Vulnerability-Lookup

FKIE_CVE-2026-23401

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-04-01 09:16 - Updated: 2026-07-15 02:18

Severity

5.5 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
8.1 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: KVM: x86/mmu: Drop/zap existing present SPTE even when creating an MMIO SPTE When installing an emulated MMIO SPTE, do so *after* dropping/zapping the existing SPTE (if it's shadow-present). While commit a54aa15c6bda3 was right about it being impossible to convert a shadow-present SPTE to an MMIO SPTE due to a _guest_ write, it failed to account for writes to guest memory that are outside the scope of KVM. E.g. if host userspace modifies a shadowed gPTE to switch from a memslot to emulted MMIO and then the guest hits a relevant page fault, KVM will install the MMIO SPTE without first zapping the shadow-present SPTE. ------------[ cut here ]------------ is_shadow_present_pte(*sptep) WARNING: arch/x86/kvm/mmu/mmu.c:484 at mark_mmio_spte+0xb2/0xc0 [kvm], CPU#0: vmx_ept_stale_r/4292 Modules linked in: kvm_intel kvm irqbypass CPU: 0 UID: 1000 PID: 4292 Comm: vmx_ept_stale_r Not tainted 7.0.0-rc2-eafebd2d2ab0-sink-vm #319 PREEMPT Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 0.0.0 02/06/2015 RIP: 0010:mark_mmio_spte+0xb2/0xc0 [kvm] Call Trace: <TASK> mmu_set_spte+0x237/0x440 [kvm] ept_page_fault+0x535/0x7f0 [kvm] kvm_mmu_do_page_fault+0xee/0x1f0 [kvm] kvm_mmu_page_fault+0x8d/0x620 [kvm] vmx_handle_exit+0x18c/0x5a0 [kvm_intel] kvm_arch_vcpu_ioctl_run+0xc55/0x1c20 [kvm] kvm_vcpu_ioctl+0x2d5/0x980 [kvm] __x64_sys_ioctl+0x8a/0xd0 do_syscall_64+0xb5/0x730 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53 RIP: 0033:0x47fa3f </TASK> ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---

References

URL	Tags
416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/20656cd1f243d3a154aac5dd1b823110b6906fe1	Patch
416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/459158151a158a6703b49f3c9de0e536d8bd553f	Patch
416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/695320de6eadb75aaed8be1787c4ce4c189e4c7b	Patch
416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/aad885e774966e97b675dfe928da164214a71605	Patch
416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bce7fe59d43531623f3e43779127bfb33804925d	Patch
416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ed5909992f344a7d3f4024261e9f751d9618a27d	Patch
416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fd28c5618699180cd69619801e9ae6a5266c0a22	Patch
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c	https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:13577
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c	https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:13578
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c	https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:13932
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c	https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:13936
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c	https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:14137
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c	https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:14230
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c	https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:14339
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c	https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:15883
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c	https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19521
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c	https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19568
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c	https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19569
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c	https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19875
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c	https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:20593
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c	https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:36530
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c	https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:36531
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c	https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:36532
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c	https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:36533
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c	https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:36534
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c	https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-23401
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c	https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2453803
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c	https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-23401.json

Impacted products

Vendor	Product	Version
linux	linux_kernel	*
linux	linux_kernel	*
linux	linux_kernel	*
linux	linux_kernel	*
linux	linux_kernel	*
linux	linux_kernel	*
linux	linux_kernel	5.13
linux	linux_kernel	7.0
linux	linux_kernel	7.0
linux	linux_kernel	7.0
linux	linux_kernel	7.0
linux	linux_kernel	7.0
linux	linux_kernel	7.0
linux	linux_kernel	7.0

