CVE-2026-53430 (GCVE-0-2026-53430)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-15 21:55 – Updated: 2026-06-16 14:43
VLAI
Title
grpc gzip decompression bomb in GRPC.Compressor.Gzip.decompress/1
Summary
Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification) vulnerability in elixir-grpc grpc (GRPC.Compressor.Gzip, GRPC.Message modules) allows a denial of service via a gzip decompression bomb.
This vulnerability is associated with program files lib/grpc/compressor/gzip.ex, lib/grpc/message.ex and program routines 'Elixir.GRPC.Compressor.Gzip':decompress/1, 'Elixir.GRPC.Message':from_data/2.
'Elixir.GRPC.Compressor.Gzip':decompress/1 calls :zlib.gunzip/1 directly on attacker-controlled bytes with no decompressed-size limit, ratio check, or incremental decoding. Because this module is the registered gzip GRPC.Compressor implementation, it is invoked automatically whenever an incoming gRPC frame carries the grpc-encoding: gzip header. :zlib.gunzip/1 allocates the entire decompressed result as a single binary, so a small highly compressible payload (for example a few kilobytes of zeros, which gzip compresses at roughly 1000:1) expands to multiple gigabytes inside a single call. The max_receive_message_length limit is enforced only against the already-decompressed message, so it provides no protection. An unauthenticated remote peer can send a single crafted frame to exhaust the BEAM node's heap and trigger an out-of-memory kill.
This issue affects grpc: from 0.4.0 before 1.0.0.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-409 - Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/elixir-grpc/grpc/security/advi… | vendor-advisoryrelated |
| https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-53430.html | related |
| https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-53430 | related |
| https://github.com/elixir-grpc/grpc/commit/1afbab… | patch |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| elixir-grpc | grpc |
Affected:
0.4.0 , < 1.0.0
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:elixir-grpc:grpc:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| elixir-grpc | grpc |
Affected:
beae6800fc8baf126f3fe7107d86a50e105275ba , < 1afbab9d57d2a3e16ca9c62ffa4923338ea96cfc
(git)
cpe:2.3:a:elixir-grpc:grpc:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Credits
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An unauthenticated remote peer can send a single crafted frame to exhaust the BEAM node\u0027s heap and trigger an out-of-memory kill.\\n\\nThis issue affects grpc: from 0.4.0 before 1.0.0.\", \"supportingMedia\": [{\"type\": \"text/html\", \"value\": \"\u003cp\u003eImproper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification) vulnerability in elixir-grpc grpc (\u003ctt\u003eGRPC.Compressor.Gzip\u003c/tt\u003e, \u003ctt\u003eGRPC.Message\u003c/tt\u003e modules) allows a denial of service via a gzip decompression bomb.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis vulnerability is associated with program files \u003ctt\u003elib/grpc/compressor/gzip.ex\u003c/tt\u003e, \u003ctt\u003elib/grpc/message.ex\u003c/tt\u003e and program routines \u003ctt\u003e\u0027Elixir.GRPC.Compressor.Gzip\u0027:decompress/1\u003c/tt\u003e, \u003ctt\u003e\u0027Elixir.GRPC.Message\u0027:from_data/2\u003c/tt\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ctt\u003e\u0027Elixir.GRPC.Compressor.Gzip\u0027:decompress/1\u003c/tt\u003e calls \u003ctt\u003e:zlib.gunzip/1\u003c/tt\u003e directly on attacker-controlled bytes with no decompressed-size limit, ratio check, or incremental decoding. Because this module is the registered gzip \u003ctt\u003eGRPC.Compressor\u003c/tt\u003e implementation, it is invoked automatically whenever an incoming gRPC frame carries the \u003ctt\u003egrpc-encoding: gzip\u003c/tt\u003e header. \u003ctt\u003e:zlib.gunzip/1\u003c/tt\u003e allocates the entire decompressed result as a single binary, so a small highly compressible payload (for example a few kilobytes of zeros, which gzip compresses at roughly 1000:1) expands to multiple gigabytes inside a single call. The \u003ctt\u003emax_receive_message_length\u003c/tt\u003e limit is enforced only against the already-decompressed message, so it provides no protection. An unauthenticated remote peer can send a single crafted frame to exhaust the BEAM node\u0027s heap and trigger an out-of-memory kill.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis issue affects grpc: from 0.4.0 before 1.0.0.\u003c/p\u003e\", \"base64\": false}]}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-409\", \"description\": \"CWE-409 Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)\"}]}], \"cpeApplicability\": [{\"nodes\": [{\"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:a:elixir-grpc:grpc:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"1.0.0\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"0.4.0\"}], \"operator\": \"AND\"}], \"operator\": \"OR\"}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db\", \"shortName\": \"EEF\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-06-15T21:55:33.707Z\"}}}",
"cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2026-53430\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-06-16T14:43:11.143Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2026-06-09T11:01:47.529Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db\", \"datePublished\": \"2026-06-15T21:55:33.707Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"EEF\"}",
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
}
}
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Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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