Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-119
DiscouragedImproper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
Abstraction: Class · Status: Stable
The product performs operations on a memory buffer, but it reads from or writes to a memory location outside the buffer's intended boundary. This may result in read or write operations on unexpected memory locations that could be linked to other variables, data structures, or internal program data.
17521 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2023-4233 (GCVE-0-2023-4233)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-04-17 22:50 – Updated: 2025-11-04 18:16
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Ofono: sms decoder stack-based buffer overflow remote code execution vulnerability within the sms_decode_address_field() function
Summary
A flaw was found in ofono, an Open Source Telephony on Linux. A stack overflow bug is triggered within the sms_decode_address_field() function during the SMS PDU decoding. It is assumed that the attack scenario is accessible from a compromised modem, a malicious base station, or just SMS.
Severity
8.1 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-119 - Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2255396 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/pac… | |
| https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/pac… |
Impacted products
Date Public
2023-12-20 00:00
Credits
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CVE-2023-4232 (GCVE-0-2023-4232)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-04-17 22:49 – Updated: 2025-11-04 18:16
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Ofono: sms decoder stack-based buffer overflow remote code execution vulnerability within the decode_status_report() function
Summary
A flaw was found in ofono, an Open Source Telephony on Linux. A stack overflow bug is triggered within the decode_status_report() function during the SMS decoding. It is assumed that the attack scenario is accessible from a compromised modem, a malicious base station, or just SMS. There is a bound check for this memcpy length in decode_submit(), but it was forgotten in decode_status_report().
Severity
8.1 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-119 - Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2255394 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/pac… |
Date Public
2023-12-20 00:00
Credits
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CVE-2023-3953 (GCVE-0-2023-3953)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-08-09 14:02 – Updated: 2024-10-09 18:10
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
A CWE-119: Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory
Buffer vulnerability exists that could cause memory corruption when an authenticated user
opens a tampered log file from GP-Pro EX.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-119 - Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Schneider Electric | GP-Pro EX WinGP for iPC |
Affected:
v4.09.450 and prior
|
|
| Schneider Electric | GP-Pro EX WinGP for PC/AT |
Affected:
v4.09.450 and prior
|
Date Public
2023-08-08 13:56
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CVE-2023-3889 (GCVE-0-2023-3889)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-11-07 15:28 – Updated: 2025-12-16 18:13
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Mali GPU Kernel Driver exposes sensitive data from freed memory
Summary
A local non-privileged user can make improper GPU memory processing operations. If the operations are carefully prepared, then they could be used to gain access to already freed memory.
Severity
7.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Arm Ltd | Valhall GPU Kernel Driver |
Affected:
r38p0 , ≤ r44p0
(patch)
|
Date Public
2023-11-07 11:00
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CVE-2023-3824 (GCVE-0-2023-3824)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-08-11 05:48 – Updated: 2025-02-13 17:01
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Buffer overflow and overread in phar_dir_read()
Summary
In PHP version 8.0.* before 8.0.30, 8.1.* before 8.1.22, and 8.2.* before 8.2.8, when loading phar file, while reading PHAR directory entries, insufficient length checking may lead to a stack buffer overflow, leading potentially to memory corruption or RCE.
Severity
9.4 (Critical)
CWE
- CWE-119 - Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Credits
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CVE-2023-3576 (GCVE-0-2023-3576)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-10-04 18:02 – Updated: 2026-06-23 17:19
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Libtiff: memory leak in tiffcrop.c
Summary
A memory leak flaw was found in Libtiff's tiffcrop utility. This issue occurs when tiffcrop operates on a TIFF image file, allowing an attacker to pass a crafted TIFF image file to tiffcrop utility, which causes this memory leak issue, resulting an application crash, eventually leading to a denial of service.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-119 - Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
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| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2219340 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024… | x_transferred |
Impacted products
5 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
Unaffected:
0:4.4.0-10.el9 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9::crb cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9 |
Date Public
2023-03-07 00:00
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CVE-2023-3471 (GCVE-0-2023-3471)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-09-06 04:04 – Updated: 2024-09-26 20:23
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
Buffer overflow vulnerability in Panasonic KW Watcher versions 1.00 through 2.82 may allow attackers to execute arbitrary code.