JSON

To clipboard

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          ],
          "negate": false,
          "operator": "OR"
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      ]
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nKVM: x86/mmu: Drop/zap existing present SPTE even when creating an MMIO SPTE\n\nWhen installing an emulated MMIO SPTE, do so *after* dropping/zapping the\nexisting SPTE (if it\u0027s shadow-present).  While commit a54aa15c6bda3 was\nright about it being impossible to convert a shadow-present SPTE to an\nMMIO SPTE due to a _guest_ write, it failed to account for writes to guest\nmemory that are outside the scope of KVM.\n\nE.g. if host userspace modifies a shadowed gPTE to switch from a memslot\nto emulted MMIO and then the guest hits a relevant page fault, KVM will\ninstall the MMIO SPTE without first zapping the shadow-present SPTE.\n\n  ------------[ cut here ]------------\n  is_shadow_present_pte(*sptep)\n  WARNING: arch/x86/kvm/mmu/mmu.c:484 at mark_mmio_spte+0xb2/0xc0 [kvm], CPU#0: vmx_ept_stale_r/4292\n  Modules linked in: kvm_intel kvm irqbypass\n  CPU: 0 UID: 1000 PID: 4292 Comm: vmx_ept_stale_r Not tainted 7.0.0-rc2-eafebd2d2ab0-sink-vm #319 PREEMPT\n  Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 0.0.0 02/06/2015\n  RIP: 0010:mark_mmio_spte+0xb2/0xc0 [kvm]\n  Call Trace:\n   \u003cTASK\u003e\n   mmu_set_spte+0x237/0x440 [kvm]\n   ept_page_fault+0x535/0x7f0 [kvm]\n   kvm_mmu_do_page_fault+0xee/0x1f0 [kvm]\n   kvm_mmu_page_fault+0x8d/0x620 [kvm]\n   vmx_handle_exit+0x18c/0x5a0 [kvm_intel]\n   kvm_arch_vcpu_ioctl_run+0xc55/0x1c20 [kvm]\n   kvm_vcpu_ioctl+0x2d5/0x980 [kvm]\n   __x64_sys_ioctl+0x8a/0xd0\n   do_syscall_64+0xb5/0x730\n   entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53\n  RIP: 0033:0x47fa3f\n   \u003c/TASK\u003e\n  ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---"
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2026-23401",
  "lastModified": "2026-07-15T02:18:40.130",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "LOCAL",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "baseScore": 5.5,
          "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
          "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "integrityImpact": "NONE",
          "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
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        "impactScore": 3.6,
        "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
        "type": "Primary"
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          "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
          "attackVector": "LOCAL",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "baseScore": 8.1,
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "scope": "CHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 1.4,
        "impactScore": 6.0,
        "source": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2026-04-01T09:16:15.260",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "tags": [
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    },
    {
      "source": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c",
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    },
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  "vulnStatus": "Modified",
  "weaknesses": [
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          "lang": "en",
          "value": "NVD-CWE-noinfo"
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          "value": "CWE-416"
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      "source": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c",
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}

CVE-2026-23401 (GCVE-0-2026-23401)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-01 08:36 – Updated: 2026-07-15 01:18

Title

KVM: x86/mmu: Drop/zap existing present SPTE even when creating an MMIO SPTE

Summary

Severity

8.1 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

CWE

CWE-416 - Use After Free

Assigner

Linux mitre root Scorecard

References

28 references

URL	Tags
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/20656cd1f243d3a15…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ed5909992f344a7d3…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fd28c5618699180cd…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/459158151a158a670…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/695320de6eadb75aa…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bce7fe59d43531623…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/aad885e774966e97b…
https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-23401	vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2453803	issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT
https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/v…	x_sadp-csaf-vex
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:15883	vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19569	vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:13936	vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:20593	vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:13932	vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:14339	vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19568	vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:13577	vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:36530	vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:14230	vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19521	vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:36531	vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:36532	vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:36533	vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:36534	vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:13578	vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:14137	vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19875	vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT

