CVE-2026-53036 (GCVE-0-2026-53036)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-24 16:29 – Updated: 2026-06-28 06:38
VLAI
Title
bpf, arm64: Fix off-by-one in check_imm signed range check
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf, arm64: Fix off-by-one in check_imm signed range check check_imm(bits, imm) is used in the arm64 BPF JIT to verify that a branch displacement (in arm64 instruction units) fits into the signed N-bit immediate field of a B, B.cond or CBZ/CBNZ encoding before it is handed to the encoder. The macro currently tests for (imm > 0 && imm >> bits) || (imm < 0 && ~imm >> bits) which admits values in [-2^N, 2^N) — effectively a signed (N+1)-bit range. A signed N-bit field only holds [-2^(N-1), 2^(N-1)), so the check admits one extra bit of range on each side. In particular, for check_imm19(), values in [2^18, 2^19) slip past the check but do not fit into the 19-bit signed imm19 field of B.cond. aarch64_insn_encode_immediate() then masks the raw value into the 19-bit field, setting bit 18 (the sign bit) and flipping a forward branch into a backward one. Same class of issue exists for check_imm26() and the B/BL encoding. Shift by (bits - 1) instead of bits so the actual signed N-bit range is enforced.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Linux Linux Affected: e54bcde3d69d40023ae77727213d14f920eb264a , < a5dfeb3b61065039488342d43ae06d4729d955d4 (git)
Affected: e54bcde3d69d40023ae77727213d14f920eb264a , < 7fd3b41260c6120e7b60164afea5d961af6224f9 (git)
Affected: e54bcde3d69d40023ae77727213d14f920eb264a , < 6927f0d6794aa73318bbfa929f1ff6065b0620df (git)
Affected: e54bcde3d69d40023ae77727213d14f920eb264a , < 1a113b5497297871699cd498b1b83542e0db7f15 (git)
Affected: e54bcde3d69d40023ae77727213d14f920eb264a , < fb74defa1cca1a73177c0c761e641332e4f979a3 (git)
Affected: e54bcde3d69d40023ae77727213d14f920eb264a , < 1dd8be4ec722ce54e4cace59f3a4ba658111b3ec (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 3.18
Unaffected: 0 , < 3.18 (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.175 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.141 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.91 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.33 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.0.10 , ≤ 7.0.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.1 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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{
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf, arm64: Fix off-by-one in check_imm signed range check\n\ncheck_imm(bits, imm) is used in the arm64 BPF JIT to verify that\na branch displacement (in arm64 instruction units) fits into the\nsigned N-bit immediate field of a B, B.cond or CBZ/CBNZ encoding\nbefore it is handed to the encoder. The macro currently tests for\n(imm \u003e 0 \u0026\u0026 imm \u003e\u003e bits) || (imm \u003c 0 \u0026\u0026 ~imm \u003e\u003e bits) which admits\nvalues in [-2^N, 2^N) \u2014 effectively a signed (N+1)-bit range. A\nsigned N-bit field only holds [-2^(N-1), 2^(N-1)), so the check\nadmits one extra bit of range on each side.\n\nIn particular, for check_imm19(), values in [2^18, 2^19) slip past\nthe check but do not fit into the 19-bit signed imm19 field of\nB.cond. aarch64_insn_encode_immediate() then masks the raw value\ninto the 19-bit field, setting bit 18 (the sign bit) and flipping\na forward branch into a backward one. Same class of issue exists\nfor check_imm26() and the B/BL encoding. Shift by (bits - 1)\ninstead of bits so the actual signed N-bit range is enforced."
        }
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    "dateReserved": "2026-06-09T07:44:35.380Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-06-28T06:38:20.137Z",
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A\\nsigned N-bit field only holds [-2^(N-1), 2^(N-1)), so the check\\nadmits one extra bit of range on each side.\\n\\nIn particular, for check_imm19(), values in [2^18, 2^19) slip past\\nthe check but do not fit into the 19-bit signed imm19 field of\\nB.cond. aarch64_insn_encode_immediate() then masks the raw value\\ninto the 19-bit field, setting bit 18 (the sign bit) and flipping\\na forward branch into a backward one. Same class of issue exists\\nfor check_imm26() and the B/BL encoding. 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  }
}


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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

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Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.