Vulnerability-Lookup

UBUNTU-CVE-2026-84384 (CVE-2026-84384)

Vulnerability from osv_ubuntu – Published: 2026-09-18 16:17 – Updated: 2026-09-24 21:44 – Source website

Details

libheif is a HEIF and AVIF file format decoder and encoder. From 1.19.0 until 1.23.2, crafted HEIF or AVIF mime metadata and unci image data can cause decompress_brotli() and do_inflate() to grow accumulated output without an effective size limit or MemoryHandle accounting. The brotli path has no output bound, while the zlib path checks only a small temporary buffer in a branch that valid streams do not reach, and overlapping icef units can decompress the same payload repeatedly. HeifContext::interpret_heif_file_images() processes multiple compressed metadata items during file opening, allowing a small file to consume unbounded memory and terminate the process. This issue is fixed in version 1.23.2.

Severity

7.5 (High)


                    
                      CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

N/A (UNKNOWN)


                    
                      medium

References

URL

Type

	https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-84384	REPORT
	https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-84384	REPORT
	https://github.com/strukturag/libheif/security/ad…	REPORT
	https://github.com/strukturag/libheif/commit/2189…	REPORT
	https://github.com/strukturag/libheif/releases/ta…	REPORT

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "ecosystem_specific": {
        "binaries": [
          {
            "binary_name": "heif-gdk-pixbuf",
            "binary_version": "1.17.6-1ubuntu4.8"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "heif-thumbnailer",
            "binary_version": "1.17.6-1ubuntu4.8"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libheif-examples",
            "binary_version": "1.17.6-1ubuntu4.8"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libheif-plugin-aomdec",
            "binary_version": "1.17.6-1ubuntu4.8"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libheif-plugin-aomenc",
            "binary_version": "1.17.6-1ubuntu4.8"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libheif-plugin-dav1d",
            "binary_version": "1.17.6-1ubuntu4.8"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libheif-plugin-ffmpegdec",
            "binary_version": "1.17.6-1ubuntu4.8"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libheif-plugin-j2kdec",
            "binary_version": "1.17.6-1ubuntu4.8"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libheif-plugin-j2kenc",
            "binary_version": "1.17.6-1ubuntu4.8"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libheif-plugin-jpegdec",
            "binary_version": "1.17.6-1ubuntu4.8"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libheif-plugin-jpegenc",
            "binary_version": "1.17.6-1ubuntu4.8"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libheif-plugin-libde265",
            "binary_version": "1.17.6-1ubuntu4.8"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libheif-plugin-rav1e",
            "binary_version": "1.17.6-1ubuntu4.8"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libheif-plugin-svtenc",
            "binary_version": "1.17.6-1ubuntu4.8"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libheif-plugin-x265",
            "binary_version": "1.17.6-1ubuntu4.8"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libheif1",
            "binary_version": "1.17.6-1ubuntu4.8"
          }
        ]
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Ubuntu:24.04:LTS",
        "name": "libheif",
        "purl": "pkg:deb/ubuntu/libheif@1.17.6-1ubuntu4.8?arch=source\u0026distro=noble"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "1.16.2-2ubuntu1",
        "1.17.1-1ubuntu2",
        "1.17.1-1ubuntu3",
        "1.17.4-1ubuntu1",
        "1.17.6-1ubuntu1",
        "1.17.6-1ubuntu2",
        "1.17.6-1ubuntu3",
        "1.17.6-1ubuntu4",
        "1.17.6-1ubuntu4.1",
        "1.17.6-1ubuntu4.2",
        "1.17.6-1ubuntu4.3",
        "1.17.6-1ubuntu4.4",
        "1.17.6-1ubuntu4.5",
        "1.17.6-1ubuntu4.6",
        "1.17.6-1ubuntu4.7",
        "1.17.6-1ubuntu4.8"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ecosystem_specific": {
        "binaries": [
          {
            "binary_name": "heif-gdk-pixbuf",
            "binary_version": "1.21.2-3ubuntu0.5"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "heif-thumbnailer",
            "binary_version": "1.21.2-3ubuntu0.5"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "heif-view",
            "binary_version": "1.21.2-3ubuntu0.5"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libheif-examples",
            "binary_version": "1.21.2-3ubuntu0.5"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libheif-plugin-aomdec",
            "binary_version": "1.21.2-3ubuntu0.5"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libheif-plugin-aomenc",
            "binary_version": "1.21.2-3ubuntu0.5"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libheif-plugin-dav1d",
            "binary_version": "1.21.2-3ubuntu0.5"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libheif-plugin-ffmpegdec",
            "binary_version": "1.21.2-3ubuntu0.5"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libheif-plugin-j2kdec",
            "binary_version": "1.21.2-3ubuntu0.5"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libheif-plugin-j2kenc",
            "binary_version": "1.21.2-3ubuntu0.5"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libheif-plugin-jpegdec",
            "binary_version": "1.21.2-3ubuntu0.5"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libheif-plugin-jpegenc",
            "binary_version": "1.21.2-3ubuntu0.5"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libheif-plugin-kvazaar",
            "binary_version": "1.21.2-3ubuntu0.5"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libheif-plugin-libde265",
            "binary_version": "1.21.2-3ubuntu0.5"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libheif-plugin-rav1e",
            "binary_version": "1.21.2-3ubuntu0.5"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libheif-plugin-svtenc",
            "binary_version": "1.21.2-3ubuntu0.5"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libheif-plugin-x265",
            "binary_version": "1.21.2-3ubuntu0.5"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libheif-plugins-all",
            "binary_version": "1.21.2-3ubuntu0.5"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libheif1",
            "binary_version": "1.21.2-3ubuntu0.5"
          }
        ]
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Ubuntu:26.04:LTS",
        "name": "libheif",
        "purl": "pkg:deb/ubuntu/libheif@1.21.2-3ubuntu0.5?arch=source\u0026distro=resolute"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "1.20.2-1",
        "1.20.2-2",
        "1.20.2-2build1",
        "1.20.2-2build2",
        "1.20.2-2ubuntu1",
        "1.21.2-1",
        "1.21.2-3",
        "1.21.2-3ubuntu0.1",
        "1.21.2-3ubuntu0.2",
        "1.21.2-3ubuntu0.3",
        "1.21.2-3ubuntu0.4",
        "1.21.2-3ubuntu0.5"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "details": "libheif is a HEIF and AVIF file format decoder and encoder. From 1.19.0 until 1.23.2, crafted HEIF or AVIF mime metadata and unci image data can cause decompress_brotli() and do_inflate() to grow accumulated output without an effective size limit or MemoryHandle accounting. The brotli path has no output bound, while the zlib path checks only a small temporary buffer in a branch that valid streams do not reach, and overlapping icef units can decompress the same payload repeatedly. HeifContext::interpret_heif_file_images() processes multiple compressed metadata items during file opening, allowing a small file to consume unbounded memory and terminate the process. This issue is fixed in version 1.23.2.",
  "id": "UBUNTU-CVE-2026-84384",
  "modified": "2026-09-24T21:44:15Z",
  "published": "2026-09-18T16:17:00Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-84384"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-84384"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://github.com/strukturag/libheif/security/advisories/GHSA-24wx-9w62-c96w"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://github.com/strukturag/libheif/commit/21893e8f66c8b79363ca2809391b07d35e1a95ec"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://github.com/strukturag/libheif/releases/tag/v1.23.2"
    }
  ],
  "related": [],
  "schema_version": "1.7.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "medium",
      "type": "Ubuntu"
    }
  ],
  "upstream": [
    "CVE-2026-84384"
  ]
}

