Vulnerability-Lookup

FKIE_CVE-2025-37823

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2025-05-08 07:15 - Updated: 2026-07-30 06:22

Severity

7.8 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
7.8 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net_sched: hfsc: Fix a potential UAF in hfsc_dequeue() too Similarly to the previous patch, we need to safe guard hfsc_dequeue() too. But for this one, we don't have a reliable reproducer.

References

URL	Tags
416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/11bccb054c1462fb069219f8e98e97a5a730758e	Patch
416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2f46d14919c39528c6e540ebc43f90055993eedc	Patch
416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/68f256305ceb426d545a0dc31f83c2ab1d211a1e	Patch
416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6ccbda44e2cc3d26fd22af54c650d6d5d801addf	Patch
416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/76c4c22c2437d3d3880efc0f62eca06ef078d290	Patch
416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c6936266f8bf98a53f28ef9a820e6a501e946d09	Patch
416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c6f035044104c6ff656f4565cd22938dc892528c	Patch
416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/da7936518996d290e2fcfcaf6cd7e15bfd87804a	Patch
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108	https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00030.html	Mailing List, Third Party Advisory
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108	https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00045.html	Mailing List, Third Party Advisory

Impacted products

Vendor	Product	Version
linux	linux_kernel	*
linux	linux_kernel	*
linux	linux_kernel	*
linux	linux_kernel	*
linux	linux_kernel	*
linux	linux_kernel	*
linux	linux_kernel	*
linux	linux_kernel	2.6.12
linux	linux_kernel	2.6.12
linux	linux_kernel	2.6.12
linux	linux_kernel	2.6.12
linux	linux_kernel	2.6.12
linux	linux_kernel	6.15
linux	linux_kernel	6.15
linux	linux_kernel	6.15
debian	debian_linux	11.0

JSON

To clipboard

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      "affectedData": [
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          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
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              "version": "0",
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              "status": "unaffected",
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              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
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              "status": "unaffected",
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              "versionType": "semver"
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              "status": "unaffected",
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              "versionType": "semver"
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              "versionType": "semver"
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              "status": "unaffected",
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              "status": "unaffected",
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              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.15",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
    }
  ],
  "configurations": [
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              "vulnerable": true
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          "negate": false,
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        }
      ]
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  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet_sched: hfsc: Fix a potential UAF in hfsc_dequeue() too\n\nSimilarly to the previous patch, we need to safe guard hfsc_dequeue()\ntoo. But for this one, we don\u0027t have a reliable reproducer."
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "En el kernel de Linux, se ha resuelto la siguiente vulnerabilidad: net_sched: hfsc: Se corrige tambi\u00e9n un posible UAF en hfsc_dequeue(). Al igual que en el parche anterior, tambi\u00e9n debemos proteger hfsc_dequeue(). Sin embargo, para este caso, no contamos con un reproductor fiable."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2025-37823",
  "lastModified": "2026-07-30T06:22:22.890",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "LOCAL",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "baseScore": 7.8,
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
        "impactScore": 5.9,
        "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "type": "Secondary"
      },
      {
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          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "LOCAL",
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          "baseScore": 7.8,
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
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        "exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
        "impactScore": 5.9,
        "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
        "type": "Primary"
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  },
  "published": "2025-05-08T07:15:53.520",
  "references": [
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      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "tags": [
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        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
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  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
  "vulnStatus": "Modified",
  "weaknesses": [
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      "description": [
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          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-416"
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      ],
      "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
      "type": "Primary"
    }
  ]
}

CVE-2025-37823 (GCVE-0-2025-37823)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-08 06:26 – Updated: 2026-08-05 11:57

Title

net_sched: hfsc: Fix a potential UAF in hfsc_dequeue() too

Summary

Severity

7.8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Assigner

Linux mitre root

References

10 references

URL	Tags
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/68f256305ceb426d5…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2f46d14919c39528c…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/da7936518996d290e…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/11bccb054c1462fb0…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/76c4c22c2437d3d38…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c6f035044104c6ff6…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c6936266f8bf98a53…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6ccbda44e2cc3d26f…
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025…
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025…

