Vulnerability-Lookup

GHSA-464W-3PX7-55CM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-05 09:31 – Updated: 2026-04-08 18:34

Details

The Email Verification, Email OTP, Block Spam Email, Passwordless login, Hide Login, Magic Login – User Verification plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to authentication bypass in all versions up to, and including, 2.0.39. This is due to the plugin not properly validating that an OTP was generated before comparing it to user input in the "user_verification_form_wrap_process_otpLogin" function. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to log in as any user with a verified email address, such as an administrator, by submitting an empty OTP value.

Severity

9.8 (Critical)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

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JSON

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-12374"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-05T07:16:11Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "The Email Verification, Email OTP, Block Spam Email, Passwordless login, Hide Login, Magic Login \u2013 User Verification plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to authentication bypass in all versions up to, and including, 2.0.39. This is due to the plugin not properly validating that an OTP was generated before comparing it to user input in the \"user_verification_form_wrap_process_otpLogin\" function. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to log in as any user with a verified email address, such as an administrator, by submitting an empty OTP value.",
  "id": "GHSA-464w-3px7-55cm",
  "modified": "2026-04-08T18:34:00Z",
  "published": "2025-12-05T09:31:07Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-12374"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/user-verification/trunk/templates/email-otp-login-form/hook.php#L141"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026old=3442150%40user-verification\u0026new=3442150%40user-verification\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail="
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/8ccb1304-326e-43af-b75d-23874f92ba8b?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

CVE-2025-12374 (GCVE-0-2025-12374)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-05 06:07 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:06

Title

Email Verification, Email OTP, Block Spam Email, Passwordless login, Hide Login, Magic Login – User Verification <= 2.0.44 - Authentication Bypass to Account Takeover

Summary

The Email Verification, Email OTP, Block Spam Email, Passwordless login, Hide Login, Magic Login – User Verification plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to authentication bypass in all versions up to, and including, 2.0.44. This is due to the plugin not properly validating that an OTP was generated before comparing it to user input in the "user_verification_form_wrap_process_otpLogin" function. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to log in as any user with a verified email address, such as an administrator, by submitting an empty OTP value.

Severity

9.8 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2025-12-05 13:41 UTC

CWE

CWE-287 - Improper Authentication

Assigner

Wordfence mitre root

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabil…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/user-v…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_…

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
pickplugins	User Verification by PickPlugins	Affected: 0 , ≤ 2.0.44 (semver)

Credits

lucky_buddy

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-12374",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-12-05T13:41:53.467539Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
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        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-12-05T13:42:15.161Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "User Verification by PickPlugins",
          "vendor": "pickplugins",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "2.0.44",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
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      ],
      "credits": [
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          "type": "finder",
          "value": "lucky_buddy"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "The Email Verification, Email OTP, Block Spam Email, Passwordless login, Hide Login, Magic Login \u2013 User Verification plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to authentication bypass in all versions up to, and including, 2.0.44. This is due to the plugin not properly validating that an OTP was generated before comparing it to user input in the \"user_verification_form_wrap_process_otpLogin\" function. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to log in as any user with a verified email address, such as an administrator, by submitting an empty OTP value."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 9.8,
            "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
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              "lang": "en",
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      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-04-08T17:06:06.262Z",
        "orgId": "b15e7b5b-3da4-40ae-a43c-f7aa60e62599",
        "shortName": "Wordfence"
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      "references": [
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        },
        {
          "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/user-verification/trunk/templates/email-otp-login-form/hook.php#L141"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026old=3442150%40user-verification\u0026new=3442150%40user-verification\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail="
        }
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          "time": "2025-10-15T00:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "Discovered"
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    "datePublished": "2025-12-05T06:07:19.086Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-10-27T21:22:35.296Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-04-08T17:06:06.262Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.