Vulnerability-Lookup

FKIE_CVE-2023-54182

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2025-12-30 13:16 - Updated: 2026-08-04 11:16

Severity

7.1 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: f2fs: fix to check readonly condition correctly With below case, it can mount multi-device image w/ rw option, however one of secondary device is set as ro, later update will cause panic, so let's introduce f2fs_dev_is_readonly(), and check multi-devices rw status in f2fs_remount() w/ it in order to avoid such inconsistent mount status. mkfs.f2fs -c /dev/zram1 /dev/zram0 -f blockdev --setro /dev/zram1 mount -t f2fs dev/zram0 /mnt/f2fs mount: /mnt/f2fs: WARNING: source write-protected, mounted read-only. mount -t f2fs -o remount,rw mnt/f2fs dd if=/dev/zero of=/mnt/f2fs/file bs=1M count=8192 kernel BUG at fs/f2fs/inline.c:258! RIP: 0010:f2fs_write_inline_data+0x23e/0x2d0 [f2fs] Call Trace: f2fs_write_single_data_page+0x26b/0x9f0 [f2fs] f2fs_write_cache_pages+0x389/0xa60 [f2fs] __f2fs_write_data_pages+0x26b/0x2d0 [f2fs] f2fs_write_data_pages+0x2e/0x40 [f2fs] do_writepages+0xd3/0x1b0 __writeback_single_inode+0x5b/0x420 writeback_sb_inodes+0x236/0x5a0 __writeback_inodes_wb+0x56/0xf0 wb_writeback+0x2a3/0x490 wb_do_writeback+0x2b2/0x330 wb_workfn+0x6a/0x260 process_one_work+0x270/0x5e0 worker_thread+0x52/0x3e0 kthread+0xf4/0x120 ret_from_fork+0x29/0x50

References

	URL	Tags
	416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d78dfefcde9d311284434560d69c0478c55a657e
	416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/da8c535b28696017e5d1532d12ea78e836432d9e
	416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e05d63f8b48aad4613bd582c945bee41e2dd7255
	416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e2759a59a4cc96af712084e9db7065c858c4fe9f

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "fs/f2fs/f2fs.h",
            "fs/f2fs/super.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "e2759a59a4cc96af712084e9db7065c858c4fe9f",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "f824deb54b683165b953371a0529446c723ef6d6",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "e05d63f8b48aad4613bd582c945bee41e2dd7255",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "f824deb54b683165b953371a0529446c723ef6d6",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "da8c535b28696017e5d1532d12ea78e836432d9e",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "f824deb54b683165b953371a0529446c723ef6d6",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "d78dfefcde9d311284434560d69c0478c55a657e",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "f824deb54b683165b953371a0529446c723ef6d6",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "fs/f2fs/f2fs.h",
            "fs/f2fs/super.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5.2"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "5.2",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.15.113",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.1.30",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.3.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.3.4",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.4",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nf2fs: fix to check readonly condition correctly\n\nWith below case, it can mount multi-device image w/ rw option, however\none of secondary device is set as ro, later update will cause panic, so\nlet\u0027s introduce f2fs_dev_is_readonly(), and check multi-devices rw status\nin f2fs_remount() w/ it in order to avoid such inconsistent mount status.\n\nmkfs.f2fs -c /dev/zram1 /dev/zram0 -f\nblockdev --setro /dev/zram1\nmount -t f2fs dev/zram0 /mnt/f2fs\nmount: /mnt/f2fs: WARNING: source write-protected, mounted read-only.\nmount -t f2fs -o remount,rw mnt/f2fs\ndd if=/dev/zero  of=/mnt/f2fs/file bs=1M count=8192\n\nkernel BUG at fs/f2fs/inline.c:258!\nRIP: 0010:f2fs_write_inline_data+0x23e/0x2d0 [f2fs]\nCall Trace:\n  f2fs_write_single_data_page+0x26b/0x9f0 [f2fs]\n  f2fs_write_cache_pages+0x389/0xa60 [f2fs]\n  __f2fs_write_data_pages+0x26b/0x2d0 [f2fs]\n  f2fs_write_data_pages+0x2e/0x40 [f2fs]\n  do_writepages+0xd3/0x1b0\n  __writeback_single_inode+0x5b/0x420\n  writeback_sb_inodes+0x236/0x5a0\n  __writeback_inodes_wb+0x56/0xf0\n  wb_writeback+0x2a3/0x490\n  wb_do_writeback+0x2b2/0x330\n  wb_workfn+0x6a/0x260\n  process_one_work+0x270/0x5e0\n  worker_thread+0x52/0x3e0\n  kthread+0xf4/0x120\n  ret_from_fork+0x29/0x50"
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2023-54182",
  "lastModified": "2026-08-04T11:16:35.453",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "LOCAL",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "baseScore": 7.1,
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
        "impactScore": 5.2,
        "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2025-12-30T13:16:06.140",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d78dfefcde9d311284434560d69c0478c55a657e"
    },
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/da8c535b28696017e5d1532d12ea78e836432d9e"
    },
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e05d63f8b48aad4613bd582c945bee41e2dd7255"
    },
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e2759a59a4cc96af712084e9db7065c858c4fe9f"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
  "vulnStatus": "Deferred"
}

