CWE-1021
AllowedImproper Restriction of Rendered UI Layers or Frames
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The web application does not restrict or incorrectly restricts frame objects or UI layers that belong to another application or domain.
452 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-8F9V-JW34-V9R4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-25 00:01 – Updated: 2022-03-04 00:00IBM WebSphere Application Server 9.0 and IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 17.0.0.3 through 22.0.0.2 could allow a remote attacker to hijack the clicking action of the victim. By persuading a victim to visit a malicious Web site, a remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability to hijack the victim's click actions and possibly launch further attacks against the victim. IBM X-Force ID: 213968.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-39038"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-02-24T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "IBM WebSphere Application Server 9.0 and IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 17.0.0.3 through 22.0.0.2 could allow a remote attacker to hijack the clicking action of the victim. By persuading a victim to visit a malicious Web site, a remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability to hijack the victim\u0027s click actions and possibly launch further attacks against the victim. IBM X-Force ID: 213968.",
"id": "GHSA-8f9v-jw34-v9r4",
"modified": "2022-03-04T00:00:30Z",
"published": "2022-02-25T00:01:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-39038"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/213968"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/6559044"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-8FR8-VVGP-V7F5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:25 – Updated: 2022-07-09 00:00The web server in the Teradici Managament console versions 20.04 and 20.01.1 did not properly set the X-Frame-Options HTTP header, which could allow an attacker to trick a user into clicking a malicious link via clickjacking.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-13174"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-08-11T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The web server in the Teradici Managament console versions 20.04 and 20.01.1 did not properly set the X-Frame-Options HTTP header, which could allow an attacker to trick a user into clicking a malicious link via clickjacking.",
"id": "GHSA-8fr8-vvgp-v7f5",
"modified": "2022-07-09T00:00:24Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:25:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-13174"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://advisory.teradici.com/security-advisories/58"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8GF6-JMPJ-R5H7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-16 00:01 – Updated: 2021-12-18 00:01In onCreate of KeyChainActivity.java, there is a possible way to use an app certificate stored in keychain due to a tapjacking/overlay attack. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-10 Android-11 Android-12 Android-9Android ID: A-199754277
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-0963"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-12-15T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In onCreate of KeyChainActivity.java, there is a possible way to use an app certificate stored in keychain due to a tapjacking/overlay attack. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-10 Android-11 Android-12 Android-9Android ID: A-199754277",
"id": "GHSA-8gf6-jmpj-r5h7",
"modified": "2021-12-18T00:01:35Z",
"published": "2021-12-16T00:01:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-0963"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2021-12-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-8HGF-MR3F-26CC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:08 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:08In onCreate of DevicePickerFragment.java, there is a possible way to trick the user to select an unwanted bluetooth device due to a tapjacking/overlay attack. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-11 Android-8.1 Android-9 Android-10Android ID: A-182584940
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-0586"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-07-14T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In onCreate of DevicePickerFragment.java, there is a possible way to trick the user to select an unwanted bluetooth device due to a tapjacking/overlay attack. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-11 Android-8.1 Android-9 Android-10Android ID: A-182584940",
"id": "GHSA-8hgf-mr3f-26cc",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:08:00Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:08:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-0586"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2021-07-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-8J4M-2QXX-4MQG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-26 13:30 – Updated: 2026-05-26 13:30A security flaw has been discovered in Besen BS20 EV Charging Station up to 20260426. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the component Firmware Version Check. The manipulation results in improper restriction of rendered ui layers. The attack can be executed remotely. A high complexity level is associated with this attack. The exploitation appears to be difficult. The original disclosure mentions, that "[t]hese vulnerabilities have been reported to Besen and we have received their acknowlegement that they are reviewing this as of April 2026."
