FKIE_CVE-2023-54173
Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2025-12-30 13:16 - Updated: 2026-08-04 11:16
Severity
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
bpf: Disable preemption in bpf_event_output
We received report [1] of kernel crash, which is caused by
using nesting protection without disabled preemption.
The bpf_event_output can be called by programs executed by
bpf_prog_run_array_cg function that disabled migration but
keeps preemption enabled.
This can cause task to be preempted by another one inside the
nesting protection and lead eventually to two tasks using same
perf_sample_data buffer and cause crashes like:
BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000001
#PF: supervisor instruction fetch in kernel mode
#PF: error_code(0x0010) - not-present page
...
? perf_output_sample+0x12a/0x9a0
? finish_task_switch.isra.0+0x81/0x280
? perf_event_output+0x66/0xa0
? bpf_event_output+0x13a/0x190
? bpf_event_output_data+0x22/0x40
? bpf_prog_dfc84bbde731b257_cil_sock4_connect+0x40a/0xacb
? xa_load+0x87/0xe0
? __cgroup_bpf_run_filter_sock_addr+0xc1/0x1a0
? release_sock+0x3e/0x90
? sk_setsockopt+0x1a1/0x12f0
? udp_pre_connect+0x36/0x50
? inet_dgram_connect+0x93/0xa0
? __sys_connect+0xb4/0xe0
? udp_setsockopt+0x27/0x40
? __pfx_udp_push_pending_frames+0x10/0x10
? __sys_setsockopt+0xdf/0x1a0
? __x64_sys_connect+0xf/0x20
? do_syscall_64+0x3a/0x90
? entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x72/0xdc
Fixing this by disabling preemption in bpf_event_output.
[1] https://github.com/cilium/cilium/issues/26756
References
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version |
|---|
{
"affected": [
{
"affectedData": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Linux",
"programFiles": [
"kernel/trace/bpf_trace.c"
],
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"vendor": "Linux",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "3048cb0dc0cc9dc74ed93690dffef00733bcad5b",
"status": "affected",
"version": "2a916f2f546ca1c1e3323e2a4269307f6d9890eb",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "c81bdf8f9f2b002d217c3d5357cdea9f2b82ff90",
"status": "affected",
"version": "2a916f2f546ca1c1e3323e2a4269307f6d9890eb",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "36dd8ca330b76585640ed32255a3c99f901e1502",
"status": "affected",
"version": "2a916f2f546ca1c1e3323e2a4269307f6d9890eb",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "063c9ce8e74e07bf94f99cd13146f42867875e8b",
"status": "affected",
"version": "2a916f2f546ca1c1e3323e2a4269307f6d9890eb",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "d62cc390c2e99ae267ffe4b8d7e2e08b6c758c32",
"status": "affected",
"version": "2a916f2f546ca1c1e3323e2a4269307f6d9890eb",
"versionType": "git"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"product": "Linux",
"programFiles": [
"kernel/trace/bpf_trace.c"
],
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"vendor": "Linux",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "5.7"
},
{
"lessThan": "5.7",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "5.10.190",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "5.15.126",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.1.45",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.4.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.4.10",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.5",
"versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
}
]
}
],
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
}
],
"cveTags": [],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: Disable preemption in bpf_event_output\n\nWe received report [1] of kernel crash, which is caused by\nusing nesting protection without disabled preemption.\n\nThe bpf_event_output can be called by programs executed by\nbpf_prog_run_array_cg function that disabled migration but\nkeeps preemption enabled.\n\nThis can cause task to be preempted by another one inside the\nnesting protection and lead eventually to two tasks using same\nperf_sample_data buffer and cause crashes like:\n\n BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000001\n #PF: supervisor instruction fetch in kernel mode\n #PF: error_code(0x0010) - not-present page\n ...\n ? perf_output_sample+0x12a/0x9a0\n ? finish_task_switch.isra.0+0x81/0x280\n ? perf_event_output+0x66/0xa0\n ? bpf_event_output+0x13a/0x190\n ? bpf_event_output_data+0x22/0x40\n ? bpf_prog_dfc84bbde731b257_cil_sock4_connect+0x40a/0xacb\n ? xa_load+0x87/0xe0\n ? __cgroup_bpf_run_filter_sock_addr+0xc1/0x1a0\n ? release_sock+0x3e/0x90\n ? sk_setsockopt+0x1a1/0x12f0\n ? udp_pre_connect+0x36/0x50\n ? inet_dgram_connect+0x93/0xa0\n ? __sys_connect+0xb4/0xe0\n ? udp_setsockopt+0x27/0x40\n ? __pfx_udp_push_pending_frames+0x10/0x10\n ? __sys_setsockopt+0xdf/0x1a0\n ? __x64_sys_connect+0xf/0x20\n ? do_syscall_64+0x3a/0x90\n ? entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x72/0xdc\n\nFixing this by disabling preemption in bpf_event_output.\n\n[1] https://github.com/cilium/cilium/issues/26756"
}
],
"id": "CVE-2023-54173",
"lastModified": "2026-08-04T11:16:35.337",
"metrics": {
"cvssMetricV31": [
{
"cvssData": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 7.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
"impactScore": 5.9,
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"type": "Secondary"
}
]
},
"published": "2025-12-30T13:16:05.157",
"references": [
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/063c9ce8e74e07bf94f99cd13146f42867875e8b"
},
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3048cb0dc0cc9dc74ed93690dffef00733bcad5b"
},
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/36dd8ca330b76585640ed32255a3c99f901e1502"
},
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c81bdf8f9f2b002d217c3d5357cdea9f2b82ff90"
},
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d62cc390c2e99ae267ffe4b8d7e2e08b6c758c32"
}
],
"sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"vulnStatus": "Deferred"
}
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Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.
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