CVE-2023-54182 (GCVE-0-2023-54182)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-30 12:08 – Updated: 2026-08-05 09:17

Title

f2fs: fix to check readonly condition correctly

Summary

Severity

7.1 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H

Assigner

Linux mitre root

References

4 references

URL	Tags
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e2759a59a4cc96af7…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e05d63f8b48aad461…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/da8c535b28696017e…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d78dfefcde9d31128…

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
Linux	Linux	Affected: f824deb54b683165b953371a0529446c723ef6d6 , < e2759a59a4cc96af712084e9db7065c858c4fe9f (git) Affected: f824deb54b683165b953371a0529446c723ef6d6 , < e05d63f8b48aad4613bd582c945bee41e2dd7255 (git) Affected: f824deb54b683165b953371a0529446c723ef6d6 , < da8c535b28696017e5d1532d12ea78e836432d9e (git) Affected: f824deb54b683165b953371a0529446c723ef6d6 , < d78dfefcde9d311284434560d69c0478c55a657e (git)
Linux	Linux	Affected: 5.2 Unaffected: 0 , < 5.2 (semver) Unaffected: 5.15.113 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.1.30 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.3.4 , ≤ 6.3.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.4 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "fs/f2fs/f2fs.h",
            "fs/f2fs/super.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "e2759a59a4cc96af712084e9db7065c858c4fe9f",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "f824deb54b683165b953371a0529446c723ef6d6",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "e05d63f8b48aad4613bd582c945bee41e2dd7255",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "f824deb54b683165b953371a0529446c723ef6d6",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "da8c535b28696017e5d1532d12ea78e836432d9e",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "f824deb54b683165b953371a0529446c723ef6d6",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "d78dfefcde9d311284434560d69c0478c55a657e",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "f824deb54b683165b953371a0529446c723ef6d6",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "fs/f2fs/f2fs.h",
            "fs/f2fs/super.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5.2"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "5.2",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.15.113",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.1.30",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.3.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.3.4",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.4",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.113",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.2",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.30",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.2",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.3.4",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.2",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.4",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.2",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nf2fs: fix to check readonly condition correctly\n\nWith below case, it can mount multi-device image w/ rw option, however\none of secondary device is set as ro, later update will cause panic, so\nlet\u0027s introduce f2fs_dev_is_readonly(), and check multi-devices rw status\nin f2fs_remount() w/ it in order to avoid such inconsistent mount status.\n\nmkfs.f2fs -c /dev/zram1 /dev/zram0 -f\nblockdev --setro /dev/zram1\nmount -t f2fs dev/zram0 /mnt/f2fs\nmount: /mnt/f2fs: WARNING: source write-protected, mounted read-only.\nmount -t f2fs -o remount,rw mnt/f2fs\ndd if=/dev/zero  of=/mnt/f2fs/file bs=1M count=8192\n\nkernel BUG at fs/f2fs/inline.c:258!\nRIP: 0010:f2fs_write_inline_data+0x23e/0x2d0 [f2fs]\nCall Trace:\n  f2fs_write_single_data_page+0x26b/0x9f0 [f2fs]\n  f2fs_write_cache_pages+0x389/0xa60 [f2fs]\n  __f2fs_write_data_pages+0x26b/0x2d0 [f2fs]\n  f2fs_write_data_pages+0x2e/0x40 [f2fs]\n  do_writepages+0xd3/0x1b0\n  __writeback_single_inode+0x5b/0x420\n  writeback_sb_inodes+0x236/0x5a0\n  __writeback_inodes_wb+0x56/0xf0\n  wb_writeback+0x2a3/0x490\n  wb_do_writeback+0x2b2/0x330\n  wb_workfn+0x6a/0x260\n  process_one_work+0x270/0x5e0\n  worker_thread+0x52/0x3e0\n  kthread+0xf4/0x120\n  ret_from_fork+0x29/0x50"