Impacted products

26 products

Vendor	Product	Version
Linux	Linux	Affected: a54aa15c6bda3ca7e2f9e040ba968a1da303e24f , < 20656cd1f243d3a154aac5dd1b823110b6906fe1 (git) Affected: a54aa15c6bda3ca7e2f9e040ba968a1da303e24f , < ed5909992f344a7d3f4024261e9f751d9618a27d (git) Affected: a54aa15c6bda3ca7e2f9e040ba968a1da303e24f , < fd28c5618699180cd69619801e9ae6a5266c0a22 (git) Affected: a54aa15c6bda3ca7e2f9e040ba968a1da303e24f , < 459158151a158a6703b49f3c9de0e536d8bd553f (git) Affected: a54aa15c6bda3ca7e2f9e040ba968a1da303e24f , < 695320de6eadb75aaed8be1787c4ce4c189e4c7b (git) Affected: a54aa15c6bda3ca7e2f9e040ba968a1da303e24f , < bce7fe59d43531623f3e43779127bfb33804925d (git) Affected: a54aa15c6bda3ca7e2f9e040ba968a1da303e24f , < aad885e774966e97b675dfe928da164214a71605 (git)
Linux	Linux	Affected: 5.13 Unaffected: 0 , < 5.13 (semver) Unaffected: 5.15.203 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.1.168 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.131 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.80 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.18.21 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.19.11 , ≤ 6.19.* (semver) Unaffected: 7.0 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
Red Hat	Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10	Unaffected: 0:6.12.0-211.16.1.el10_2 , < * (rpm) cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10.2
Red Hat	Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10.0 Extended Update Support	Unaffected: 0:6.12.0-55.72.1.el10_0 , < * (rpm) cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux_eus:10.0
Red Hat	Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8	Unaffected: 0:4.18.0-553.123.1.rt7.464.el8_10 , < * (rpm) cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:8::nfv
Red Hat	Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8	Unaffected: 0:4.18.0-553.123.1.el8_10 , < * (rpm) cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8
Red Hat	Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8	cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8
Red Hat	Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Advanced Mission Critical Update Support	Unaffected: 0:4.18.0-372.191.1.el8_6 , < * (rpm) cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_aus:8.6
Red Hat	Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Telecommunications Update Service	Unaffected: 0:4.18.0-372.191.1.el8_6 , < * (rpm) cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_tus:8.6
Red Hat	Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Update Services for SAP Solutions	Unaffected: 0:4.18.0-372.191.1.el8_6 , < * (rpm) cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_e4s:8.6
Red Hat	Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Telecommunications Update Service	Unaffected: 0:4.18.0-477.143.1.el8_8 , < * (rpm) cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_tus:8.8
Red Hat	Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Update Services for SAP Solutions	Unaffected: 0:4.18.0-477.143.1.el8_8 , < * (rpm) cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_e4s:8.8
Red Hat	Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Update Services for SAP Solutions	cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_e4s:8.8
Red Hat	Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9	Unaffected: 0:5.14.0-687.10.1.el9_8 , < * (rpm) cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9 cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9
Red Hat	Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.0 Update Services for SAP Solutions	Unaffected: 0:5.14.0-70.178.1.el9_0 , < * (rpm) cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:9.0
Red Hat	Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.0 Update Services for SAP Solutions	Unaffected: 0:5.14.0-70.178.1.rt21.250.el9_0 , < * (rpm) cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:9.0::nfv
Red Hat	Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Update Services for SAP Solutions	Unaffected: 0:5.14.0-284.172.1.el9_2 , < * (rpm) cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:9.2
Red Hat	Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Update Services for SAP Solutions	Unaffected: 0:5.14.0-284.172.1.rt14.457.el9_2 , < * (rpm) cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:9.2::nfv
Red Hat	Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Update Services for SAP Solutions	cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_e4s:9.2
Red Hat	Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.4 Extended Update Support	Unaffected: 0:5.14.0-427.124.1.el9_4 , < * (rpm) cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_eus:9.4
Red Hat	Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.4 Update Services for SAP Solutions	cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_e4s:9.4
Red Hat	Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.6 Extended Update Support	Unaffected: 0:5.14.0-570.112.1.el9_6 , < * (rpm) cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_eus:9.6
Red Hat	Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.6 Extended Update Support	cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_eus:9.6
Red Hat	Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6	cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6
Red Hat	Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7	cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7
Red Hat	Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9	cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9