CVE-2026-84384 (GCVE-0-2026-84384)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-18 15:58 – Updated: 2026-09-18 17:30

Title

libheif: brotli/zlib decompression paths lack output-size limits, allowing decompression-bomb OOM/DoS

Summary

Severity

7.5 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-09-18 17:30 UTC

CWE

CWE-409 - Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/strukturag/libheif/security/ad…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/strukturag/libheif/commit/2189…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/strukturag/libheif/releases/ta…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
strukturag	libheif	Affected: >= 1.19.0, < 1.23.2

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-84384",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "poc"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-09-18T17:30:24.859004Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-09-18T17:30:52.628Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "tags": [
              "exploit"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/strukturag/libheif/security/advisories/GHSA-24wx-9w62-c96w"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "libheif",
          "vendor": "strukturag",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 1.19.0, \u003c 1.23.2"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "libheif is a HEIF and AVIF file format decoder and encoder. From 1.19.0 until 1.23.2, crafted HEIF or AVIF mime metadata and unci image data can cause decompress_brotli() and do_inflate() to grow accumulated output without an effective size limit or MemoryHandle accounting. The brotli path has no output bound, while the zlib path checks only a small temporary buffer in a branch that valid streams do not reach, and overlapping icef units can decompress the same payload repeatedly. HeifContext::interpret_heif_file_images() processes multiple compressed metadata items during file opening, allowing a small file to consume unbounded memory and terminate the process. This issue is fixed in version 1.23.2."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 7.5,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "integrityImpact": "NONE",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-409",
              "description": "CWE-409: Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-09-18T15:58:21.860Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/strukturag/libheif/security/advisories/GHSA-24wx-9w62-c96w",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/strukturag/libheif/security/advisories/GHSA-24wx-9w62-c96w"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/strukturag/libheif/commit/21893e8f66c8b79363ca2809391b07d35e1a95ec",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/strukturag/libheif/commit/21893e8f66c8b79363ca2809391b07d35e1a95ec"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/strukturag/libheif/releases/tag/v1.23.2",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/strukturag/libheif/releases/tag/v1.23.2"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-24wx-9w62-c96w",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "libheif: brotli/zlib decompression paths lack output-size limits, allowing decompression-bomb OOM/DoS"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-84384",
    "datePublished": "2026-09-18T15:58:21.860Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-09-01T16:27:58.131Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-09-18T17:30:52.628Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
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Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
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UBUNTU-CVE-2026-84384 (CVE-2026-84384)

CVE-2026-84384 (GCVE-0-2026-84384)

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature

Related by attack behaviour