Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-1333

Allowed

Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product uses a regular expression with a worst-case computational complexity that is inefficient and possibly exponential.

724 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2023-6489 (GCVE-0-2023-6489)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-04-12 00:53 – Updated: 2025-11-20 04:11
VLAI
Title
Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity in GitLab
Summary
A denial of service vulnerability was identified in GitLab CE/EE, versions 16.7.7 prior to 16.8.6, 16.9 prior to 16.9.4 and 16.10 prior to 16.10.2 which allows an attacker to spike the GitLab instance resources usage resulting in service degradation via chat integration feature.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/433520 issue-trackingpermissions-required
https://hackerone.com/reports/2262450 technical-descriptionexploitpermissions-required
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
GitLab GitLab Affected: 16.7.7 , < 16.8.6 (semver)
Affected: 16.9 , < 16.9.4 (semver)
Affected: 16.10 , < 16.10.2 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:gitlab:gitlab:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Thanks `Anonymizer` for reporting this vulnerability through our HackerOne bug bounty program
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-6159 (GCVE-0-2023-6159)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-01-26 02:02 – Updated: 2026-05-06 04:06
VLAI
Title
Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity in GitLab
Summary
An issue has been discovered in GitLab CE/EE affecting all versions from 12.7 prior to 16.6.6, 16.7 prior to 16.7.4, and 16.8 prior to 16.8.1 It was possible for an attacker to trigger a Regular Expression Denial of Service via a `Cargo.toml` containing maliciously crafted input.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://about.gitlab.com/releases/2024/01/25/crit…
https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/431924 issue-trackingpermissions-required
https://hackerone.com/reports/2251278 technical-descriptionexploitpermissions-required
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
GitLab GitLab Affected: 12.7 , < 16.6.6 (semver)
Affected: 16.7 , < 16.7.4 (semver)
Affected: 16.8 , < 16.8.1 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:gitlab:gitlab:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Thanks [yvvdwf](https://hackerone.com/yvvdwf) for reporting this vulnerability through our HackerOne bug bounty program
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-4316 (GCVE-0-2023-4316)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-09-28 20:34 – Updated: 2025-12-03 20:17
VLAI
Title
Zod 3.22.2 - Regular expression Denial of Service
Summary
Zod in versions 3.21.0 up to and including 3.22.3 allows an attacker to perform a denial of service while validating emails.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Zod Zod Affected: 3.21.0 , ≤ 3.22.3 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2023-09-28 20:30
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-3994 (GCVE-0-2023-3994)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-08-02 00:06 – Updated: 2026-04-27 04:06
VLAI
Title
Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity in GitLab
Summary
An issue has been discovered in GitLab CE/EE affecting all versions starting from 9.3 before 16.0.8, all versions starting from 16.1 before 16.1.3, all versions starting from 16.2 before 16.2.2. A Regular Expression Denial of Service was possible via sending crafted payloads which use ProjectReferenceFilter to the preview_markdown endpoint.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/416225 issue-trackingpermissions-required
https://hackerone.com/reports/1963255 technical-descriptionexploitpermissions-required
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
GitLab GitLab Affected: 9.3 , < 16.0.8 (semver)
Affected: 16.1 , < 16.1.3 (semver)
Affected: 16.2 , < 16.2.2 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:gitlab:gitlab:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Thanks [ryhmnlfj](https://hackerone.com/ryhmnlfj) for reporting this vulnerability through our HackerOne bug bounty program
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-3909 (GCVE-0-2023-3909)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-11-06 12:08 – Updated: 2025-11-20 04:08
VLAI
Title
Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity in GitLab
Summary
An issue has been discovered in GitLab CE/EE affecting all versions starting from 12.3 before 16.3.6, all versions starting from 16.4 before 16.4.2, all versions starting from 16.5 before 16.5.1. A Regular Expression Denial of Service was possible by adding a large string in timeout input in gitlab-ci.yml file.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/418763 issue-trackingpermissions-required
https://hackerone.com/reports/2050269 technical-descriptionexploitpermissions-required
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
GitLab GitLab Affected: 12.3 , < 16.3.6 (semver)
Affected: 16.4 , < 16.4.2 (semver)
Affected: 16.5 , < 16.5.1 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:gitlab:gitlab:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Thanks [akadrian](https://hackerone.com/akadrian) for reporting this vulnerability through our HackerOne bug bounty program
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-3424 (GCVE-0-2023-3424)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-07-13 02:08 – Updated: 2024-10-30 19:29
VLAI
Title
Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity in GitLab
Summary
An issue has been discovered in GitLab CE/EE affecting all versions starting from 10.3 before 15.11.10, all versions starting from 16.0 before 16.0.6, all versions starting from 16.1 before 16.1.1. A Regular Expression Denial of Service was possible via sending crafted payloads to the preview_markdown endpoint.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
