Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-119
DiscouragedImproper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
Abstraction: Class · Status: Stable
The product performs operations on a memory buffer, but it reads from or writes to a memory location outside the buffer's intended boundary. This may result in read or write operations on unexpected memory locations that could be linked to other variables, data structures, or internal program data.
17510 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2022-24063 (GCVE-0-2022-24063)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-02-18 19:52 – Updated: 2024-08-03 03:59
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Sante DICOM Viewer Pro 13.2.0.21165. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of JP2 files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a memory corruption condition. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-15105.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CWE
- CWE-119 - Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sante | DICOM Viewer Pro |
Affected:
13.2.0.21165
|
Credits
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CVE-2022-23523 (GCVE-0-2022-23523)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-12-13 07:41 – Updated: 2025-04-18 18:28
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
rust-vmm linux-loader vulnerable to Out-of-bounds Read
Summary
In versions prior to 0.8.1, the linux-loader crate uses the offsets and sizes provided in the ELF headers to determine the offsets to read from. If those offsets point beyond the end of the file this could lead to Virtual Machine Monitors using the `linux-loader` crate entering an infinite loop if the ELF header of the kernel they are loading was modified in a malicious manner. This issue has been addressed in 0.8.1. The issue can be mitigated by ensuring that only trusted kernel images are loaded or by verifying that the headers do not point beyond the end of the file.
Severity
4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/rust-vmm/linux-loader/security… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/rust-vmm/linux-loader/pull/125 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| rust-vmm | linux-loader |
Affected:
< 0.8.1
|
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CVE-2022-22558 (GCVE-0-2022-22558)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-04-21 20:50 – Updated: 2024-09-17 01:56
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
Dell PowerEdge Server BIOS and Dell Precision Workstation 7910 and 7920 Rack BIOS contain an Improper SMM communication buffer verification vulnerability. A Local High Privileged attacker could potentially exploit this vulnerability leading to arbitrary writes or denial of service.
Severity
5.7 (Medium)
CWE
- CWE-119 - Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.dell.com/support/kbdoc/000197971 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dell | PowerEdge Platform |
Affected:
unspecified , < BIOS update for PowerEdge 13G Intel 1S/2S and 14G AMD
(custom)
|
Date Public
2022-08-04 00:00
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CVE-2022-20947 (GCVE-0-2022-20947)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-11-10 17:29 – Updated: 2024-08-03 02:31
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
A vulnerability in dynamic access policies (DAP) functionality of Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software and Firepower Threat Defense (FTD) Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause an affected device to reload, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition.
This vulnerability is due to improper processing of HostScan data received from the Posture (HostScan) module. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted HostScan data to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause the affected device to reload, resulting in a DoS condition.
https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-asa-ftd-dap-dos-GhYZBxDU ["https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-asa-ftd-dap-dos-GhYZBxDU"]
This advisory is part of the November 2022 release of the Cisco ASA, FTD, and FMC Security Advisory Bundled publication.
Severity
8.6 (High)
CWE
- CWE-119 - Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cisco | Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software |
Affected:
9.12.1.3
Affected: 9.17.1 |
|
| Cisco | Cisco Firepower Threat Defense Software |
Affected:
6.2.3
Affected: 6.2.3.1 Affected: 6.2.3.2 Affected: 6.2.3.3 Affected: 6.2.3.4 Affected: 6.2.3.5 Affected: 6.2.3.6 Affected: 6.2.3.7 Affected: 6.2.3.8 Affected: 6.2.3.10 Affected: 6.2.3.11 Affected: 6.2.3.9 Affected: 6.2.3.12 Affected: 6.2.3.13 Affected: 6.2.3.14 Affected: 6.2.3.15 Affected: 6.2.3.16 Affected: 6.2.3.17 Affected: 6.2.3.18 Affected: 6.6.0 Affected: 6.6.0.1 Affected: 6.6.1 Affected: 6.6.3 Affected: 6.6.4 Affected: 6.6.5 Affected: 6.6.5.1 Affected: 6.4.0 Affected: 6.4.0.1 Affected: 6.4.0.3 Affected: 6.4.0.2 Affected: 6.4.0.4 Affected: 6.4.0.5 Affected: 6.4.0.6 Affected: 6.4.0.7 Affected: 6.4.0.8 Affected: 6.4.0.9 Affected: 6.4.0.10 Affected: 6.4.0.11 Affected: 6.4.0.12 Affected: 6.4.0.13 Affected: 6.4.0.14 Affected: 6.7.0 Affected: 6.7.0.1 Affected: 6.7.0.2 Affected: 6.7.0.3 Affected: 7.0.0 Affected: 7.0.0.1 Affected: 7.0.1 Affected: 7.0.1.1 Affected: 7.1.0 Affected: 7.1.0.1 Affected: 7.1.0.2 |
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CVE-2022-4900 (GCVE-0-2022-4900)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-11-02 15:01 – Updated: 2025-11-03 21:46
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Potential buffer overflow in php_cli_server_startup_workers
Summary
A vulnerability was found in PHP where setting the environment variable PHP_CLI_SERVER_WORKERS to a large value leads to a heap buffer overflow.
