Vulnerability-Lookup

FKIE_CVE-2023-54026

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2025-12-24 11:15 - Updated: 2026-08-04 10:19

Severity

7.8 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: opp: Fix use-after-free in lazy_opp_tables after probe deferral When dev_pm_opp_of_find_icc_paths() in _allocate_opp_table() returns -EPROBE_DEFER, the opp_table is freed again, to wait until all the interconnect paths are available. However, if the OPP table is using required-opps then it may already have been added to the global lazy_opp_tables list. The error path does not remove the opp_table from the list again. This can cause crashes later when the provider of the required-opps is added, since we will iterate over OPP tables that have already been freed. E.g.: Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference when read CPU: 0 PID: 7 Comm: kworker/0:0 Not tainted 6.4.0-rc3 PC is at _of_add_opp_table_v2 (include/linux/of.h:949 drivers/opp/of.c:98 drivers/opp/of.c:344 drivers/opp/of.c:404 drivers/opp/of.c:1032) -> lazy_link_required_opp_table() Fix this by calling _of_clear_opp_table() to remove the opp_table from the list and clear other allocated resources. While at it, also add the missing mutex_destroy() calls in the error path.

References

	URL	Tags
	416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/39a0e723d3502f6dc4c603f57ebe8dc7bcc4a4bc
	416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/76ab057de777723ec924654502d1a260ba7d7d54
	416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b2a2ab039bd58f51355e33d7d3fc64605d7f870d
	416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c05e76d6b249e5254c31994eedd06dd3cc90dee0

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/opp/core.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "39a0e723d3502f6dc4c603f57ebe8dc7bcc4a4bc",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7eba0c7641b0009818e469dbfcdd87a0155ab9d4",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "76ab057de777723ec924654502d1a260ba7d7d54",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7eba0c7641b0009818e469dbfcdd87a0155ab9d4",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "c05e76d6b249e5254c31994eedd06dd3cc90dee0",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7eba0c7641b0009818e469dbfcdd87a0155ab9d4",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "b2a2ab039bd58f51355e33d7d3fc64605d7f870d",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7eba0c7641b0009818e469dbfcdd87a0155ab9d4",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/opp/core.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5.12"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "5.12",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.15.121",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.1.40",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.4.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.4.5",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.5",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nopp: Fix use-after-free in lazy_opp_tables after probe deferral\n\nWhen dev_pm_opp_of_find_icc_paths() in _allocate_opp_table() returns\n-EPROBE_DEFER, the opp_table is freed again, to wait until all the\ninterconnect paths are available.\n\nHowever, if the OPP table is using required-opps then it may already\nhave been added to the global lazy_opp_tables list. The error path\ndoes not remove the opp_table from the list again.\n\nThis can cause crashes later when the provider of the required-opps\nis added, since we will iterate over OPP tables that have already been\nfreed. E.g.:\n\n  Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference when read\n  CPU: 0 PID: 7 Comm: kworker/0:0 Not tainted 6.4.0-rc3\n  PC is at _of_add_opp_table_v2 (include/linux/of.h:949\n  drivers/opp/of.c:98 drivers/opp/of.c:344 drivers/opp/of.c:404\n  drivers/opp/of.c:1032) -\u003e lazy_link_required_opp_table()\n\nFix this by calling _of_clear_opp_table() to remove the opp_table from\nthe list and clear other allocated resources. While at it, also add the\nmissing mutex_destroy() calls in the error path."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2023-54026",
  "lastModified": "2026-08-04T10:19:25.753",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "LOCAL",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "baseScore": 7.8,
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
        "impactScore": 5.9,
        "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2025-12-24T11:15:55.610",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/39a0e723d3502f6dc4c603f57ebe8dc7bcc4a4bc"
    },
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/76ab057de777723ec924654502d1a260ba7d7d54"
    },
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b2a2ab039bd58f51355e33d7d3fc64605d7f870d"
    },
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c05e76d6b249e5254c31994eedd06dd3cc90dee0"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
  "vulnStatus": "Deferred"
}

CVE-2023-54026 (GCVE-0-2023-54026)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-24 10:55 – Updated: 2026-08-05 09:16

Title

opp: Fix use-after-free in lazy_opp_tables after probe deferral

Summary

Severity

7.8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Assigner

Linux mitre root

References

4 references

URL	Tags
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/39a0e723d3502f6dc…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/76ab057de777723ec…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c05e76d6b249e5254…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b2a2ab039bd58f513…