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-9396"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-24T21:16:32Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "A security flaw has been discovered in Besen BS20 EV Charging Station up to 20260426. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the component Firmware Version Check. The manipulation results in improper restriction of rendered ui layers. The attack can be executed remotely. A high complexity level is associated with this attack. The exploitation appears to be difficult. The original disclosure mentions, that \"[t]hese vulnerabilities have been reported to Besen and we have received their acknowlegement that they are reviewing this as of April 2026.\"",
"id": "GHSA-8j4m-2qxx-4mqg",
"modified": "2026-05-26T13:30:35Z",
"published": "2026-05-26T13:30:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-9396"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/carfeii/besen#finding-3-firmware-version-check-manipulation-and-ui-spoofing"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/813575"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/365377"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/365377/cti"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-8M2X-H2R6-695Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-02-02 09:30 – Updated: 2023-02-10 00:30Improper Restriction of Rendered UI Layers or Frames vulnerability in Mitsubishi Electric Corporation GOT2000 Series GT27 model versions 01.14.000 to 01.47.000, Mitsubishi Electric Corporation GOT2000 Series GT25 model versions 01.14.000 to 01.47.000 and Mitsubishi Electric Corporation GT SoftGOT2000 versions 1.265B to 1.285X allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to lead legitimate users to perform unintended operations through clickjacking.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-40268"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-02-02T08:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Improper Restriction of Rendered UI Layers or Frames vulnerability in Mitsubishi Electric Corporation GOT2000 Series GT27 model versions 01.14.000 to 01.47.000, Mitsubishi Electric Corporation GOT2000 Series GT25 model versions 01.14.000 to 01.47.000 and Mitsubishi Electric Corporation GT SoftGOT2000 versions 1.265B to 1.285X allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to lead legitimate users to perform unintended operations through clickjacking.",
"id": "GHSA-8m2x-h2r6-695q",
"modified": "2023-02-10T00:30:20Z",
"published": "2023-02-02T09:30:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-40268"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jvn.jp/vu/JVNVU91222434/index.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mitsubishielectric.com/en/psirt/vulnerability/pdf/2022-021_en.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8PVQ-GM8G-P647
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-12 12:31 – Updated: 2024-12-12 12:31Cross-process screen stack vulnerability in the UIExtension module Impact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect service confidentiality.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-54110"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021",
"CWE-269"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-12-12T12:15:26Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Cross-process screen stack vulnerability in the UIExtension module\nImpact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect service confidentiality.",
"id": "GHSA-8pvq-gm8g-p647",
"modified": "2024-12-12T12:31:16Z",
"published": "2024-12-12T12:31:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-54110"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://consumer.huawei.com/en/support/bulletin/2024/12"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8Q5J-74VG-J4HR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-20 15:31 – Updated: 2024-12-10 15:32A malicious website could have used a combination of exiting fullscreen mode and requestPointerLock to cause the user's mouse to be re-positioned unexpectedly, which could have led to user confusion and inadvertently granting permissions they did not intend to grant. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 123 and Firefox ESR < 115.8.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-1550"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-02-20T14:15:08Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A malicious website could have used a combination of exiting fullscreen mode and `requestPointerLock` to cause the user\u0027s mouse to be re-positioned unexpectedly, which could have led to user confusion and inadvertently granting permissions they did not intend to grant. This vulnerability affects Firefox \u003c 123 and Firefox ESR \u003c 115.8.",
"id": "GHSA-8q5j-74vg-j4hr",
"modified": "2024-12-10T15:32:29Z",
"published": "2024-02-20T15:31:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-1550"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1860065"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/03/msg00000.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/03/msg00001.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2024-05"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2024-06"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2024-07"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8V98-3H75-PJR6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-09 21:30 – Updated: 2024-07-11 15:30In hide of WindowState.java, there is a possible way to bypass tapjacking/overlay protection by launching the activity in portrait mode first and then rotating it to landscape mode. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with User execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-31324"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-07-09T21:15:13Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In hide of WindowState.java, there is a possible way to bypass tapjacking/overlay protection by launching the activity in portrait mode first and then rotating it to landscape mode. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with User execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.",
"id": "GHSA-8v98-3h75-pjr6",
"modified": "2024-07-11T15:30:46Z",
"published": "2024-07-09T21:30:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-31324"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/f16cc1135b414906164eb8fc55a76971b0e36c21"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2024-06-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8XMF-G2GR-JR5W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-14 00:00 – Updated: 2021-12-16 00:02IBM Spectrum Copy Data Management 2.2.13 and earlier could allow a remote attacker to hijack the clicking action of the victim. By persuading a victim to visit a malicious Web site, a remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability to hijack the victim's click actions and possibly launch further attacks against the victim. IBM X-Force ID: 214525.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-39054"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-12-13T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "IBM Spectrum Copy Data Management 2.2.13 and earlier could allow a remote attacker to hijack the clicking action of the victim. By persuading a victim to visit a malicious Web site, a remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability to hijack the victim\u0027s click actions and possibly launch further attacks against the victim. IBM X-Force ID: 214525.",
"id": "GHSA-8xmf-g2gr-jr5w",
"modified": "2021-12-16T00:02:41Z",
"published": "2021-12-14T00:00:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-39054"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/214525"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/6525554"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
Mitigation
- The use of X-Frame-Options allows developers of web content to restrict the usage of their application within the form of overlays, frames, or iFrames. The developer can indicate from which domains can frame the content.