Severity
6.2 (Medium)
CWE
- CWE-119 - Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2022-4900 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2179880 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-2023113… | |
| https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024… |
Impacted products
7 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n/a | php |
Unaffected:
8.0.22
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Software Collections |
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_software_collections:3 |
|
| Fedora | Fedora |
Date Public
2022-07-13 00:00
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CVE-2022-4639 (GCVE-0-2022-4639)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-12-21 00:00 – Updated: 2025-04-14 17:27
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
sslh Packet Dumping probe.c hexdump format string
Summary
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in sslh. This issue affects the function hexdump of the file probe.c of the component Packet Dumping Handler. The manipulation of the argument msg_info leads to format string. The attack may be initiated remotely. The name of the patch is b19f8a6046b080e4c2e28354a58556bb26040c6f. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. The identifier VDB-216497 was assigned to this vulnerability.
Severity
5.6 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-119 - Memory Corruption -> CWE-134 Format String
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| unspecified | sslh |
Affected:
n/a
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CVE-2022-4603 (GCVE-0-2022-4603)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-12-18 00:00 – Updated: 2024-08-03 01:41 Disputed
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
ppp pppdump pppdump.c dumpppp array index
Summary
A vulnerability classified as problematic has been found in ppp. Affected is the function dumpppp of the file pppdump/pppdump.c of the component pppdump. The manipulation of the argument spkt.buf/rpkt.buf leads to improper validation of array index. The real existence of this vulnerability is still doubted at the moment. The name of the patch is a75fb7b198eed50d769c80c36629f38346882cbf. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. VDB-216198 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: pppdump is not used in normal process of setting up a PPP connection, is not installed setuid-root, and is not invoked automatically in any scenario.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CWE
- CWE-119 - Memory Corruption -> CWE-129 Improper Validation of Array Index
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| unspecified | ppp |
Affected:
n/a
|
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CVE-2022-4291 (GCVE-0-2022-4291)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-12-07 23:45 – Updated: 2025-04-14 17:57
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Aswjsflt.dll in Avast Antivirus windows caused a crash of the Mozilla Firefox browser due to heap corruption
Summary
The aswjsflt.dll library from Avast Antivirus windows contained a potentially exploitable heap corruption vulnerability that could enable an attacker to bypass the sandbox of the application it was loaded into, if applicable. This issue was fixed in version 18.0.1478 of the Script Shield Component.
Severity
7.7 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-119 - Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| NortonLifelock | Avast Antivirus |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 18.0.1473.0
(custom)
|
Date Public
2022-12-07 23:25
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CVE-2022-4046 (GCVE-0-2022-4046)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-08-03 12:39 – Updated: 2026-05-29 14:06
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
CODESYS: Improper memory restrictions fro CODESYS Control
Summary
In CODESYS Control in multiple versions a improper restriction of operations within the bounds of a memory buffer allow an remote attacker with user privileges to gain full access of the device.
Severity
8.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-119 - Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
14 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| CODESYS | CODESYS Control for BeagleBone SL |
Affected:
all
|
|
| CODESYS | CODESYS Control for emPC-A/iMX6 SL |
Affected:
all
|
|
| CODESYS | CODESYS Control for IOT2000 SL |
Affected:
all
|
|
| CODESYS | CODESYS Control for Linux SL |
Affected:
all
|
|
| CODESYS | CODESYS Control for PFC100 SL |
Affected:
all
|
|
| CODESYS | CODESYS Control for PFC200 SL |
Affected:
all
|
|
| CODESYS | CODESYS Control for PLCnext SL |
Affected:
all
|
|
| CODESYS | CODESYS Control for Raspberry Pi SL |
Affected:
all
|
|
| CODESYS | CODESYS Control for WAGO Touch Panels 600 SL |
Affected:
all
|
|
| CODESYS | CODESYS Control RTE (for Beckhoff CX) SL |
Affected:
all
|
|
| CODESYS | CODESYS Control RTE (SL) |
Affected:
all
|
|
| CODESYS | CODESYS Control Runtime System Toolkit |
Affected:
all
|
|
| CODESYS | CODESYS Control Win (SL) |
Affected:
all
|
|
| CODESYS | CODESYS HMI (SL) |
Affected:
all
|
Date Public
2023-08-03 10:30
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CVE-2022-3974 (GCVE-0-2022-3974)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-11-13 00:00 – Updated: 2025-04-15 13:14
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Axiomatic Bento4 mp4info Ap4StdCFileByteStream.cpp ReadPartial heap-based overflow
Summary
A vulnerability classified as critical was found in Axiomatic Bento4. Affected by this vulnerability is the function AP4_StdcFileByteStream::ReadPartial of the file Ap4StdCFileByteStream.cpp of the component mp4info. The manipulation leads to heap-based buffer overflow. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-213553 was assigned to this vulnerability.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-119 - Memory Corruption -> CWE-122 Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
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Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
CAPEC-10: Buffer Overflow via Environment Variables
This attack pattern involves causing a buffer overflow through manipulation of environment variables. Once the adversary finds that they can modify an environment variable, they may try to overflow associated buffers. This attack leverages implicit trust often placed in environment variables.