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
Linux	Linux	Affected: 7eba0c7641b0009818e469dbfcdd87a0155ab9d4 , < 39a0e723d3502f6dc4c603f57ebe8dc7bcc4a4bc (git) Affected: 7eba0c7641b0009818e469dbfcdd87a0155ab9d4 , < 76ab057de777723ec924654502d1a260ba7d7d54 (git) Affected: 7eba0c7641b0009818e469dbfcdd87a0155ab9d4 , < c05e76d6b249e5254c31994eedd06dd3cc90dee0 (git) Affected: 7eba0c7641b0009818e469dbfcdd87a0155ab9d4 , < b2a2ab039bd58f51355e33d7d3fc64605d7f870d (git)
Linux	Linux	Affected: 5.12 Unaffected: 0 , < 5.12 (semver) Unaffected: 5.15.121 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.1.40 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.4.5 , ≤ 6.4.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.5 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/opp/core.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "39a0e723d3502f6dc4c603f57ebe8dc7bcc4a4bc",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7eba0c7641b0009818e469dbfcdd87a0155ab9d4",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "76ab057de777723ec924654502d1a260ba7d7d54",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7eba0c7641b0009818e469dbfcdd87a0155ab9d4",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "c05e76d6b249e5254c31994eedd06dd3cc90dee0",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7eba0c7641b0009818e469dbfcdd87a0155ab9d4",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "b2a2ab039bd58f51355e33d7d3fc64605d7f870d",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7eba0c7641b0009818e469dbfcdd87a0155ab9d4",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/opp/core.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5.12"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "5.12",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.15.121",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.1.40",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.4.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.4.5",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.5",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.121",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.40",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.4.5",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.5",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nopp: Fix use-after-free in lazy_opp_tables after probe deferral\n\nWhen dev_pm_opp_of_find_icc_paths() in _allocate_opp_table() returns\n-EPROBE_DEFER, the opp_table is freed again, to wait until all the\ninterconnect paths are available.\n\nHowever, if the OPP table is using required-opps then it may already\nhave been added to the global lazy_opp_tables list. The error path\ndoes not remove the opp_table from the list again.\n\nThis can cause crashes later when the provider of the required-opps\nis added, since we will iterate over OPP tables that have already been\nfreed. E.g.:\n\n  Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference when read\n  CPU: 0 PID: 7 Comm: kworker/0:0 Not tainted 6.4.0-rc3\n  PC is at _of_add_opp_table_v2 (include/linux/of.h:949\n  drivers/opp/of.c:98 drivers/opp/of.c:344 drivers/opp/of.c:404\n  drivers/opp/of.c:1032) -\u003e lazy_link_required_opp_table()\n\nFix this by calling _of_clear_opp_table() to remove the opp_table from\nthe list and clear other allocated resources. While at it, also add the\nmissing mutex_destroy() calls in the error path."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The vulnerable path lies entirely in the OPP core\u0027s device-probe code (`_allocate_opp_table()`), reached only through in-kernel driver probe/bind on the local system; there is no network, adjacent-network, or physical-device data path into it.\nAC:L - On an affected DT platform the combination of a lazy `required-opps` link plus an interconnect `-EPROBE_DEFER` occurs deterministically during probe ordering, and the dangling list entry is then consumed unconditionally by the next `lazy_link_required_opp_table()` walk \u2014 no race must be won and no unpredictable memory layout is required to reach the freed object.\nPR:L - No authentication or capability check exists in the OPP core path itself; the free-and-dangle happens in driver probe context, so a local low-privileged presence on the system is the most severity-favorable reading (the code performs no privilege validation of its own).\nUI:N - The dangling `lazy_opp_tables` entry is created and later dereferenced automatically as drivers probe and defer; no victim action such as opening a file or mounting a filesystem is needed.\nS:U - The corruption is confined to kernel heap objects owned by the OPP framework within the same kernel security authority \u2014 there is no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary crossed.\nC:H - `lazy_link_required_opp_table()` reads a freed `struct opp_table` \u2014 `np`, `required_opp_count`, `required_opp_tables[]`, `opp_list` \u2014 and follows those stale pointers, so reallocated slab contents can be read and leveraged for kernel memory disclosure, matching the UAF=High guidance.\nI:H - The same walk writes into the freed object: `required_opp_tables[i] = new_table`, the `set_required_opps` function-pointer field via `_update_set_required_opps()`, and a `list_del_init()` unlink through stale prev/next pointers \u2014 a classic write-what-where primitive plus function-pointer overwrite usable for control-flow hijack.\nA:H - The bug was reported as a kernel NULL-pointer dereference oops in `_of_add_opp_table_v2()`/`lazy_link_required_opp_table()` during boot, and any traversal of the freed table can panic the kernel or corrupt the global list."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T09:16:38.468Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/39a0e723d3502f6dc4c603f57ebe8dc7bcc4a4bc"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/76ab057de777723ec924654502d1a260ba7d7d54"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c05e76d6b249e5254c31994eedd06dd3cc90dee0"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b2a2ab039bd58f51355e33d7d3fc64605d7f870d"
        }
      ],
      "title": "opp: Fix use-after-free in lazy_opp_tables after probe deferral",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2023-54026",
    "datePublished": "2025-12-24T10:55:55.182Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-12-24T10:53:46.179Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T09:16:38.468Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.