Vulnerability-Lookup

FKIE_CVE-2026-92298

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-09-16 02:17 - Updated: 2026-09-16 02:17

Severity

4.8 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N

Summary

EspoCRM through 10.0.8 uses PHP's rand() function to generate tokens for lead-capture opt-in, event invitation, and campaign URLs instead of a cryptographically secure generator. Remote unauthenticated attackers can guess these roughly 31-bit tokens to confirm opt-ins, accept or decline event invitations on behalf of other contacts, and access event details.

References

	URL	Tags
	disclosure@vulncheck.com	https://gist.github.com/kazisabu/9e3109aab24245fde19b88f53f965e93
	disclosure@vulncheck.com	https://github.com/espocrm/espocrm
	disclosure@vulncheck.com	https://github.com/espocrm/espocrm/blob/10.0.8/application/Espo/Core/Utils/Util.php#L585-L590
	disclosure@vulncheck.com	https://github.com/espocrm/espocrm/blob/10.0.8/application/Espo/Repositories/UniqueId.php#L47
	disclosure@vulncheck.com	https://github.com/espocrm/espocrm/commit/8e5555c1ee0ed1e92a9ad54e62f735ac2c4051a1
	disclosure@vulncheck.com	https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/espocrm-through-10.0.8-weak-token-generation-via-rand

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "packageURL": "pkg:composer/espocrm/espocrm",
          "product": "EspoCRM",
          "vendor": "EspoCRM",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "10.0.8",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com"
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "EspoCRM through 10.0.8 uses PHP\u0027s rand() function to generate tokens for lead-capture opt-in, event invitation, and campaign URLs instead of a cryptographically secure generator. Remote unauthenticated attackers can guess these roughly 31-bit tokens to confirm opt-ins, accept or decline event invitations on behalf of other contacts, and access event details."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2026-92298",
  "lastModified": "2026-09-16T02:17:39.170",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "baseScore": 4.8,
          "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
          "confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
          "integrityImpact": "LOW",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 2.2,
        "impactScore": 2.5,
        "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
        "type": "Primary"
      }
    ],
    "cvssMetricV40": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
          "attackRequirements": "NONE",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "baseScore": 6.3,
          "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
          "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
          "version": "4.0",
          "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "LOW",
          "vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
          "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
        },
        "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2026-09-16T02:17:39.170",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
      "url": "https://gist.github.com/kazisabu/9e3109aab24245fde19b88f53f965e93"
    },
    {
      "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/espocrm/espocrm"
    },
    {
      "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/espocrm/espocrm/blob/10.0.8/application/Espo/Core/Utils/Util.php#L585-L590"
    },
    {
      "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/espocrm/espocrm/blob/10.0.8/application/Espo/Repositories/UniqueId.php#L47"
    },
    {
      "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/espocrm/espocrm/commit/8e5555c1ee0ed1e92a9ad54e62f735ac2c4051a1"
    },
    {
      "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/espocrm-through-10.0.8-weak-token-generation-via-rand"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
  "vulnStatus": "Received",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-338"
        }
      ],
      "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
      "type": "Primary"
    }
  ]
}

CVE-2026-92298 (GCVE-0-2026-92298)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-16 01:57 – Updated: 2026-09-16 01:57

Title

EspoCRM through 10.0.8 Weak Token Generation via rand()

Summary

Severity

4.8 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N

6.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CWE

CWE-338 - Use of Cryptographically Weak Pseudo-Random Number Generator (PRNG)

Assigner

VulnCheck mitre root

References

6 references

URL	Tags
https://gist.github.com/kazisabu/9e3109aab24245fd…	technical-description
https://github.com/espocrm/espocrm/commit/8e5555c…	patch
https://github.com/espocrm/espocrm/blob/10.0.8/ap…	technical-description
https://github.com/espocrm/espocrm/blob/10.0.8/ap…	technical-description
https://github.com/espocrm/espocrm	product
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/espocrm-thro…	third-party-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
EspoCRM	EspoCRM	Affected: 0 , ≤ 10.0.8 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:espocrm:espocrm::::::::

Date Public

2026-09-12 00:00

Credits

Kazi Sabbir

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "packageURL": "pkg:composer/espocrm/espocrm",
          "product": "EspoCRM",
          "vendor": "EspoCRM",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "10.0.8",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:espocrm:espocrm:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndIncluding": "10.0.8",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Kazi Sabbir"
        }
      ],
      "datePublic": "2026-09-12T00:00:00.000Z",
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "EspoCRM through 10.0.8 uses PHP\u0027s rand() function to generate tokens for lead-capture opt-in, event invitation, and campaign URLs instead of a cryptographically secure generator. Remote unauthenticated attackers can guess these roughly 31-bit tokens to confirm opt-ins, accept or decline event invitations on behalf of other contacts, and access event details."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 4.8,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
            "integrityImpact": "LOW",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "format": "CVSS"
        },
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "baseScore": 6.3,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "LOW",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW"
          },
          "format": "CVSS"
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-338",
              "description": "Use of Cryptographically Weak Pseudo-Random Number Generator (PRNG)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-09-16T01:57:46.309Z",
        "orgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
        "shortName": "VulnCheck"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "Reporter write-up",
          "tags": [
            "technical-description"
          ],
          "url": "https://gist.github.com/kazisabu/9e3109aab24245fde19b88f53f965e93"
        },
        {
          "name": "Patch Commit (unreleased at time of assignment)",
          "tags": [
            "patch"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/espocrm/espocrm/commit/8e5555c1ee0ed1e92a9ad54e62f735ac2c4051a1"
        },
        {
          "name": "Util::generateMoreEntropyId() at 10.0.8",
          "tags": [
            "technical-description"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/espocrm/espocrm/blob/10.0.8/application/Espo/Core/Utils/Util.php#L585-L590"
        },
        {
          "name": "UniqueId::getNew() applies the weak generator",
          "tags": [
            "technical-description"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/espocrm/espocrm/blob/10.0.8/application/Espo/Repositories/UniqueId.php#L47"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "product"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/espocrm/espocrm"
        },
        {
          "name": "VulnCheck Advisory: EspoCRM through 10.0.8 Weak Token Generation via rand()",
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/espocrm-through-10.0.8-weak-token-generation-via-rand"
        }
      ],
      "title": "EspoCRM through 10.0.8 Weak Token Generation via rand()",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "vulncheck-endgame"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
    "assignerShortName": "VulnCheck",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-92298",
    "datePublished": "2026-09-16T01:57:46.309Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-09-16T01:33:04.403Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-09-16T01:57:46.309Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.