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              "lessThan": "fd28c5618699180cd69619801e9ae6a5266c0a22",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "a54aa15c6bda3ca7e2f9e040ba968a1da303e24f",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "459158151a158a6703b49f3c9de0e536d8bd553f",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "a54aa15c6bda3ca7e2f9e040ba968a1da303e24f",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "695320de6eadb75aaed8be1787c4ce4c189e4c7b",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "a54aa15c6bda3ca7e2f9e040ba968a1da303e24f",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "bce7fe59d43531623f3e43779127bfb33804925d",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "a54aa15c6bda3ca7e2f9e040ba968a1da303e24f",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "aad885e774966e97b675dfe928da164214a71605",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "a54aa15c6bda3ca7e2f9e040ba968a1da303e24f",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "arch/x86/kvm/mmu/mmu.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5.13"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "5.13",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.15.203",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.1.168",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.6.131",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.80",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.18.21",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.19.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.19.11",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.0",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.203",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.13",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.168",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.13",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.131",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.13",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.80",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.13",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.18.21",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.13",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.19.11",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.13",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "7.0",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.13",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nKVM: x86/mmu: Drop/zap existing present SPTE even when creating an MMIO SPTE\n\nWhen installing an emulated MMIO SPTE, do so *after* dropping/zapping the\nexisting SPTE (if it\u0027s shadow-present).  While commit a54aa15c6bda3 was\nright about it being impossible to convert a shadow-present SPTE to an\nMMIO SPTE due to a _guest_ write, it failed to account for writes to guest\nmemory that are outside the scope of KVM.\n\nE.g. if host userspace modifies a shadowed gPTE to switch from a memslot\nto emulted MMIO and then the guest hits a relevant page fault, KVM will\ninstall the MMIO SPTE without first zapping the shadow-present SPTE.\n\n  ------------[ cut here ]------------\n  is_shadow_present_pte(*sptep)\n  WARNING: arch/x86/kvm/mmu/mmu.c:484 at mark_mmio_spte+0xb2/0xc0 [kvm], CPU#0: vmx_ept_stale_r/4292\n  Modules linked in: kvm_intel kvm irqbypass\n  CPU: 0 UID: 1000 PID: 4292 Comm: vmx_ept_stale_r Not tainted 7.0.0-rc2-eafebd2d2ab0-sink-vm #319 PREEMPT\n  Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 0.0.0 02/06/2015\n  RIP: 0010:mark_mmio_spte+0xb2/0xc0 [kvm]\n  Call Trace:\n   \u003cTASK\u003e\n   mmu_set_spte+0x237/0x440 [kvm]\n   ept_page_fault+0x535/0x7f0 [kvm]\n   kvm_mmu_do_page_fault+0xee/0x1f0 [kvm]\n   kvm_mmu_page_fault+0x8d/0x620 [kvm]\n   vmx_handle_exit+0x18c/0x5a0 [kvm_intel]\n   kvm_arch_vcpu_ioctl_run+0xc55/0x1c20 [kvm]\n   kvm_vcpu_ioctl+0x2d5/0x980 [kvm]\n   __x64_sys_ioctl+0x8a/0xd0\n   do_syscall_64+0xb5/0x730\n   entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53\n  RIP: 0033:0x47fa3f\n   \u003c/TASK\u003e\n  ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---"
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T22:06:11.775Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/20656cd1f243d3a154aac5dd1b823110b6906fe1"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ed5909992f344a7d3f4024261e9f751d9618a27d"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fd28c5618699180cd69619801e9ae6a5266c0a22"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/459158151a158a6703b49f3c9de0e536d8bd553f"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/695320de6eadb75aaed8be1787c4ce4c189e4c7b"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bce7fe59d43531623f3e43779127bfb33804925d"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/aad885e774966e97b675dfe928da164214a71605"
        }
      ],
      "title": "KVM: x86/mmu: Drop/zap existing present SPTE even when creating an MMIO SPTE",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-23401",
    "datePublished": "2026-04-01T08:36:32.367Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-01-13T15:37:46.012Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-07-15T01:18:42.620Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

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Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
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Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
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Action not permitted

FKIE_CVE-2026-23401

CVE-2026-23401 (GCVE-0-2026-23401)

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Sightings

Nomenclature

Related by attack behaviour