for building agents and LLM-powered applications. From versions 0.3.79 and prior and 1.0.0 to 1.0.6, a template injection vulnerability exists in LangChain's prompt template system that allows attackers to access Python object internals through template syntax. This vulnerability affects applications that accept untrusted template strings (not just template variables) in ChatPromptTemplate and related prompt template classes. This issue has been patched in versions 0.3.80 and 1.0.7.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-11-21 21:53 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/securit… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/commit/… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/commit/… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| langchain-ai | langchain |
Affected:
>= 1.0.0, < 1.0.7
Affected: < 0.3.80 |
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CVE-2025-62416 (GCVE-0-2025-62416)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-16 18:32 – Updated: 2025-10-17 14:32
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
bagisto - Server Side Template Injection (SSTI) in Product Description
Summary
Bagisto is an open source laravel eCommerce platform. Bagisto v2.3.7 is vulnerable to Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) due to unsanitized user input being processed by the server-side templating engine when rendering product descriptions. This allows an attacker with product creation privileges to inject arbitrary template expressions that are evaluated by the backend — potentially leading to Remote Code Execution (RCE) on the server. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.3.8.
Severity
5.1 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-10-17 14:32 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/bagisto/bagisto/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
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CVE-2025-62369 (GCVE-0-2025-62369)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-04 21:18 – Updated: 2025-11-05 14:29
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Xibo CMS: Remote Code Execution through module templates
Summary
Xibo is an open source digital signage platform with a web content management system (CMS). Versions 4.3.0 and below contain a Remote Code Execution vulnerability in the CMS Developer menu's Module Templating functionality, allowing authenticated users with "System -> Add/Edit custom modules and templates" permissions to manipulate Twig filters and execute arbitrary server-side functions as the web server user. This issue is fixed in version 4.3.1. To workaround this issue, use the 4.1 and 4.2 patch commits.
Severity
7.2 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-11-05 14:29 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/xibosignage/xibo-cms/security/… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/xibosignage/xibo-cms/commit/0f… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/xibosignage/xibo-cms/commit/ec… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/xibosignage/xibo-cms/releases/… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://patch-diff.githubusercontent.com/raw/xibo… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| xibosignage | xibo-cms |
Affected:
< 4.3.1
|
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CVE-2025-59340 (GCVE-0-2025-59340)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-17 20:01 – Updated: 2025-09-18 15:45
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
jinjava Sandbox Bypass via JavaType-Based Deserialization
Summary
jinjava is a Java-based template engine based on django template syntax, adapted to render jinja templates. Priori to 2.8.1, by using mapper.getTypeFactory().constructFromCanonical(), it is possible to instruct the underlying ObjectMapper to deserialize attacker-controlled input into arbitrary classes. This enables the creation of semi-arbitrary class instances without directly invoking restricted methods or class literals. As a result, an attacker can escape the sandbox and instantiate classes such as java.net.URL, opening up the ability to access local files and URLs(e.g., file:///etc/passwd). With further chaining, this primitive can potentially lead to remote code execution (RCE). This vulnerability is fixed in 2.8.1.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-09-18 15:45 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/HubSpot/jinjava/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/HubSpot/jinjava/commit/66df351… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/HubSpot/jinjava/releases/tag/j… | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2025-57811 (GCVE-0-2025-57811)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-25 17:52 – Updated: 2025-08-25 18:05
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Craft Potential Remote Code Execution via Twig SSTI
Summary
Craft is a platform for creating digital experiences. From versions 4.0.0-RC1 to 4.16.5 and 5.0.0-RC1 to 5.8.6, there is a potential remote code execution vulnerability via Twig SSTI (Server-Side Template Injection). This is a follow-up to CVE-2024-52293. This vulnerability has been patched in versions 4.16.6 and 5.8.7.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-08-25 18:05 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/craftcms/cms/security/advisori… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/craftcms/cms/pull/17612 | x_refsource_MISC |
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Impacted products
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CVE-2025-54287 (GCVE-0-2025-54287)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-02 09:16 – Updated: 2025-10-02 13:27
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Arbitrary File Read via Template Injection in Snapshot Patterns
Summary
Template Injection in instance snapshot creation component in Canonical LXD (>= 4.0) allows an attacker with instance configuration
permissions to read arbitrary files on the host system via specially crafted snapshot pattern templates using the Pongo2 template engine.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-10-02 13:27 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
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Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Choose a template engine that offers a sandbox or restricted mode, or at least limits the power of any available expressions, function calls, or commands.
Mitigation
Implementation
Use the template engine's sandbox or restricted mode, if available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.