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PYSEC-2026-1428
Vulnerability from pysec - Published: 2026-07-07 11:45 - Updated: 2026-07-07 17:24Lack of error handling in the TCP server in Google's gRPC starting version 1.23 on posix-compatible platforms (ex. Linux) allows an attacker to cause a denial of service by initiating a significant number of connections with the server. Note that gRPC C++ Python, and Ruby are affected, but gRPC Java, and Go are NOT affected.
| Name | purl | grpcio | pkg:pypi/grpcio |
|---|
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "grpcio",
"purl": "pkg:pypi/grpcio"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.55.0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.55.3"
},
{
"introduced": "1.54.0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.54.3"
},
{
"introduced": "1.53.0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.53.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
],
"versions": [
"1.53.0",
"1.53.1",
"1.54.0",
"1.54.2",
"1.55.0"
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-4785",
"GHSA-p25m-jpj4-qcrr"
],
"details": "Lack of error handling in the TCP server in Google\u0027s gRPC starting version 1.23 on posix-compatible platforms (ex. Linux) allows an attacker to cause a denial of service by initiating a significant number of connections with the server. Note that gRPC C++ Python, and Ruby are affected, but gRPC Java, and Go are NOT affected.\u00a0",
"id": "PYSEC-2026-1428",
"modified": "2026-07-07T17:24:16.717243Z",
"published": "2026-07-07T11:45:24.303647Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-4785"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc/pull/33656"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc/pull/33667"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc/pull/33669"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc/pull/33670"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc/pull/33672"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/grpc/CVE-2023-4785.yml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://groups.google.com/g/grpc-io/c/LlLkB1CeE4U"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://rubygems.org/gems/grpc/versions/1.53.2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://rubygems.org/gems/grpc/versions/1.54.3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://rubygems.org/gems/grpc/versions/1.55.3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://rubygems.org/gems/grpc/versions/1.56.2"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://pypi.org/project/grpcio"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-p25m-jpj4-qcrr"
}
],
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Denial of Service Vulnerability in gRPC TCP Server (Posix-compatible platforms)"
}
BREW-DSTACK-CVE-2023-4785 (GHSA-P25M-JPJ4-QCRR)
Vulnerability from osv_homebrew – Published: 2026-08-13 16:43 – Updated: 2026-09-17 18:14 – Source websiteLack of error handling in the TCP server in Google's gRPC starting version 1.23 on posix-compatible platforms (ex. Linux) allows an attacker to cause a denial of service by initiating a significant number of connections with the server. Note that gRPC C++ Python, and Ruby are affected, but gRPC Java, and Go are NOT affected.
{
"affected": [
{
"ecosystem_specific": {
"fix": "bump",
"range_state": "fixed",
"resource": "grpcio",
"resource_purl": "pkg:pypi/grpcio@1.83.1",
"upstream_fixed_in": "1.55.3"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Homebrew",
"name": "dstack",
"purl": "pkg:brew/dstack"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0.2.6"
},
{
"fixed": "0.10.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"database_specific": {
"confidence": "high",
"source": "matched",
"strategy": "registry",
"upstream_evidence": [
{
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"key": "pkg:pypi/grpcio@1.83.1",
"name": "grpcio",
"resource": "grpcio",
"strategy": "registry",
"subject_version": "1.83.1"
}
]
},
"details": "Lack of error handling in the TCP server in Google\u0027s gRPC starting version 1.23 on posix-compatible platforms (ex. Linux) allows an attacker to cause a denial of service by initiating a significant number of connections with the server. Note that gRPC C++ Python, and Ruby are affected, but gRPC Java, and Go are NOT affected.\u00a0",
"id": "BREW-dstack-CVE-2023-4785",
"modified": "2026-09-17T18:14:18Z",
"published": "2026-08-13T16:43:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-4785"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc/pull/33656"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc/pull/33667"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc/pull/33669"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc/pull/33670"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc/pull/33672"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/grpc/CVE-2023-4785.yml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://groups.google.com/g/grpc-io/c/LlLkB1CeE4U"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://rubygems.org/gems/grpc/versions/1.53.2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://rubygems.org/gems/grpc/versions/1.54.3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://rubygems.org/gems/grpc/versions/1.55.3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://rubygems.org/gems/grpc/versions/1.56.2"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.7.3",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Denial of Service Vulnerability in gRPC TCP Server (Posix-compatible platforms)",
"upstream": [
"GHSA-p25m-jpj4-qcrr",
"CVE-2023-4785",
"PYSEC-2026-1428"
]
}
BREW-DVC-CVE-2023-4785 (GHSA-P25M-JPJ4-QCRR)
Vulnerability from osv_homebrew – Published: 2026-08-13 16:44 – Updated: 2026-09-09 23:52 – Source websiteLack of error handling in the TCP server in Google's gRPC starting version 1.23 on posix-compatible platforms (ex. Linux) allows an attacker to cause a denial of service by initiating a significant number of connections with the server. Note that gRPC C++ Python, and Ruby are affected, but gRPC Java, and Go are NOT affected.