GitLab GitLab Affected: 10.3 , < 15.11.10 (semver)
Affected: 16.0 , < 16.0.6 (semver)
Affected: 16.1 , < 16.1.1 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Thanks [ryhmnlfj](https://hackerone.com/ryhmnlfj) for reporting this vulnerability through our HackerOne bug bounty program
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-3364 (GCVE-0-2023-3364)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-08-01 23:36 – Updated: 2025-11-20 04:07
VLAI
Title
Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity in GitLab
Summary
An issue has been discovered in GitLab CE/EE affecting all versions starting from 8.14 before 16.0.8, all versions starting from 16.1 before 16.1.3, all versions starting from 16.2 before 16.2.2. A Regular Expression Denial of Service was possible via sending crafted payloads which use AutolinkFilter to the preview_markdown endpoint.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/415995 issue-tracking
https://hackerone.com/reports/1959727 technical-descriptionexploitpermissions-required
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
GitLab GitLab Affected: 8.14 , < 16.0.8 (semver)
Affected: 16.1 , < 16.1.3 (semver)
Affected: 16.2 , < 16.2.2 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:gitlab:gitlab:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Thanks [ryhmnlfj](https://hackerone.com/ryhmnlfj) for reporting this vulnerability through our HackerOne bug bounty program
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-3210 (GCVE-0-2023-3210)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-09-01 10:31 – Updated: 2025-11-20 04:07
VLAI
Title
Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity in GitLab
Summary
An issue has been discovered in GitLab affecting all versions starting from 15.11 before 16.1.5, all versions starting from 16.2 before 16.2.5, all versions starting from 16.3 before 16.3.1. An authenticated user could trigger a denial of service when importing or cloning malicious content.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/415074 issue-tracking
https://hackerone.com/reports/2011474 technical-descriptionexploitpermissions-required
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
GitLab GitLab Affected: 15.11 , < 16.1.5 (semver)
Affected: 16.2 , < 16.2.5 (semver)
Affected: 16.3 , < 16.3.1 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:gitlab:gitlab:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Thanks [joaxcar](https://hackerone.com/joaxcar) for reporting this vulnerability through our HackerOne bug bounty program
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-3205 (GCVE-0-2023-3205)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-09-01 10:01 – Updated: 2025-11-20 04:07
VLAI
Title
Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity in GitLab
Summary
An issue has been discovered in GitLab affecting all versions starting from 15.11 before 16.1.5, all versions starting from 16.2 before 16.2.5, all versions starting from 16.3 before 16.3.1. An authenticated user could trigger a denial of service when importing or cloning malicious content.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/415067 issue-tracking
https://hackerone.com/reports/2011464 technical-descriptionexploitpermissions-required
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
GitLab GitLab Affected: 15.11 , < 16.1.5 (semver)
Affected: 16.2 , < 16.2.5 (semver)
Affected: 16.3 , < 16.3.1 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:gitlab:gitlab:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Thanks [joaxcar](https://hackerone.com/joaxcar) for reporting this vulnerability through our HackerOne bug bounty program
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-0632 (GCVE-0-2023-0632)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-08-01 23:36 – Updated: 2025-11-20 04:06
VLAI
Title
Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity in GitLab
Summary
An issue has been discovered in GitLab affecting all versions starting from 15.2 before 16.0.8, all versions starting from 16.1 before 16.1.3, all versions starting from 16.2 before 16.2.2. A Regular Expression Denial of Service was possible by using crafted payloads to search Harbor Registry.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/390148 issue-tracking
https://hackerone.com/reports/1852677 technical-descriptionexploitpermissions-required
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
GitLab GitLab Affected: 15.2 , < 16.0.8 (semver)
Affected: 16.1.0 , < 16.1.3 (semver)
Affected: 16.2.0 , < 16.2.2 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:gitlab:gitlab:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Thanks [joaxcar](https://hackerone.com/joaxcar) for reporting this vulnerability through our HackerOne bug bounty program
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use regular expressions that do not support backtracking, e.g. by removing nested quantifiers.

Mitigation
System Configuration

Set backtracking limits in the configuration of the regular expression implementation, such as PHP's pcre.backtrack_limit. Also consider limits on execution time for the process.

Mitigation
Implementation

Do not use regular expressions with untrusted input. If regular expressions must be used, avoid using backtracking in the expression.

Mitigation
Implementation

Limit the length of the input that the regular expression will process.

CAPEC-492: Regular Expression Exponential Blowup

An adversary may execute an attack on a program that uses a poor Regular Expression(Regex) implementation by choosing input that results in an extreme situation for the Regex. A typical extreme situation operates at exponential time compared to the input size. This is due to most implementations using a Nondeterministic Finite Automaton(NFA) state machine to be built by the Regex algorithm since NFA allows backtracking and thus more complex regular expressions.

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