FKIE_CVE-2021-22881

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2021-02-11 18:15 - Updated: 2026-06-17 03:37
Severity
6.1 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
Summary
The Host Authorization middleware in Action Pack before 6.1.2.1, 6.0.3.5 suffers from an open redirect vulnerability. Specially crafted `Host` headers in combination with certain "allowed host" formats can cause the Host Authorization middleware in Action Pack to redirect users to a malicious website. Impacted applications will have allowed hosts with a leading dot. When an allowed host contains a leading dot, a specially crafted `Host` header can be used to redirect to a malicious website.
References
support@hackerone.comhttp://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/05/05/2Mailing List, Mitigation, Third Party Advisory
support@hackerone.comhttp://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/08/20/1Mailing List, Mitigation, Third Party Advisory
support@hackerone.comhttp://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/12/14/5Exploit, Mailing List, Patch
support@hackerone.comhttps://benjamin-bouchet.com/cve-2021-22881-faille-de-securite-dans-le-middleware-hostauthorization/Patch, Third Party Advisory
support@hackerone.comhttps://discuss.rubyonrails.org/t/cve-2021-22881-possible-open-redirect-in-host-authorization-middleware/77130Mitigation, Patch, Vendor Advisory
support@hackerone.comhttps://hackerone.com/reports/1047447Exploit, Patch, Third Party Advisory
support@hackerone.comhttps://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/XQ3NS4IBYE2I3MVMGAHFZBZBIZGHXHT3/
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/05/05/2Mailing List, Mitigation, Third Party Advisory
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/08/20/1Mailing List, Mitigation, Third Party Advisory
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/12/14/5Exploit, Mailing List, Patch
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108https://benjamin-bouchet.com/cve-2021-22881-faille-de-securite-dans-le-middleware-hostauthorization/Patch, Third Party Advisory
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108https://discuss.rubyonrails.org/t/cve-2021-22881-possible-open-redirect-in-host-authorization-middleware/77130Mitigation, Patch, Vendor Advisory
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108https://hackerone.com/reports/1047447Exploit, Patch, Third Party Advisory
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/XQ3NS4IBYE2I3MVMGAHFZBZBIZGHXHT3/
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
rubyonrails rails *
rubyonrails rails *
fedoraproject fedora 33
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "product": "https://github.com/rails/rails",
          "vendor": "n/a",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "Fixed in 6.1.2.1, 6.0.3.5"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": "support@hackerone.com"
    }
  ],
  "configurations": [
    {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "cpeMatch": [
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              "matchCriteriaId": "817BE0F5-136C-460E-816D-74B3F6663BA8",
              "versionEndExcluding": "6.0.3.5",
              "versionStartIncluding": "6.0.0",
              "vulnerable": true
            },
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "98CE6993-089E-454B-8156-011E03FC3C94",
              "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.2.1",
              "versionStartIncluding": "6.1.0",
              "vulnerable": true
            }
          ],
          "negate": false,
          "operator": "OR"
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    },
    {
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              "vulnerable": true
            }
          ],
          "negate": false,
          "operator": "OR"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "The Host Authorization middleware in Action Pack before 6.1.2.1, 6.0.3.5 suffers from an open redirect vulnerability. Specially crafted `Host` headers in combination with certain \"allowed host\" formats can cause the Host Authorization middleware in Action Pack to redirect users to a malicious website. Impacted applications will have allowed hosts with a leading dot. When an allowed host contains a leading dot, a specially crafted `Host` header can be used to redirect to a malicious website."
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "El middleware de Autorizaci\u00f3n de Host en Action Pack versiones anteriores a 6.1.2.1, 6.0.3.5 sufre una vulnerabilidad de redireccionamiento abierto.\u0026#xa0;Los encabezados \"Host\" especialmente dise\u00f1ados en combinaci\u00f3n con determinados formatos \"allowed host\" pueden causar que el middleware de Autorizaci\u00f3n del Host en Action Pack redireccione a los usuarios a un sitio web malicioso.\u0026#xa0;Las aplicaciones afectadas habr\u00e1n permitido hosts con un punto inicial.\u0026#xa0;Cuando un host permitido contiene un punto inicial, un encabezado \"Host\" especialmente dise\u00f1ado puede ser usado para redireccionar hacia un sitio web malicioso"
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2021-22881",
  "lastModified": "2026-06-17T03:37:56.390",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV2": [
      {
        "acInsufInfo": false,
        "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
        "cvssData": {
          "accessComplexity": "MEDIUM",
          "accessVector": "NETWORK",
          "authentication": "NONE",
          "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "baseScore": 5.8,
          "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL",
          "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL",
          "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:N",
          "version": "2.0"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 8.6,
        "impactScore": 4.9,
        "obtainAllPrivilege": false,
        "obtainOtherPrivilege": false,
        "obtainUserPrivilege": false,
        "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
        "type": "Primary",
        "userInteractionRequired": true
      }
    ],
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "baseScore": 6.1,
          "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
          "confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
          "integrityImpact": "LOW",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "scope": "CHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 2.8,
        "impactScore": 2.7,
        "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
        "type": "Primary"
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2021-02-11T18:15:17.460",
  "references": [
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    },
    {
      "source": "support@hackerone.com",
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    },
    {
      "source": "support@hackerone.com",
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      "url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/1047447"
    },
    {
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    },
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      "url": "https://benjamin-bouchet.com/cve-2021-22881-faille-de-securite-dans-le-middleware-hostauthorization/"
    },
    {
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    },
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      "url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/1047447"
    },
    {
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/XQ3NS4IBYE2I3MVMGAHFZBZBIZGHXHT3/"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "support@hackerone.com",
  "vulnStatus": "Modified",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-601"
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      "type": "Secondary"
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      ],
      "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
      "type": "Primary"
    }
  ]
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

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Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
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  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.



Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.