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.1,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The vulnerability is reached through local filesystem operations \u2014 a mount/remount syscall on a local block device followed by ordinary file writes on the mounted f2fs volume. There is no network-facing component in fs/f2fs/super.c or the writeback path.\nAC:L - Once a multi-device f2fs volume with a read-only secondary device has been remounted read-write, writing any file larger than MAX_INLINE_DATA deterministically drives f2fs_write_inline_data() into f2fs_bug_on(sbi, page-\u003eindex) with 100% reliability. There is no race to win and no memory layout to groom.\nPR:L - The final trigger requires only an unprivileged local user with write access to the mounted filesystem \u2014 the inconsistent RW state is created by the kernel wrongly accepting a remount that mount(8) itself flagged as write-protected, which an admin will naturally attempt after seeing the \"source write-protected, mounted read-only\" warning. No capability is needed to issue the writes that panic the kernel.\nUI:N - No victim action is needed at exploitation time; the attacker simply writes to a file and the writeback kworker hits the BUG asynchronously. The vulnerable mount state is a pre-existing system condition, not an interaction the attacker must induce.\nS:U - The impact is confined to the kernel and the affected filesystem within the same security authority \u2014 there is no VM, sandbox, or IOMMU boundary crossed.\nC:N - All data movement in the affected paths (f2fs_do_read_inline_data, f2fs_truncate_inline_inode, f2fs_write_inline_data) is bounded by MAX_INLINE_DATA(inode) inside the inode\u0027s own node page, so there is no out-of-bounds read, no uninitialized memory exposure, and no cross-file disclosure.\nI:H - The inconsistent mount lets f2fs_convert_inline_inode() silently skip conversion, so an inode retains FI_INLINE_DATA while holding data blocks past index 0; the WARN path then memcpy\u0027s the wrong page into the inline data area and writes to the read-only member device are rejected by bio_check_ro(), producing on-disk data and metadata corruption, checkpoint errors, and a filesystem flagged SBI_NEED_FSCK.\nA:H - With CONFIG_F2FS_CHECK_FS the assertion is a hard BUG_ON that panics the kernel from the writeback kworker (the exact \"kernel BUG at fs/f2fs/inline.c:258\" reported in the fix). Even without it, the resulting I/O failures on the read-only device drive the filesystem into a checkpoint-error state, taking the volume offline."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T09:17:51.173Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e2759a59a4cc96af712084e9db7065c858c4fe9f"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e05d63f8b48aad4613bd582c945bee41e2dd7255"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/da8c535b28696017e5d1532d12ea78e836432d9e"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d78dfefcde9d311284434560d69c0478c55a657e"
        }
      ],
      "title": "f2fs: fix to check readonly condition correctly",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2023-54182",
    "datePublished": "2025-12-30T12:08:53.092Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-12-30T12:06:44.497Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T09:17:51.173Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
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FKIE_CVE-2023-54182

CVE-2023-54182 (GCVE-0-2023-54182)

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature

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