- The concept of X-Frame-Options is well documented, but implementation of this protection mechanism is in development to cover gaps. There is a need for allowing frames from multiple domains.
Mitigation
- A developer can use a "frame-breaker" script in each page that should not be framed. This is very helpful for legacy browsers that do not support X-Frame-Options security feature previously mentioned.
- It is also important to note that this tactic has been circumvented or bypassed. Improper usage of frames can persist in the web application through nested frames. The "frame-breaking" script does not intuitively account for multiple nested frames that can be presented to the user.
Mitigation
This defense-in-depth technique can be used to prevent the improper usage of frames in web applications. It prioritizes the valid sources of data to be loaded into the application through the usage of declarative policies. Based on which implementation of Content Security Policy is in use, the developer should use the "frame-ancestors" directive or the "frame-src" directive to mitigate this weakness. Both directives allow for the placement of restrictions when it comes to allowing embedded content.
Mitigation
In addition to frames or iframes as previously mentioned, the web application is expected to place restrictions on whether it is allowed to be rendered within objects, embed, or applet elements.
CAPEC-103: Clickjacking
An adversary tricks a victim into unknowingly initiating some action in one system while interacting with the UI from a seemingly completely different, usually an adversary controlled or intended, system.
CAPEC-181: Flash File Overlay
An attacker creates a transparent overlay using flash in order to intercept user actions for the purpose of performing a clickjacking attack. In this technique, the Flash file provides a transparent overlay over HTML content. Because the Flash application is on top of the content, user actions, such as clicks, are caught by the Flash application rather than the underlying HTML. The action is then interpreted by the overlay to perform the actions the attacker wishes.
CAPEC-222: iFrame Overlay
In an iFrame overlay attack the victim is tricked into unknowingly initiating some action in one system while interacting with the UI from seemingly completely different system.
CAPEC-504: Task Impersonation
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, impersonates an expected or routine task in an attempt to steal sensitive information or leverage a user's privileges.
CAPEC-506: Tapjacking
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, displays an interface that misleads the user and convinces them to tap on an attacker desired location on the screen. This is often accomplished by overlaying one screen on top of another while giving the appearance of a single interface. There are two main techniques used to accomplish this. The first is to leverage transparent properties that allow taps on the screen to pass through the visible application to an application running in the background. The second is to strategically place a small object (e.g., a button or text field) on top of the visible screen and make it appear to be a part of the underlying application. In both cases, the user is convinced to tap on the screen but does not realize the application that they are interacting with.
CAPEC-587: Cross Frame Scripting (XFS)
This attack pattern combines malicious Javascript and a legitimate webpage loaded into a concealed iframe. The malicious Javascript is then able to interact with a legitimate webpage in a manner that is unknown to the user. This attack usually leverages some element of social engineering in that an attacker must convinces a user to visit a web page that the attacker controls.
CAPEC-654: Credential Prompt Impersonation
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, impersonates a credential prompt in an attempt to steal a user's credentials.