| URL | Type | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
{
"affected": [
{
"ecosystem_specific": {
"fix": "bump",
"range_state": "fixed",
"resource": "grpcio",
"resource_purl": "pkg:pypi/grpcio@1.83.1",
"upstream_fixed_in": "1.55.3"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Homebrew",
"name": "dvc",
"purl": "pkg:brew/dvc"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.67.1_14"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"database_specific": {
"confidence": "high",
"source": "matched",
"strategy": "registry",
"upstream_evidence": [
{
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"key": "pkg:pypi/grpcio@1.83.1",
"name": "grpcio",
"resource": "grpcio",
"strategy": "registry",
"subject_version": "1.83.1"
}
]
},
"details": "Lack of error handling in the TCP server in Google\u0027s gRPC starting version 1.23 on posix-compatible platforms (ex. Linux) allows an attacker to cause a denial of service by initiating a significant number of connections with the server. Note that gRPC C++ Python, and Ruby are affected, but gRPC Java, and Go are NOT affected.\u00a0",
"id": "BREW-dvc-CVE-2023-4785",
"modified": "2026-09-09T23:52:57Z",
"published": "2026-08-13T16:44:03Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-4785"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc/pull/33656"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc/pull/33667"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc/pull/33669"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc/pull/33670"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc/pull/33672"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/grpc/CVE-2023-4785.yml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://groups.google.com/g/grpc-io/c/LlLkB1CeE4U"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://rubygems.org/gems/grpc/versions/1.53.2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://rubygems.org/gems/grpc/versions/1.54.3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://rubygems.org/gems/grpc/versions/1.55.3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://rubygems.org/gems/grpc/versions/1.56.2"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.7.3",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Denial of Service Vulnerability in gRPC TCP Server (Posix-compatible platforms)",
"upstream": [
"GHSA-p25m-jpj4-qcrr",
"CVE-2023-4785",
"PYSEC-2026-1428"
]
}
BREW-PARSEDMARC-CVE-2023-4785 (GHSA-P25M-JPJ4-QCRR)
Vulnerability from osv_homebrew – Published: 2026-08-13 17:25 – Updated: 2026-09-10 00:50 – Source websiteLack of error handling in the TCP server in Google's gRPC starting version 1.23 on posix-compatible platforms (ex. Linux) allows an attacker to cause a denial of service by initiating a significant number of connections with the server. Note that gRPC C++ Python, and Ruby are affected, but gRPC Java, and Go are NOT affected.