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
Linux	Linux	Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 68f256305ceb426d545a0dc31f83c2ab1d211a1e (git) Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 2f46d14919c39528c6e540ebc43f90055993eedc (git) Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < da7936518996d290e2fcfcaf6cd7e15bfd87804a (git) Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 11bccb054c1462fb069219f8e98e97a5a730758e (git) Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 76c4c22c2437d3d3880efc0f62eca06ef078d290 (git) Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < c6f035044104c6ff656f4565cd22938dc892528c (git) Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < c6936266f8bf98a53f28ef9a820e6a501e946d09 (git) Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 6ccbda44e2cc3d26fd22af54c650d6d5d801addf (git)
Linux	Linux	Affected: 2.6.12 Unaffected: 0 , < 2.6.12 (semver) Unaffected: 5.4.293 , ≤ 5.4.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.10.237 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.15.181 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.1.136 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.89 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.26 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.14.5 , ≤ 6.14.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.15 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T19:55:56.301Z",
          "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "shortName": "CVE"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00045.html"
          },
          {
            "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00030.html"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "net/sched/sch_hfsc.c"
          ],
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              "lessThan": "76c4c22c2437d3d3880efc0f62eca06ef078d290",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "c6f035044104c6ff656f4565cd22938dc892528c",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "c6936266f8bf98a53f28ef9a820e6a501e946d09",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "6ccbda44e2cc3d26fd22af54c650d6d5d801addf",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "net/sched/sch_hfsc.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2.6.12"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "2.6.12",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.4.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.4.293",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.10.237",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.15.181",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.1.136",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.6.89",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.26",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.14.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.14.5",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.15",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.4.293",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.10.237",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.181",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.136",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.89",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.26",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.14.5",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.15",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet_sched: hfsc: Fix a potential UAF in hfsc_dequeue() too\n\nSimilarly to the previous patch, we need to safe guard hfsc_dequeue()\ntoo. But for this one, we don\u0027t have a reliable reproducer."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - Exploitation requires configuring an HFSC qdisc hierarchy with a netem/codel child and deleting a class via rtnetlink (RTM_NEWQDISC/RTM_NEWTCLASS/RTM_DELTCLASS), which is a local netlink socket operation. Per kernel scoring guidance, tc/netlink qdisc bugs are Local.\nAC:L - The attacker deterministically controls every element: the HFSC class curves (HFSC_RSC), the child qdisc\u0027s drop-on-dequeue behavior (netem loss/corrupt/nested-child enqueue failure, or aggressive codel parameters), packet injection, and the moment of class deletion; the whole sequence runs serialized under the qdisc/tree lock with no race to win. The absence of a maintainer reproducer reflects effort not spent, not a condition outside attacker control \u2014 the identical primitive in the companion commit 3df275ef0a6a had a reliable reproducer.\nPR:L - The rtnetlink handlers gate on netlink_net_capable(skb, CAP_NET_ADMIN), which is evaluated against the caller\u0027s netns user_ns, so an unprivileged user obtains it simply with `unshare -Urn` and can then create a dummy/veth device plus the full hfsc+netem hierarchy. No real root in the init namespace is needed.\nUI:N - The attacker performs the entire sequence \u2014 qdisc/class setup, packet transmission, and class deletion \u2014 from their own process. No victim action is involved.\nS:U - The corruption stays within the kernel\u0027s own memory and privilege domain, yielding standard local privilege escalation rather than crossing into another security authority such as a hypervisor or IOMMU boundary.\nC:H - The freed struct hfsc_class remains linked in the scheduler\u0027s eligible rbtree and is subsequently dereferenced, so a heap spray of the kmalloc-1k slot lets the attacker read back kernel data through the reclaimed object and its cl-\u003eqdisc pointer chain, giving effectively arbitrary kernel memory disclosure.\nI:H - After the free, hfsc_dequeue() performs an indirect call via qdisc_dequeue_peeked() through sch-\u003edequeue read from the reclaimed object, plus bstats_update() writes and rb_erase()/rb_insert_color() on attacker-controlled node pointers \u2014 a direct control-flow hijack and arbitrary-write primitive leading to full kernel compromise.\nA:H - Even without successful heap grooming, traversing and erasing a freed rbtree node and calling through a stale function pointer reliably produces a kernel oops/panic, and the attacker can trigger it repeatedly for a complete denial of service."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:57:46.765Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/68f256305ceb426d545a0dc31f83c2ab1d211a1e"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2f46d14919c39528c6e540ebc43f90055993eedc"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/da7936518996d290e2fcfcaf6cd7e15bfd87804a"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/11bccb054c1462fb069219f8e98e97a5a730758e"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/76c4c22c2437d3d3880efc0f62eca06ef078d290"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c6f035044104c6ff656f4565cd22938dc892528c"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c6936266f8bf98a53f28ef9a820e6a501e946d09"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6ccbda44e2cc3d26fd22af54c650d6d5d801addf"
        }
      ],
      "title": "net_sched: hfsc: Fix a potential UAF in hfsc_dequeue() too",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-37823",
    "datePublished": "2025-05-08T06:26:16.839Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T04:51:23.947Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:57:46.765Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.