Severity
8.6 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-119 - Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Panasonic | KW Watcher |
Affected:
1.00 , ≤ 2.82
(custom)
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CVE-2023-3261 (GCVE-0-2023-3261)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-08-14 03:53 – Updated: 2024-10-09 14:46
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
The Dataprobe iBoot PDU running firmware version 1.43.03312023 or earlier contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in the librta.so.0.0.0 library.Successful exploitation could cause denial of service or unexpected behavior with respect to all interactions relying on the targeted vulnerable binary, including the ability to log in via the web server.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-119 - Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
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CVE-2023-3138 (GCVE-0-2023-3138)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-06-28 00:00 – Updated: 2024-08-02 06:48
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
A vulnerability was found in libX11. The security flaw occurs because the functions in src/InitExt.c in libX11 do not check that the values provided for the Request, Event, or Error IDs are within the bounds of the arrays that those functions write to, using those IDs as array indexes. They trust that they were called with values provided by an Xserver adhering to the bounds specified in the X11 protocol, as all X servers provided by X.Org do. As the protocol only specifies a single byte for these values, an out-of-bounds value provided by a malicious server (or a malicious proxy-in-the-middle) can only overwrite other portions of the Display structure and not write outside the bounds of the Display structure itself, possibly causing the client to crash with this memory corruption.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
Assigner
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CVE-2023-3036 (GCVE-0-2023-3036)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-06-14 11:08 – Updated: 2025-01-02 19:22
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Out of Bounds Slice index in cfnts leads to remote panic
Summary
An unchecked read in NTP server in github.com/cloudflare/cfnts prior to commit 783490b https://github.com/cloudflare/cfnts/commit/783490b913f05e508a492cd7b02e3c4ec2297b71 enabled a remote attacker to trigger a panic by sending an NTSAuthenticator packet with extension length longer than the packet contents.
Severity
8.6 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cloudflare | cfnts |
Affected:
0 , < < 783490b
(git)
|
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Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
CAPEC-10: Buffer Overflow via Environment Variables
This attack pattern involves causing a buffer overflow through manipulation of environment variables. Once the adversary finds that they can modify an environment variable, they may try to overflow associated buffers. This attack leverages implicit trust often placed in environment variables.
CAPEC-100: Overflow Buffers
Buffer Overflow attacks target improper or missing bounds checking on buffer operations, typically triggered by input injected by an adversary. As a consequence, an adversary is able to write past the boundaries of allocated buffer regions in memory, causing a program crash or potentially redirection of execution as per the adversaries' choice.
CAPEC-123: Buffer Manipulation
An adversary manipulates an application's interaction with a buffer in an attempt to read or modify data they shouldn't have access to. Buffer attacks are distinguished in that it is the buffer space itself that is the target of the attack rather than any code responsible for interpreting the content of the buffer. In virtually all buffer attacks the content that is placed in the buffer is immaterial. Instead, most buffer attacks involve retrieving or providing more input than can be stored in the allocated buffer, resulting in the reading or overwriting of other unintended program memory.
CAPEC-14: Client-side Injection-induced Buffer Overflow
This type of attack exploits a buffer overflow vulnerability in targeted client software through injection of malicious content from a custom-built hostile service. This hostile service is created to deliver the correct content to the client software. For example, if the client-side application is a browser, the service will host a webpage that the browser loads.
CAPEC-24: Filter Failure through Buffer Overflow
In this attack, the idea is to cause an active filter to fail by causing an oversized transaction. An attacker may try to feed overly long input strings to the program in an attempt to overwhelm the filter (by causing a buffer overflow) and hoping that the filter does not fail securely (i.e. the user input is let into the system unfiltered).
CAPEC-42: MIME Conversion
An attacker exploits a weakness in the MIME conversion routine to cause a buffer overflow and gain control over the mail server machine. The MIME system is designed to allow various different information formats to be interpreted and sent via e-mail. Attack points exist when data are converted to MIME compatible format and back.
CAPEC-44: Overflow Binary Resource File
An attack of this type exploits a buffer overflow vulnerability in the handling of binary resources. Binary resources may include music files like MP3, image files like JPEG files, and any other binary file. These attacks may pass unnoticed to the client machine through normal usage of files, such as a browser loading a seemingly innocent JPEG file. This can allow the adversary access to the execution stack and execute arbitrary code in the target process.
CAPEC-45: Buffer Overflow via Symbolic Links
This type of attack leverages the use of symbolic links to cause buffer overflows. An adversary can try to create or manipulate a symbolic link file such that its contents result in out of bounds data. When the target software processes the symbolic link file, it could potentially overflow internal buffers with insufficient bounds checking.
CAPEC-46: Overflow Variables and Tags
This type of attack leverages the use of tags or variables from a formatted configuration data to cause buffer overflow. The adversary crafts a malicious HTML page or configuration file that includes oversized strings, thus causing an overflow.
CAPEC-47: Buffer Overflow via Parameter Expansion
In this attack, the target software is given input that the adversary knows will be modified and expanded in size during processing. This attack relies on the target software failing to anticipate that the expanded data may exceed some internal limit, thereby creating a buffer overflow.
CAPEC-8: Buffer Overflow in an API Call
This attack targets libraries or shared code modules which are vulnerable to buffer overflow attacks. An adversary who has knowledge of known vulnerable libraries or shared code can easily target software that makes use of these libraries. All clients that make use of the code library thus become vulnerable by association. This has a very broad effect on security across a system, usually affecting more than one software process.
CAPEC-9: Buffer Overflow in Local Command-Line Utilities
This attack targets command-line utilities available in a number of shells. An adversary can leverage a vulnerability found in a command-line utility to escalate privilege to root.