CAPEC-100: Overflow Buffers
Buffer Overflow attacks target improper or missing bounds checking on buffer operations, typically triggered by input injected by an adversary. As a consequence, an adversary is able to write past the boundaries of allocated buffer regions in memory, causing a program crash or potentially redirection of execution as per the adversaries' choice.
CAPEC-123: Buffer Manipulation
An adversary manipulates an application's interaction with a buffer in an attempt to read or modify data they shouldn't have access to. Buffer attacks are distinguished in that it is the buffer space itself that is the target of the attack rather than any code responsible for interpreting the content of the buffer. In virtually all buffer attacks the content that is placed in the buffer is immaterial. Instead, most buffer attacks involve retrieving or providing more input than can be stored in the allocated buffer, resulting in the reading or overwriting of other unintended program memory.
CAPEC-14: Client-side Injection-induced Buffer Overflow
This type of attack exploits a buffer overflow vulnerability in targeted client software through injection of malicious content from a custom-built hostile service. This hostile service is created to deliver the correct content to the client software. For example, if the client-side application is a browser, the service will host a webpage that the browser loads.
CAPEC-24: Filter Failure through Buffer Overflow
In this attack, the idea is to cause an active filter to fail by causing an oversized transaction. An attacker may try to feed overly long input strings to the program in an attempt to overwhelm the filter (by causing a buffer overflow) and hoping that the filter does not fail securely (i.e. the user input is let into the system unfiltered).
CAPEC-42: MIME Conversion
An attacker exploits a weakness in the MIME conversion routine to cause a buffer overflow and gain control over the mail server machine. The MIME system is designed to allow various different information formats to be interpreted and sent via e-mail. Attack points exist when data are converted to MIME compatible format and back.
CAPEC-44: Overflow Binary Resource File
An attack of this type exploits a buffer overflow vulnerability in the handling of binary resources. Binary resources may include music files like MP3, image files like JPEG files, and any other binary file. These attacks may pass unnoticed to the client machine through normal usage of files, such as a browser loading a seemingly innocent JPEG file. This can allow the adversary access to the execution stack and execute arbitrary code in the target process.
CAPEC-45: Buffer Overflow via Symbolic Links
This type of attack leverages the use of symbolic links to cause buffer overflows. An adversary can try to create or manipulate a symbolic link file such that its contents result in out of bounds data. When the target software processes the symbolic link file, it could potentially overflow internal buffers with insufficient bounds checking.
CAPEC-46: Overflow Variables and Tags
This type of attack leverages the use of tags or variables from a formatted configuration data to cause buffer overflow. The adversary crafts a malicious HTML page or configuration file that includes oversized strings, thus causing an overflow.
CAPEC-47: Buffer Overflow via Parameter Expansion
In this attack, the target software is given input that the adversary knows will be modified and expanded in size during processing. This attack relies on the target software failing to anticipate that the expanded data may exceed some internal limit, thereby creating a buffer overflow.
CAPEC-8: Buffer Overflow in an API Call
This attack targets libraries or shared code modules which are vulnerable to buffer overflow attacks. An adversary who has knowledge of known vulnerable libraries or shared code can easily target software that makes use of these libraries. All clients that make use of the code library thus become vulnerable by association. This has a very broad effect on security across a system, usually affecting more than one software process.
CAPEC-9: Buffer Overflow in Local Command-Line Utilities
This attack targets command-line utilities available in a number of shells. An adversary can leverage a vulnerability found in a command-line utility to escalate privilege to root.