| URL | Type | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
{
"affected": [
{
"ecosystem_specific": {
"fix": "bump",
"range_state": "fixed",
"resource": "grpcio",
"resource_purl": "pkg:pypi/grpcio@1.83.1",
"upstream_fixed_in": "1.55.3"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Homebrew",
"name": "parsedmarc",
"purl": "pkg:brew/parsedmarc"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "10.4.1_1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"database_specific": {
"confidence": "high",
"source": "matched",
"strategy": "registry",
"upstream_evidence": [
{
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"key": "pkg:pypi/grpcio@1.83.1",
"name": "grpcio",
"resource": "grpcio",
"strategy": "registry",
"subject_version": "1.83.1"
}
]
},
"details": "Lack of error handling in the TCP server in Google\u0027s gRPC starting version 1.23 on posix-compatible platforms (ex. Linux) allows an attacker to cause a denial of service by initiating a significant number of connections with the server. Note that gRPC C++ Python, and Ruby are affected, but gRPC Java, and Go are NOT affected.\u00a0",
"id": "BREW-parsedmarc-CVE-2023-4785",
"modified": "2026-09-10T00:50:44Z",
"published": "2026-08-13T17:25:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-4785"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc/pull/33656"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc/pull/33667"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc/pull/33669"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc/pull/33670"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc/pull/33672"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/grpc/CVE-2023-4785.yml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://groups.google.com/g/grpc-io/c/LlLkB1CeE4U"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://rubygems.org/gems/grpc/versions/1.53.2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://rubygems.org/gems/grpc/versions/1.54.3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://rubygems.org/gems/grpc/versions/1.55.3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://rubygems.org/gems/grpc/versions/1.56.2"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.7.3",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Denial of Service Vulnerability in gRPC TCP Server (Posix-compatible platforms)",
"upstream": [
"GHSA-p25m-jpj4-qcrr",
"CVE-2023-4785",
"PYSEC-2026-1428"
]
}
BREW-SCOUTSUITE-CVE-2023-4785 (GHSA-P25M-JPJ4-QCRR)
Vulnerability from osv_homebrew – Published: 2026-08-13 17:34 – Updated: 2026-09-10 01:11 – Source websiteLack of error handling in the TCP server in Google's gRPC starting version 1.23 on posix-compatible platforms (ex. Linux) allows an attacker to cause a denial of service by initiating a significant number of connections with the server. Note that gRPC C++ Python, and Ruby are affected, but gRPC Java, and Go are NOT affected.
| URL | Type | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
{
"affected": [
{
"ecosystem_specific": {
"fix": "bump",
"range_state": "fixed",
"resource": "grpcio",
"resource_purl": "pkg:pypi/grpcio@1.83.0",
"upstream_fixed_in": "1.55.3"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Homebrew",
"name": "scoutsuite",
"purl": "pkg:brew/scoutsuite"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "5.14.0_16"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"database_specific": {
"confidence": "high",
"source": "matched",
"strategy": "registry",
"upstream_evidence": [
{
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"key": "pkg:pypi/grpcio@1.83.0",
"name": "grpcio",
"resource": "grpcio",
"strategy": "registry",
"subject_version": "1.83.0"
}
]
},
"details": "Lack of error handling in the TCP server in Google\u0027s gRPC starting version 1.23 on posix-compatible platforms (ex. Linux) allows an attacker to cause a denial of service by initiating a significant number of connections with the server. Note that gRPC C++ Python, and Ruby are affected, but gRPC Java, and Go are NOT affected.\u00a0",
"id": "BREW-scoutsuite-CVE-2023-4785",
"modified": "2026-09-10T01:11:31Z",
"published": "2026-08-13T17:34:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-4785"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc/pull/33656"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc/pull/33667"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc/pull/33669"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc/pull/33670"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc/pull/33672"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/grpc/CVE-2023-4785.yml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://groups.google.com/g/grpc-io/c/LlLkB1CeE4U"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://rubygems.org/gems/grpc/versions/1.53.2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://rubygems.org/gems/grpc/versions/1.54.3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://rubygems.org/gems/grpc/versions/1.55.3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://rubygems.org/gems/grpc/versions/1.56.2"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.7.3",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Denial of Service Vulnerability in gRPC TCP Server (Posix-compatible platforms)",
"upstream": [
"GHSA-p25m-jpj4-qcrr",
"CVE-2023-4785",
"PYSEC-2026-1428"
]
}
BREW-WEAVIATE-CLI-CVE-20… (GHSA-P25M-JPJ4-QCRR)
Vulnerability from osv_homebrew – Published: 2026-08-13 17:49 – Updated: 2026-09-10 01:36 – Source websiteLack of error handling in the TCP server in Google's gRPC starting version 1.23 on posix-compatible platforms (ex. Linux) allows an attacker to cause a denial of service by initiating a significant number of connections with the server. Note that gRPC C++ Python, and Ruby are affected, but gRPC Java, and Go are NOT affected.
| URL | Type | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
{
"affected": [
{
"ecosystem_specific": {
"fix": "bump",
"range_state": "fixed",
"resource": "grpcio",
"resource_purl": "pkg:pypi/grpcio@1.78.0",
"upstream_fixed_in": "1.55.3"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Homebrew",
"name": "weaviate-cli",
"purl": "pkg:brew/weaviate-cli"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.4.1_2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"database_specific": {
"confidence": "high",
"source": "matched",
"strategy": "registry",
"upstream_evidence": [
{
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"key": "pkg:pypi/grpcio@1.78.0",
"name": "grpcio",
"resource": "grpcio",
"strategy": "registry",
"subject_version": "1.78.0"
}
]
},
"details": "Lack of error handling in the TCP server in Google\u0027s gRPC starting version 1.23 on posix-compatible platforms (ex. Linux) allows an attacker to cause a denial of service by initiating a significant number of connections with the server. Note that gRPC C++ Python, and Ruby are affected, but gRPC Java, and Go are NOT affected.\u00a0",
"id": "BREW-weaviate-cli-CVE-2023-4785",
"modified": "2026-09-10T01:36:07Z",
"published": "2026-08-13T17:49:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-4785"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc/pull/33656"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc/pull/33667"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc/pull/33669"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc/pull/33670"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc/pull/33672"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/grpc/CVE-2023-4785.yml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://groups.google.com/g/grpc-io/c/LlLkB1CeE4U"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://rubygems.org/gems/grpc/versions/1.53.2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://rubygems.org/gems/grpc/versions/1.54.3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://rubygems.org/gems/grpc/versions/1.55.3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://rubygems.org/gems/grpc/versions/1.56.2"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.7.3",
"severity": [
{
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"upstream": [
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CVE-2023-4785 (GCVE-0-2023-4785)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-09-13 16:31 – Updated: 2026-01-12 15:34| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| gRPC |
Unaffected:
0 , < 1.23
(custom)
Unaffected: 1.57 Affected: 1.56.0 , ≤ 1.56.1 (custom) Affected: 1.55.0 , ≤ 1.55.2 (custom) Affected: 1.54.0 , ≤ 1.54.2 (custom) Affected: 1.53.0 , ≤ 1.53.1 (custom) |
||
| grpc | grpc |
Affected:
0 , < 1.23
(custom)
Affected: 1.57 Affected: 1.56.0 , ≤ 1.56.1 (custom) Affected: 1.55.0 , ≤ 155.2 (custom) Affected: 1.54.0 , ≤ 1.54.2 (custom) Affected: 1.53.0 , ≤ 1.53.1 (custom) cpe:2.3:a:grpc:grpc:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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GHSA-P25M-JPJ4-QCRR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-09-13 18:31 – Updated: 2026-01-12 19:17Lack of error handling in the TCP server in Google's gRPC starting version 1.23 on posix-compatible platforms (ex. Linux) allows an attacker to cause a denial of service by initiating a significant number of connections with the server. Note that gRPC C++ Python, and Ruby are affected, but gRPC Java, and Go are NOT affected.
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Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.